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[IEEE 2017 IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Washington, DC (2017.6.25-2017.6.30)] 2017 IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC) - Study of spatial distribution of electrical, optical and structural properties of magnetron sputtered AZO thin films
摘要： China is now the world's largest producer and consumer of nickel. As an important strategic metal, nickel is widely used in various industries of national economy. Whether the supply of nickel ore resources is sufficient or not directly restricts the development of downstream industries. It is becoming more and more important to evaluate the safety of nickel resources in our country, and to formulate the corresponding safety strategy. This paper uses fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the safety of nickel resources in China, and overcomes the subjectivity and singleness of traditional evaluation methods. On the basis of the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is introduced. At present, the safety situation of nickel resources in our country is in a more dangerous level, and we need to take positive measures to improve it.
关键词： analytic hierarchy process,nickel resources,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,safety evaluation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Coupled electrical-thermal modelling of photovoltaic modules under dynamic conditions
摘要： This paper presents a coupled electrical-thermal model for solar photovoltaic (PV) modules, under an unsteady state and various conditions, including ambient temperature, solar radiation and wind velocity. Validation shows that the electrical and thermal models present high agreement with the experimental data. The developed model after validation is then applied to investigate the distribution of thermal resistance, the in?uence of environmental conditions and cooling methods. Results show that the radiative and convective thermal resistances play a signi?cant role in PV electrical-thermal performance, while conductive thermal resistance can be neglected for simpli?cation in some cases. The results also demonstrate the effects of weather conditions including solar radiation, ambient temperature and wind velocity on PV performance vary and they need to be selected carefully during parameters design. Moreover, a dynamic estimation of different seasons and a long-term evaluation of an entire year for a speci?c PV array have been done to assess the performance of the coupled model. The simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental data in spite of the weather conditions, in which the relative errors of daily energy in four different seasons are just 1.06%e6.17%, while the average monthly energy based on the proposed model (1185.4 kWh) only deviates 4.66% from that extracted by PVsyst software (1132.6 kWh), which both verify the accuracy of the proposed model again.
关键词： Experimental validation,Performance evaluation,Photovoltaic (PV) module,Coupled electrical-thermal model
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Evaluation of the photovoltaic potential in built environment using spatial data captured by unmanned aerial vehicles
摘要： In this paper, a spatial photovoltaic (PV) potential evaluation method based on the combination of aerial photogrammetry and Geographic Information System (GIS) is proposed for PV potential evaluation of built environment (BE). The method can be applied to PV potential evaluation of not only building roofs, but also built environments such as carpark. The point cloud model of the studied field is established by processing images captured by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), which are then imported into GIS to estimate the available area for PV installation based on sunlight analysis after offsetting the identified borders of the urban and ecological infrastructures. The PV potential is determined based on the installation configurations of PV modules. With the help of the PVSYST software simulation, the proposed method in this paper is used to evaluate the PV potential of a carpark and a rooftop of a building in Singapore.
关键词： geographic information system,low‐altitude aerial photography,photovoltaic potential evaluation,photogrammetry,built environment
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Numerical Performance Evaluation of Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System under Partial Shading Condition using Modern Optimization
摘要： Renewable energy is an attractive solution for water pumping systems particularly in isolated regions where the utility grid is unavailable. An attempt is made to improve the performance of solar photovoltaic water pumping system (SPVWPS) under partial shading condition. Under this condition, the power versus voltage curve has more than one maximum power point (MPP), which makes the tracking of global MPP not an easy task. Two MPP tracking (MPPT) strategies are proposed and compared for tracking MPP of SPVWPS under shading condition. The first method is based on the classical perturb and observe (P&O) and the other method is based on a Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA). Based on extensive MATLAB simulation, it is found that the SSA method can provide higher photovoltaic (PV) generated power than the P&O method under shading condition. Consequently, the pump flowrate is increased. But, under normal distribution of solar radiation, both MPPT techniques can extract the maximum power but SSA is considered a time-consuming approach. Moreover, SSA is compared with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA). The obtained results ensure the superiority of SSA compared with PSO and GA. SSA has high successful rate of reaching true global MPP.
