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Fast and simple interrogation of extrinsic Fabry–Perot interferometer sensor based on dual-wavelength intensity ratio
摘要： A fast and simple demodulation method for the variation of Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity length is proposed and demonstrated. Taking advantages of differentially detecting optical power intensities of dual-wavelength, a reliable linear correlation between the variation of FP cavity length and differential intensity ratio of dual-wavelength can be obtained. Besides, an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI) sensor with a length of 196.8 um was used to demonstrate performance of the method, and the time for each experimental operation is within 100 ms by the demodulation method and an integrable tunable laser assembly (ITLA). The demodulation resolution of 0.726 nm was achieved for the change of cavity length in a strain sensing experiment. By selecting two wavelengths at different positions in the system, the linear ranges of FP cavity length variation are 180 nm, 150 nm, and 130 nm responding to the sensitivities of -0.01099 nm-1, -0.01485 nm-1, and -0.02253 nm-1, respectively. It shows a high flexibility between the linear range and the sensitivity. Consequently, the different requirements of the EFPI sensor system can be easily fulfilled through appropriate selections of two different wavelengths. Moreover, the advantages of simplicity, fast speed, low cost can be fully revealed in the demodulation of large-scale production EFPI sensors.
关键词： Fabry-Perot cavity,Fiber sensors,Dual-wavelength.
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Design of a high-gain wideband antenna using double-layer metasurface
摘要： A wideband antenna is studied in this paper using a multi-layer metasurface structure and implementing a periodic array for enhancing the gain. The performance of the multilayer antenna is improved by using a sub-wavelength Fabry-Perot cavity (FPC). The feeding and main radiation patches of the microstrip antenna are placed separately on two substrates, which are stacked on top of each other without an air-gap in between. Two other substrates are placed within an optimized distance on top of the microstrip antenna. This structure, which has a double-sided periodic array configuration, includes a capacitive artificial impedance surface (AIS) on one side, and an inductive partially reflective surface (PRS) on the other side of the substrates. Making use of this configuration increases the gain up to 18 dBi and widens the frequency bandwidth. Moreover, measurement results indicate a frequency range from 10.8 GHz to 15 GHz with an S11 less than ?10 dB.
关键词： Fabry-Perot cavity,microstrip antenna,artificial impedance surface,partially reflective surface,metasurface
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Fabry–Perot Cavity Sensing Probe with High Thermal Stability for an Acoustic Sensor by Structure Compensation
摘要： Fiber Fabry–Perot cavity sensing probes with high thermal stability for dynamic signal detection which are based on a new method of structure compensation by a proposed thermal expansion model, are presented here. The model reveals that the change of static cavity length with temperature only depends on the thermal expansion coefficient of the materials and the structure parameters. So, fiber Fabry–Perot cavity sensing probes with inherent temperature insensitivity can be obtained by structure compensation. To verify the method, detailed experiments were carried out. The experimental results reveal that the static cavity length of the fiber Fabry–Perot cavity sensing probe with structure compensation hardly changes in the temperature range of ?20 to 60 °C and that the method is highly reproducible. Such a method provides a simple approach that allows the as-fabricated fiber Fabry–Perot cavity acoustic sensor to be used for practical applications, exhibiting the great advantages of its simple architecture and high reliability.
关键词： high thermal stability,thermal expansion model,structure compensation,Fabry–Perot cavity,acoustic sensor
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Low-Voltage, Coupled Multiple Quantum Well Electroreflective Modulators towards Ultralow Power Inter-Chip Optical Interconnects
摘要： An electroreflective modulator based on multiple-pass electroabsorption (EA) of coupled multiple quantum wells (CMQWs) is demonstrated for integration with low-loss polymer optical waveguides towards inter-chip and on-board optical interconnects at 850 nm. Taking advantage of coupling between quantum states in MQWs, the top polymer cladding and the bottom Au mirror form a Fabry-Pérot cavity to further enhance the EA of CMQWs, thereby greatly improving the extinction ratio (ER) at a low voltage. The device achieves an ER of ~6 dB and an insertion loss (IL) <3 dB at 2 V, notably outperforming conventional surface-incident EA modulators at the same driving voltage. A further optimized modulator design can achieve a peak ER of 9-12 dB at 2V with a low IL of 2-3 dB and a relatively broad spectral bandwidth of ~10 nm. The low capacitance and reverse bias operation at a low voltage potentially offer ~10× lower power consumption compared to direct modulation of 850 nm lasers. This simple surface-incident CMQW modulator is a promising candidate for integration with ultralow power inter-chip and on-board interconnect architectures.
关键词： Modulator,Coupled Multiple Quantum Wells,Optical Interconnect,Fabry-Perot cavity,Electroabsorption
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Controllable tuning of Fabrya??Perot cavities <i>via</i> laser printing
摘要： The Fabry–Perot (FP) cavity is one of the basic optical components that has been widely applied in interferometry, spectroscopy, lasers and optoelectronic devices. Currently, tailorable FP cavities are highly desirable for fast and in situ modulation, which is crucial for optoelectronic devices and their integration. Here a simple tuning strategy of FP cavity mode is developed based on the plasmon-assisted laser printing technique. The laser irradiation induces photochemical and/or photothermal degradation of the polymer medium in the cavity, which is highly dependent on the film thickness and laser power. Thus, the FP cavity mode can be precisely and continuously tuned with irradiation time, which is then monitored using reflection spectra. Such a laser printing strategy is facile and general, which is capable of generating different structural colours.
