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Optimizing Processing Parameters for Multi-Track Laser Cladding Utilizing Multi-Response Grey Relational Analysis
摘要： Multi-track laser cladding is the primary technology used in industrial applications for surface reinforcement and remanufacturing of broken parts. In this study, the influence of processing parameters on multi-track laser cladding was investigated using a Taguchi orthogonal experimental design. A multi-response grey relational analysis (GRA) was employed to identify laser cladding processing parameters that simultaneously optimize the flatness ratio of the coating and the cladding efficiency. The optimal parameters setting found by GRA were validated experimentally. Results showed that the flatness ratio and cladding efficiency were closely correlated to the overlap rate and laser power, where the overlap rate shows the most significant impact on the flatness ratio and the laser power shows the most significant impact on cladding efficiency. Results from the validation experiment were within one percent (0.97% error) of the predicted value. This demonstrates the benefits of utilizing GRA in laser cladding process optimization. The methods presented in this paper can be used to identify ideal processing parameters for multi-response multi-track laser cladding processes or other industrial applications.
关键词： orthogonal experimental design,grey relational analysis,multi-track cladding,laser cladding
更新于2025-11-28 14:24:20
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Constru??o de um luxímetro de baixo custo
摘要： Este artigo prop?e a constru??o de um instrumento eletr?nico denominado luxímetro digital, aliando a simplicidade e o baixo custo, o que o torna mais simples e barato do que aqueles que se encontram no mercado. A sua constru??o tende a facilitar a difus?o e o acesso a este tipo de instrumento de medidas entre professores do ensino médio e institui??es de ensino, sendo ideal para constituir um laboratório de ciências.
关键词： luz,atividade experimental,efeito fotoelétrico
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Design and characterization of the non-uniform solar flux distribution measurement system
摘要： It is important to accurately measure the solar flux distribution on the heated surface for the utilization of solar energy. To this end, in this paper a new measurement system was proposed to measure the solar flux distribution of the absorber tube surface by taking advantage of the end loss effect. The new measurement system does not disturb the collected lights path and influence the operation of the solar collector. The solar flux distribution at different angles can be measured with a few number of heat flux gage by rotating the proposed solar flux measurement system. Compared with existing measurement techniques, the proposed solar flux measurement system has distinct advantages such as simple structure, flexible and reliable operation and easy application. An experimental platform was designed and constructed, and the solar flux distributions on the outer surface of the absorber under different conditions are measured. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed measurement method are validated by comparing the experiment results and the numerical simulation results.
关键词： solar flux distribution,solar flux measurement system,parabolic trough solar collector,experimental investigation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Performance improvement of baffle-type solar air collector based on first chamber narrowing
摘要： This paper proposes a novel idea to optimize thermal performance of baffle-type solar air collector by narrowing the first chamber through rearranging the baffles in the collector. The collector with five chambers divided by four baffles was investigated numerically and experimentally, and the mechanism of performance improvement was revealed by flow and heat transfer analysis. The simulation results show that the width of first chamber has significant influence on thermal efficiency, while has little influence on pressure drop. The maximum thermal-efficiency growth rate can be achieved when the width of the first chamber is 200 mm with the total chamber size of 2000 mm × 1000 mm × 120 mm, and the value is up to 16.90% compared with the model with evenly distributed baffles during the Reynolds number ranges from 1.8–5.5 × 10^3. A test rig was developed at the ratio of 1:0.5 to the numerical model. Four collector models were studied under three working conditions, and effectiveness of this method is verified. The results show that the first-chamber narrowing method has relatively stable optimization effect with a thermal-efficiency growth rate ranges from 9.73% to 16.10% in the experiment. It means that this method is not sensitive to scale change and has certain adaptability.
关键词： Experimental verification,Numerical simulation,Performance optimization,First chamber narrowing,Solar air collector
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Investigative study of the thermal performance of a trial solar air heater
摘要： Solar collectors need to be inclined at the optimum angle to maximize the receiving energy. The evaluation of the thermal performance of solar air collectors is important for the proper design and sizing of the collector for a given application. In our experimental/theoretical study, which consists of a thermal performance investigation, we have sought to optimize the efficiency–temperature rise couple of the designed solar air heater by considering the appropriate assembling materials regarding the absorber, the glazing and the insulation. Obviously, efficiency is dependent on the orientation of solar collectors and the measured parameters climate conditions such as wind speed, solar radiation and ambient temperature. In order to achieve possible performance optimization of the receiver plane using a low number of variables and equations, the calculations were carried out considering four values of azimuth angle, γ = 0°, 22.5°, 45° and 67.5°, and by varying the tilt angle β by 5 degrees from 15° to 70°.