关键词： water pumping,solar photovoltaic,numerical evaluation,modern optimization
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Comparison of laser backscattering imaging and computer vision system for grading of seedless watermelons
摘要： The potential of the computer vision system and backscattering imaging with a laser diode emitting at 658 nm was investigated for evaluating color changes and grading of seedless watermelons. A total of 80 seedless watermelons were selected for predicting color changes of the fruit. The watermelons were stored at 10 °C (85% RH) for 21 days with four storage days interval; Day 0, Day 8, Day 15, and Day 21. Image segmentation process and partial least squares (PLS) regression were conducted for both Red, Green, and Blue (RGB) and backscattering image analysis. Prediction models for color changes were developed based on the RGB and backscattering parameters extracted from the watermelon images. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to compare the classification models of the computer vision system and backscattering imaging based on the storage days. The results showed that the backscattering imaging classified different storage days better than computer vision system, with the classification accuracy higher than 94%. In conclusion, this work has demonstrated the ability of backscattering imaging coupled with the laser diode as a non-destructive method for color evaluation and grading of seedless watermelons.
关键词： Computer vision,Grading,Watermelons,Backscattering imaging,Color evaluation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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AIP Conference Proceedings [AIP Publishing 15th International Conference on Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems (CPV-15) - Fes, Morocco (25–27 March 2019)] 15th International Conference on Concentrator Photovoltaic Systems (CPV-15) - Evaluation of dissolved oxygen concentration in silicon wafers by measuring infrared attenuated total reflection
摘要： Dissolved oxygen concentration of silicon wafers were evaluated by measuring infrared absorption of dissolved oxygen in attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectra of silicon wafers and compared with transmission-based evaluation. ATR peak height and the correlation between ATR and transmission was significantly stronger after chemical-mechanical polishing of both sides of wafers to 450 ± 10 μm. The results also indicate that the quantitative evaluation of the oxygen concentration of thin silicon wafers can be done by ATR measurements with appropriate preprocessing.
关键词： dissolved oxygen,infrared attenuated total reflection,ATR,silicon wafers,transmission-based evaluation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA) - Zaragoza, Spain (2019.9.10-2019.9.13)] 2019 24th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA) - Towards robust 6-DoF detection in uncontrolled lightning enviroments
摘要： One of the most critical issues that arises when controlling a robot is the necessity to locate itself in the environment. Ranging from industrial processes applications to outdoor mobile robots, landmarks are used to such purpose: by recognizing them, the robots are able to know where they are with the aid of computer vision. Fiducial markers are the cheapest and one of the most common solutions to this issue: 2D planar patterns that embed some information that can be identified using artificial vision techniques. Many different typologies of markers as well as image processing algorithms are being implemented nowadays, using C++ / Python / MATLAB? libraries and ROS as middleware. In this work we have evaluated the robustness of various fiducial marker typologies, documenting the main technical aspects of the used implementations and commenting how each algorithm operates. Aggregated results are presented and discussed, evaluating the different implementations tested.
