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High-performance p-channel thin-film transistors with lightly doped n-type excimer-laser-crystallized germanium films
摘要： High-performance polycrystalline-germanium (poly-Ge) thin-film transistors (TFTs) fabricated with lightly doped Ge thin films by excimer laser crystallization (ELC) and counter doping (CD) have been demonstrated. High-quality n-type Ge thin films with a grain size as large as 1 μm were fabricated by ELC in the super lateral-growth regime and CD at a dose of 1 × 1013 cm?2 or higher. Consequently, a superior field-effect mobility of 271 cm2 V?1 s?1 and a high on/off current ratio of 2.7 × 103 have been obtained for p-channel Ge TFTs with the channel width and length of both 0.5 μm fabricated by ELC at 300 mJ/cm2 and CD at a dose of 1 × 1013 cm?2. The effects of ELC conditions and CD dose on the electrical characteristics of p-channel Ge TFTs were also investigated.
关键词： field-effect mobility,excimer laser crystallization,thin-film transistors,polycrystalline-germanium,counter doping
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Myopic Laser-Assisted Subepithelial Keratectomy (LASEK) outcomes using three different excimer laser platforms: a retrospective observational study
摘要： Background: To compare the visual and refractive outcomes after myopic LASEK using three different excimer lasers and standardized surgical and mitomycin C (MMC) application protocols. Methods: In this retrospective, observational cohort study, we examined 122 eyes treated with Allegretto, 135 eyes treated with Esiris and 137 eyes treated with Technolas excimer lasers. All eyes were treated under the same surgical protocol, and a standardized MMC dosage was used. The three groups were refraction-matched, and both visual and refractive outcomes were evaluated at 1 and 7 days and 1 and 3 months after surgery. Results: At 3 months postsurgery, Allegretto provided significantly better outcomes than Esiris and Technolas in terms of postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) (1.11 ± 0.2 vs 1.01 ± 0.2 vs 0.98 ± 0.2) (P = 0.0001), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) (1.13 ± 0.2 vs 1.10 ± 0.1 vs 1.04 ± 0.2) (P = 0.0001), residual sphere (? 0.01 ± 0.2 vs + 0.29 ± 0.7 vs + 0.27 ± 0.6) (P = 0.0001), and efficacy index (0.99 ± 0.2 vs 0.90 ± 0.2 vs 0.91 ± 0.2) (P = 0.0004). Conclusions: We found slightly better visual and refractive outcomes in the Allegretto group at 3 months post-op after LASEK with MMC to correct myopia.
关键词： Mitomycin C,LASEK,Myopia,Excimer laser
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Long-term assessment of visual and refractive outcomes of laser in situ keratomileusis for hyperopia using the AMARIS? 750S Excimer laser
摘要： Purpose. — To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using the AMARIS? 750S (Schwind, Eye-tech-solutions, GmbH) excimer laser. Methods. — The medical records of one hundred eleven eyes of 62 patients who underwent LASIK for hyperopia using the AMARIS? 750S excimer laser were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were divided into three groups based on preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) refraction: low hyperopia (less than +2.50 diopters [D]), moderate hyperopia (+2.75D to +4.00D), and high hyperopia (over +4.00D). Uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), long-term stability of refraction, and complications were evaluated. Results. — Of the entire sample, the mean preoperative SE was +3.64D ± 1.22D. The mean age was 37.4 ± 11.2 years (20—59). The mean follow-up for all eyes was 51 months. At the last visit, the mean SE was +0.85D ± 0.34D in the low hyperopia group, +1.09D ± 0.43D in the moderate hyperopia group, and +1.63D ± 0.47D in the high hyperopia group (+1.15D ± 0.49D overall). Preoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 0.52 ± 0.34 logMAR and increased to 0.18 ± 0.15 logMAR at 4 years follow-up (P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative BCVA. The UCVA was 0.30 logMAR or better in 100% of eyes in the low hyperopia group, 93.7% in the moderate hyperopia group, and 69.9% in the high hyperopia group (%89.2 overall). Conclusions. — LASIK is safe and effective for correcting hyperopia in the short term; however, the efficacy of the procedure is limited in the patients with high hyperopia and longer follow-up.