关键词： Insulation,Efficiency,Absorber,Optimization,Experimental solar air collector
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Transient numerical study of thermo-energetic performance of solar air heating collectors with metallic porous matrix
摘要： This paper presents the numerical modeling of the thermo-energetic behavior of solar air heaters with a porous matrix to enhance the heat transfer from the absorber plate to the circulating air. The porous matrix was modeled by defining an average strand at which the porosity, the effective cross-sectional area for conduction heat transfer, and the effective lateral area for convection and radiation heat transfer were determined. The pressure drop along the collector was small because the porosity of the matrix was high (97%). For this collector, the thermohydraulic efficiency reaches a maximum value of 63% for an air mass flow of 0.06 kg/s and thereafter decreases as the power consumed by the fan increases. Using data measured during the winter of 2015 in a prototype solar collector, the numerical model was validated. The fit relative error between measured and modeling values was 3% for the air output temperature and 5%, on average, for the useful energy gain of the collector. The dependence of the collector heat removal factor, FR, on the porosity was studied through numerical simulation. The results of this study revealed that, as the porosity of the matrix decreases, the FR factor increases. Therefore, in order to maximize the thermal efficiency of the collector, it is recommended to use matrices with a porosity close to 90%. The thermal efficiency of solar air heaters of double-pass counterflow with a metallic porous matrix with a porosity of 90% is 20% higher than that of the same collector without a porous matrix for the same operating parameters. The results of this study are of technological importance for the efficient design of solar air heaters of double-pass with a porous matrix.
关键词： Solar air heating,Experimental evaluation,Computational simulation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon) - Vladivostok, Russia (2018.10.3-2018.10.4)] 2018 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon) - Quality Control of Sodium High-Pressure Lamps by the Singular Decomposition Method
摘要： We created a mathematical model of a sodium high-pressure lamp. This model is used in production before sending lamps to the consumer. To develop the model, we used a mathematical model. An analytical method was used to describe the operation of a sodium lamp based on differential equations. We also used the singular value decomposition algorithm to find the coefficients of the ARMA model. Also, the transfer function of the ARMA model was obtained. Then we tested the models to control the quality of sodium lamps in production. The obtained results of the simulation coincide with the experimental results. A graphical dependence is obtained in the case when the standard deviation is 1. Using a series of tests based on the singular value decomposition method, we confirmed the adequacy of elaborated model by Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion.
关键词： experimental research,mathematical model,sodium lamp
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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A new TRNSYS type for thermosiphon flat-plate solar thermal collectors: validation and optimization procedure
摘要： This paper presents a new TRNSYS Type (called Type 99) which can be used for the energy assessment of thermosiphon Flat-Plate solar thermal Collectors (FPCs) for water heating. The accuracy of this new type is higher than the standard type (Type 45a) available in TRNSYS library, since the density and specific heat of water are estimated according to the operating fluid temperature. The results of a suitable experimental campaign are also presented for different commercial FPCs system layouts. The developed Type 99 is successfully validated, proven by the very good agreement achieved between the simulation and experimental results. By the new Type 99 a suitable Design of Experiment (DoE) analysis is carried out with the aim to assess the design and operating parameters mostly affecting the energy and economic performance of two types of FPCs. Specifically, collector pipe diameters, slope, storage tank volume, and thermal insulation thickness are investigated. The analysis is carried out for three case studies which refer to residential Domestic Hot Water (DHW) production applications and to three different European weather zones (Freiburg, Naples and Larnaca). For these case studies an optimization procedure is also carried out by varying the same design and operating parameters for two different objective functions: best energy behaviour [maximum Primary Energy Saving (PES)] and best economic performance [minimum Simple Pay Back (SPB)]. Interesting novel design criteria and encouraging economic results are obtained.
关键词： economic assessment,DoE analysis,Building solar thermal systems,dynamic energy performance analysis,experimental validation
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Uncertainty Analysis and Experimental Design in the Monte Carlo Ray-Trace Environment
摘要： Despite the dominant role of the Monte Carlo ray-trace (MCRT) method in modern radiation heat transfer analysis, the contemporary literature remains surprisingly reticent on the uncertainty of results obtained using it. After first identifying the radiation distribution factor as a population proportion, standard statistical procedures are used to estimate its mean uncertainty, to a stated level of confidence, as a function of the number of surface elements making up the enclosure and the number of rays traced per surface element. This a priori statistical uncertainty is then shown to compare favorably with the observed variability in the distribution factors obtained in an actual MCRT-based analysis. Finally, a formal approach is demonstrated for estimating, to a prescribed level of confidence, the uncertainty in predicted heat transfer. This approach provides a basis for determining the minimum number of rays per surface element required to obtain the desired accuracy.
关键词： Monte Carlo ray-trace,uncertainty analysis,experimental design,radiation heat transfer,distribution factor
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 9th International Conference on Ultrawideband and Ultrashort Impulse Signals (UWBUSIS) - Odessa, Ukraine (2018.9.4-2018.9.7)] 2018 9th International Conference on Ultrawideband and Ultrashort Impulse Signals (UWBUSIS) - Wireless Charger for Implantable Biotelemetry System
摘要： This paper presents a description of the wireless charger for biomedical telemetry system for experimental animals. General information on the advantages of using telemetry in longitudinal biomedical researches is presented. The areas of application of wireless telemetry systems and their advantages over wired analogues are argued. A reliable method of transferring energy from the charger to the sensor-implant is described.
关键词： telemetry system,experimental animal,wireless charger,implant
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21