关键词： fiducial markers,performance evaluation,ROS,pose estimation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Early economic evaluation of MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) and epilepsy surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
摘要： Background MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is a new minimally invasive treatment for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), with limited effectiveness data. It is unknown if the cost savings associated with shorter hospitalization could offset the high equipment cost of MRgLITT. We examined the cost-utility of MRgLITT versus surgery for TLE from healthcare payer perspective, and the value of additional research to inform policy decision on MRgLITT. Methods We developed a microsimulation model to evaluate quality adjusted life years (QALYs), costs, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of MRgLITT versus surgery in TLE, assuming life-time horizon and 1.5% discount rate. Model inputs were derived from the literature. We conducted threshold and sensitivity analyses to examine parameter uncertainties, and expected value of partial perfect information analyses to evaluate the expected monetary benefit of eliminating uncertainty on probabilities associated with MRgLITT. Results MRgLITT yielded 0.08 more QALYs and cost $7,821 higher than surgery, with ICER of $94,350/QALY. Influential parameters that could change model outcomes include probabilities of becoming seizure-free from disabling seizures state and returning to disabling seizures from seizure-free state 5 years after surgery and MRgLITT, cost of MRgLITT disposable equipment, and utilities of disabling seizures and seizure-free states of surgery and MRgLITT. The cost-effectiveness acceptability curve showed surgery was preferred in more than 50% of iterations. The expected monetary benefit of eliminating uncertainty for probabilities associated with MRgLITT was higher than for utilities associated with MRgLITT. Conclusions MRgLITT resulted in more QALYs gained and higher costs compared to surgery in the base-case. The model was sensitive to variations in the cost of MRgLITT disposable equipment. There is value in conducting more research to reduce uncertainty on the probabilities and utilities of MRgLITT, but priority should be given to research focusing on improving the precision of estimates on effectiveness of MRgLITT.
关键词： MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy,epilepsy surgery,economic evaluation,TLE,temporal lobe epilepsy,cost-utility,MRgLITT
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Quantitative evaluation of atrophic acne scars using 3D image analysis with reflected LED light
摘要： Background: Methods for objective evaluation of acne scars have not been established yet. In this study, the capability of three-dimensional image analysis of acne scarring was examined. Methods: Two dermatologists evaluated the severity and counted the number of atrophic acne scars in a defined evaluation area of each cheek (3.5 cm × 3.5 cm) of 22 subjects (age, 21-38 years). Images of the evaluation area were obtained with an Antera 3D? (Miravex Limited, Ireland) camera three times, and three parameters (affected area, volume, and max depth) were measured. Three different filters (small, medium, and large), which limit measurement targets based on the diameters of concavities, were used for measurement. The relationships between each parameter and the evaluation results of scars by dermatologists were analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficients. Results: The correlations between the evaluation results of scars by dermatologists and each parameter measured were the highest when the large filter was used. The correlation coefficients between the severity of scars by dermatologists and each of affected area, volume, and max depth were 0.736, 0.728, and 0.722, respectively, and those between scar counts and each of affected area and volume were 0.783 and 0.770, respectively. The correlations, scatter plots, and regression lines among three measurements of parameters suggested high repeatability. Conclusions: Three-dimensional image analysis has the capability to evaluate changes in the shape of scars before and after treatment quantitatively.
关键词： acne vulgaris,image analysis,atrophic scar,quantitative evaluation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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High-triplet-energy Bipolar Host Materials Based on Phosphine Oxide Derivatives for Efficient Sky-blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light-emitting Diodes with Reduced Roll-off
摘要： Understanding narrative content has become an increasingly popular topic. Nonetheless, research on identifying common types of narrative characters, or personae, is impeded by the lack of automatic and broad-coverage evaluation methods. We argue that computationally modeling actors provides benefits, including novel evaluation mechanisms for personae. Specifically, we propose two actor-modeling tasks, cast prediction and versatility ranking, which can capture complementary aspects of the relation between actors and the characters they portray. For an actor model, we present a technique for embedding actors, movies, character roles, genres, and descriptive keywords as Gaussian distributions and translation vectors, where the Gaussian variance corresponds to actors’ versatility. Empirical results indicate that (1) the technique considerably outperforms TransE (Bordes et al. 2013) and ablation baselines and (2) automatically identified persona topics (Bamman, O’Connor, and Smith 2013) yield statistically significant improvements in both tasks, whereas simplistic persona descriptors including age and gender perform inconsistently, validating prior research.
关键词： cast prediction,Gaussian embeddings,actor modeling,versatility ranking,narrative understanding,persona evaluation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04