关键词： Hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis,Excimer laser,LASIK,Laser in situ keratomileusis,Hyperopia
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Decrease of intermolecular interactions for less-doped efficient deep blue monomer light-emitting diodes
摘要： Intermolecular interactions arise from molecular aggregation and cause concentration quenching and excimer emission. Although aggregation or excimer induced emission are sometimes favored, for example for color tuning, intermolecular interactions should usually be minimized because concentration quenching and excimer emission usually result in poor efficiency and color instability. In this paper, two novel tert-butyl modified naphthyl derivates, 4,5'-di-{[N,N,N',N'- tetrakis-(4-tert-butyl-phenyl)]phenyl-1'',4'''-diamine}-1,1'-binaphthalenyl (BN5) and 1,5-di-{[N,N,N', N'-tetrakis-(4-tert-butyl-phenyl)]phenyl-1'',4'''-diamine}-3,7-bi-tertbutylnaphthalenyl (BN6), have been synthesized and their intriguing photophysical properties and high-efficiency deep-blue electroluminescence (EL) in less-concentrated condensed phase investigated. Electroluminescent devices based on BN5 in 50% matrix achieved a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 3.7% and the Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.160, 0.081) which is very close to the National Television Standards Committee’s (NTSC of USA) pure blue standard. Meanwhile, the non-doped device based on BN5 demonstrated a much higher EQE of 4.5%. Neat BN6-based device presented a pure monomer emission (λpeak = 420 nm) with an extremely high EQE of 5.1% and a satisfactory CIE coordinate of (0.171, 0.076). Such values are the best ever reported for 420 nm EL emission with an un-doped layer. We attributed the enhanced performance of deep blue monomer light-emitting diodes to tert-butyl groups of BNs due to a reduction of intermolecular interaction, especially the tert-butyl substituents on the molecular backbone of BN6 play a major role in inhibiting dimer and crystallization-induced emission.
关键词： excimer emission,organic light-emitting diodes,deep blue,intermolecular interactions
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Cross Strait Quad-Regional Radio Science and Wireless Technology Conference (CSQRWC) - Taiyuan, China (2019.7.18-2019.7.21)] 2019 Cross Strait Quad-Regional Radio Science and Wireless Technology Conference (CSQRWC) - High Performance Germanium n <sup>+</sup> /p Shallow Junction for nano-Scaled n-MOSFET
摘要： In this work, we study excimer laser annealing (ELA) on phosphorus-implanted germanium with implantation energies and doses of 30 keV, 5x1015 cm-2, and 10 keV, 5x1014 cm-2, respectively. A lower specific contact resistivity of Al/n+Ge and better performance of Ge n+/p diode than that obtained by rapid thermal annealing have been fulfilled. Moreover, by a combination of low temperature pre-annealing (LTPA) and ELA, we achieved a Ge n+/p diode with a rectification ratio of about 107 and decreased phosphorus diffusion in Ge during ELA. A increased activation concentration up to 6x1019cm-3 with a high activation ratio about 85% of phosphorus have been achieved in a low ion implanted dose and energy.
关键词： low temperature pre-annealing,excimer laser annealing,germanium,shallow junction
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Understanding Lasers (An Entry Level Guide, Fourth Edition) || Gas Lasers
摘要： Most gas lasers share some key features. Gas is put into a tube, mirrors are put on the ends, and an electric discharge is passed through the gas to produce a population inversion. The details vary quite a bit. The discharge may pass across the tube or along its length. Some molecular gases emit in the mid to far infrared on vibrational or rotational transitions. Atomic gases tend to emit in or near the visible. Ionized gases may emit in the visible or ultraviolet. One odd family of short-lived molecules emits bright ultraviolet pulses. The result is a varied group of lasers that share important features and can illustrate some important aspects of laser physics. Two families of gas lasers, carbon dioxide (CO2) and excimer lasers, are important commercially, but other gas lasers have become niche products. This chapter will explore the basics of gas lasers and teach you about the most important types.
关键词： gas lasers,CO2 lasers,excimer lasers,electric discharge,population inversion
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Self-assembling behavior of binary mixture of hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene derivatives with different molecular symmetry
摘要： The self-assembly and mesophase behavior of a series of mixtures of hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) derivatives carrying alkyl chains of different lengths at different positions and thus of different molecular symmetry (C1- and D3h-symmetry) were examined by powder X-ray diffractometry, UV-vis spectrometry, photoluminescence, polarizing optical microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Significant reduction of isotropic phase transition temperature/clearing temperature was observed compare to single component symmetric analogues. The chain length modulates the mesophase behavior existed in the mixture. In particular, with long dodecyl groups, the mixture exhibited excimer/exciplex formation as well as aggregation induced emission phenomena in the non-polar solvent of hexane. Formation dynamics of intermolecular excimer/exciplex was studied by nuclear magnetic resonance and UV-vis spectroscopic method.