关键词： laser printing,structural colours,plasmon-assisted,photochemical degradation,photothermal degradation,Fabry–Perot cavity
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Advances in inorganic and hybrid perovskites for miniaturized lasers
摘要： The rapid advancement of perovskite-based optoelectronics devices has caught the world’s attention due to their outstanding properties, such as long carrier lifetime, low defect trap density, large absorption coefficient, narrow linewidth and high optical gain. Herein, the photonic lasing properties of perovskites are reviewed since the first stimulated emission of perovskites observed in 2014. The review is mainly focused on 3D structures based on their inherently active microcavities and externally passive microcavities of the perovskites. First, the fundamental properties in terms of crystal structure and optical characteristics of perovskites are reviewed. Then the perovskite lasers are classified into two sections based on the morphology features: the ability/inability to support lasing behaviors by themselves. Every section is further divided into two kinds of cavities according to the light reflection paths (Standing wave for the Fabry–Pérot cavity and travelling wave for the Whispering-Gallery-Mode cavity). The lasing performance involves fabrication methods, cavity sizes, thresholds, quality factors, pumping sources, etc. Finally, some challenges and prospects for perovskite lasers are given.
关键词： Fabry–Pérot cavity,Whispering Gallery Mode,semiconductor,laser,ASE,perovskite
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Wideband circular polarized Fabry-Perot cavity antennas for V-band indoor point-to-point communications
摘要： In this paper, a 60 GHz planar Fabry-Perot cavity (FPC) antenna with a circularly polarized (CP) radiation characteristic is proposed as a good candidate for millimeter-wave wireless systems. A sparse array design is employed to enhance the gain bandwidth (GBW) product of the antenna. Complete formulations for circular polarized radiation are developed to serve as a general guideline scalable to any frequencies. The theoretical results using ideal point sources are validated by numerical analysis using the finite elements method (FEM). In the full-wave simulations, the ideal sources are replaced by four annular-ring slot antennas to excite the FPC.
关键词： Circular Polarized,V-Band Antennas,Fabry-Perot Cavity Antennas,Directive Antennas,Wideband Antennas
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2018 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference (ACP) - Hangzhou, China (2018.10.26-2018.10.29)] 2018 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference (ACP) - Design of Helical Tube Fiber Optic Fabry-Perot Cavity Pressure Sensor
摘要： An optical fiber helical tube pressure sensor based on Fabry-Perot cavity which is fabricated by CO2 laser thermal bonding technique is developed. The measuring range is 0~72MPa, the repeatability is 0.02% F·S and the hysteresis is 0.02% F·S.
关键词： helical tube,pressure,Fabry-Perot cavity,CO2 laser,sensor
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Coupling of the First and Second Excited States of R6G Dye with the Fabry-Perot Cavity
摘要： Coupling of macroscopic ensembles of highly concentrated R6G molecules with aluminum and silver Fabry–Perot cavities of different sizes, in which one or two standing wave modes are in resonance with the absorption transition(s) of the dye molecules, have been studied. (i) It has been found that strong coupling of the cavity with one molecular eigenstate (S0!S1 transition) does not perturb the energies of the other molecular states. (ii) The S0!S2 absorption transition is too weak to strongly couple to the resonant cavity (“λ” standing wave mode). However, the resonant cavity causes a blue shift of the S0!S2 excitation band. (iii) The splitting of the dispersion curve is theoretically predicted and experimentally observed at strong coupling of the cavity resonance (“λ” standing wave mode) with the material resonances of Ag, including bound electron and “epsilon equal zero” transitions.
关键词： spectroscopy,Fabry–Perot cavity,energy splitting,excited states,spectral shifts,rhodamine 6G dye,strong coupling
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - On Chip Sub-Wavelength Grating Fabry-Perot Cavity, toward Integrated Cavity Optomechanics Applications
摘要： Sub-Wavelength Grating (SWG) periodic media are comprised of alternative dielectric layers with a pitch Λ small enough in comparison to the wavelength to supress any diffraction or interference effect. As a good first approximation, SWG media can be considered as uniform and lossless ones, with an averaging effect over the dielectric permittivity [1]. The use of SWG media as core and/or cladding materials of optical waveguides was first proposed and demonstrated in 2010 [2] as a way to realize easy engineering of the refractive guided index of light with simple lithographic patterning. Since then, SWG waveguides have found various applications such as waveguide crossing, multimode interferometers, optical filters, mid-infrared waveguides, or even optical biosensing [3]. We propose to include SWG waveguides within a suspended Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity (see Fig. 1a). The core of the cavity is formed by alternative Silicon and Air SWG layers, while the input and output mirrors are two Direct Bragg Reflectors (DBR). The whole structure is fully suspended through the use of two support arms. We present the theoretical modelization, technological realization and optical characterisations of such a cavity. The design was conducted through both an analytical model that treats SWG media with equivalent refractive indexes, and two dimensional effective index Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations. Actual devices were realized on 200 mm silicon on insulator (SOI) wafers in our clean room facilities with e-beam patterning of the waveguide level, and characterized via full-scale wafer optical spectrum measurement between 1520 nm and 1580 nm. At time of writing, we measured optical quality factors of 10 000 over 2 μm long cavities. We believe this kind of suspended structure can be used in the field of Cavity Optomechanics, where an optical cavity is coupled to a mechanical resonator [4]. Indeed, because it is fully suspended, we await mechanical resonance to occur, the cavity behaving similarly to a doubly clamped holey cantilever (see Fig. 1c). Apart from the traditional optical phase shift occurring with propagation length variations of the cavity, there should also be a phase shift arising from the SWG nature of the waveguide, whose equivalent refractive index depends on the pitch Λ (and thus length) of the cavity. Due to this additional effect, we expect a strong optomechanical coupling rate.
关键词： Sub-Wavelength Grating,silicon on insulator,optical waveguides,Fabry-Perot cavity,cavity optomechanics
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22