关键词： binary,excimer,exciplex,Self-assembly,hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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A new approach to studying the luminescence spectra of free icosahedral and crystalline argon nanoclusters
摘要： We propose a new approach to analyzing the cathodoluminescence spectra of free argon nanoclusters, forming in a supersonic jet flowing into vacuum. Based on this approach, we conduct an analysis of the intensities of the luminescence bands of neutral and charged excimer complexes (Ar2)* and (Ar+4)*, measured for clusters with an average size ranging from 500 to 8900 atoms per cluster, and a diameter of 32–87 A? . It is shown that the concentration of the substance condensed into clusters, which determines the integrated intensity of the bands, is proportional to the logarithm of the average size of the clusters in the jet. An analysis of the normalized intensities of the (Ar2)* and (Ar+4)* bands for crystalline clusters with an fcc structure allowed us to establish that the luminescence of neutral (Ar2)* molecules comes from within the volume of the cluster, while the charged complexes (Ar+4)* emit from the subsurface layer. We highlighted an area of cluster dimensions at which the jet is dominated by quasi-crystalline clusters with an icosahedral structure, and it is shown that the transition from icosahedral clusters to fcc structures occurs when the average size of the cluster in the jet is (cid:2)N = (1000–1800) atoms/cluster.
关键词： cathodoluminescence,argon nanoclusters,luminescence spectra,excimer complexes,supersonic jet
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Paintable Room Temperature Phosphorescent Liquid Formulations of Alkylated Bromonaphthalimide
摘要： Organic phosphors have been widely explored with an understanding that crystalline molecular ordering is a requisite for enhanced intersystem crossing. In this context, we explore the room temperature phosphorescence features of a solvent-free organic liquid phosphor in air. Given alkyl chain substitution varied the physical states of bromonaphthalimides, phosphorescence remained unaltered for the solvent-free liquid in air. As the first report, a solvent-free liquid of a long swallow tailed bromonaphthalimide exhibits room temperature phosphorescence in air. Doping of the phosphor with carbonyl guests resulted in enhanced phosphorescence and hence a large area paintable phosphorescent liquid composite with improved lifetime and quantum yield is developed.
关键词： luminescent thermometer,excimer,organic liquids,liquid phosphor,phosphorescence
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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Discrete Dimers of Redox-Active and Fluorescent Perylene Diimide-Based Rigid Isosceles Triangles in the Solid State
摘要： The development of rigid covalent chiroptical organic materials, with multiple, readily available redox states, which exhibit high photoluminescence is of particular importance in relation to both organic electronics and photonics. The chemically stable, thermally robust and redox-active perylene diimide (PDI) fluorophores have received ever-increasing attention owing to their excellent fluorescence quantum yields in solution. Planar PDI derivatives, however, generally suffer from aggregation-caused emission quenching in the solid state. Herein, we report on the design and synthesis of two chiral isosceles triangles wherein one PDI fluorophore and two pyromellitic diimide (PMDI) or naphthalene diimide (NDI) units are arranged in a rigid cyclic triangular geometry. The optical, electronic and magnetic properties of the rigid isosceles triangles are fully characterized by a combination of optical spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, and computational modeling techniques. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows that both isosceles triangles form discrete, nearly cofacial PDI-PDI π-dimers in the solid state. While the triangles exhibit fluorescence quantum yields of almost unity in solution, the dimers in the solid state exhibit very weak — yet at least an order of magnitude higher — excimer fluorescence yield in comparison with the almost completely quenched fluorescence of a reference PDI. The triangle containing both NDI and PDI subunits shows superior intramolecular energy transfer from the lowest excited singlet state of the NDI to that of the PDI subunit. Cyclic voltammetry suggests that both isosceles triangles exhibit multiple, easily accessible and reversible redox states. Applications beckon in arenas related to molecular optoelectronic devices.
关键词： intramolecular energy transfer,isosceles triangles,rigid covalent chiroptical organic materials,naphthalene diimide,excimer fluorescence,redox-active,π-dimers,photoluminescence,perylene diimide,pyromellitic diimide,cyclic voltammetry
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14