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A Nonfullerene Acceptor with Alkylthio‐ and Dimethoxy‐Thiophene‐Groups Yielding High‐Performance Ternary Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Herein, an A–D–A-type nonfullerene acceptor (named IDTS-4F) with an alkyl thiophenyl side chain and dimethoxy thiophene bridging unit is reported. The use of an alkyl thiophenyl group is important, as the insertion of sulfur atoms can slightly downshift the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of the molecule and allows IDTS-4F to match with state-of-the-art donor polymer PM6 (or PM7). Compared with conventional nonfullerene acceptors, IT-4F, the IDTS-4F molecule, has a smaller optical bandgap and higher lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level, which are beneficial to increase the Voc and Jsc of the devices. Nonfullerene organic solar cell devices are fabricated using IDTS-4F. Although the binary device based on IDTS-4F exhibits a lower fill factor (FF, 70%), the ternary device by incorporating 0.2 of IDTS-4F and 0.8 of IT-4F (with PM6 as the donor polymer) can simultaneously achieve a higher Voc and Jsc, while maintaining the high FF (77%) of IT-4F based system. Morphology characterizations indicate the formation of homogeneous film morphology, the large increase in phase purity and crystallinity, and the reduction in domain size upon addition of crystalline IDTS-4F, while the electron/hole mobilities and recombination losses of the IT-4F system are both maintained.
关键词： polymer solar cells,nonfullerene acceptors,fullerene-free,organic solar cells,ternary solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Interface-enhanced organic solar cells with extrapolated T80 lifetimes of over 20 years
摘要： With recent advances in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) based on novel donor and non-fullerene acceptor (NFAs), improving the stability of these systems has become the most important issue for their practical applications. Herein, an efficient and highly stable OSC, containing a novel polymer donor and a non-fullerene acceptor system, is reported. The OSC is based on an inverted device structure that utilizes a self-assembled fullerene monolayer (C60-SAM) as the cathode modification layer, an efficient and highly stable OSC composes of a polymer donor of poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene-alt-3-fluorothie-n o[3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate] (PTB7-Th) and a non-fullerene acceptor of (2,2'-((2Z,2'Z)-(((4,4,9,9-Tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-4,9-dihydro-sindaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(4-((2ethylhexyl)oxy)thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(methanylylidene))bis(5,6-diflu oro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene -2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile) (IEICO-4F) is presented, showing a PCE of 10%. It further achieves an extrapolated T80 lifetime (the time required to reach 80% of initial performance) of 34,000 h, operating under one sun illumination equivalent. Based on an estimated solar irradiance of 1500 kWh/(m2 year) for China, a potential lifetime of 22 years is inferred for the OSC. Further investigation reveals that the reported C60-SAM modification stabilizes the OSC active layer morphology by lowering the surface energy of the underlying ZnO electron transport layer and suppressing trap-assisted recombination, thereby improving photostability. The results of this work establish important guidelines for the development of non-fullerene based OSCs with enhanced stability and pave the way for the commercialization of OSC technology.
关键词： interlayer modification,non-fullerene acceptor,photostability,green solvent,organic solar cell
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Efficient organic solar cells based on a new a??Y-seriesa?? non-fullerene acceptor with an asymmetric electron-deficient-core
摘要： Herein, a new “Y-series” non-fullerene acceptor, Y21, bearing an asymmetric electron-deficient-core (DA’D) and fluorinated dicyanomethylene derivatives as flanking groups, was designed and synthesized for organic solar cell applications. Rather than being perfectly C2 symmetric manner of the traditional “Y-series” acceptor, Y21 possesses an electron-withdrawing unit (A’) shifted from the center of DA’D, turning into an asymmetric molecular geometry. Photovoltaic devices based on PM6:Y21 can realize a high Jsc of 24.9 mA cm-2, and a PCE of 15.4 %. Our work demonstrates a new way to tune the photoelectronic property of the “Y-series” NFAs.
关键词： non-fullerene acceptor,Y-series,asymmetric electron-deficient-core,organic solar cells,photovoltaic performance
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Vortex-Aligned Ordered Film of Crystalline Fullerene C <sub/>70</sub> Microtubes with Enhanced Photoluminescence and Photovoltaics Properties
摘要： Crystalline fullerene C70 microtubes (FMTs) were produced employing ultrasound-assisted liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation (ULLIP) technique at the interface between fullerene C70 solution in 1,2 dichlorobenzene (DCB) and isopropanol (IPA) at 15 °C. Using the vortex-flow motion of the sub-phase water (also called Vortex-Langmuir-Blodgett technique), the FMTs were aligned and homogeneous films were prepared at the air-water interface. The aligned FMTs film exhibited enhanced photoluminescence (PL) with PL intensity ～5 times higher than that of the pristine C70. Moreover, the aligned FMT film showed better photovoltaics properties compared with randomly oriented FMTs and pristine C70 film obtained from the spin coating. The compact, directional orientation and proper surface coverage of the FMT film enhanced the charge transport properties in the photovoltaic device.
关键词： Fullerene,Vortex-Alignment,Photovoltaics,Nanoarchitectonics,ULLIP,Air-Water Interface
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Infrared Laser Excitation to Study Transitions in Fullerene (C60) Molecule
摘要： Raman spectroscopy is the study of inelastic scattering of light. A Raman active sample should show a change in polarizability. It provides amongst other things, important information about the vibrational state of matter. Raman studies in scattering entails a sum of both creation and annihilation of photons and law of energy conservation applies to only the overall process and not to individual events. Infrared laser beam is a good choice for studying absorption and emission characteristics of fullerene molecule. The photo physical, photochemical and optical properties have already been studied in detail by many scientists. We intend to study the infrared laser induced characteristics of fullerene molecule. It is expected that laser interaction with C60 molecule can break the carbon bond, creating more free electrons resulting in formation of new compounds.
关键词： Fullerene molecule,Infrared laser,Photo physical,Inelastic scattering,Photochemical,Vibrational state
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Panchromatic organic photodetectors with SubPc as a non-fullerene acceptor
摘要： Panchromatic organic photodetectors are demonstrated with a lead phthalocyanine (PbPc)/boron subphthalocyanine (SubPc) planar heterojunction, where PbPc and SubPc acted as the donor and non-fullerene acceptor, respectively. Primary absorption bands of PbPc locate in ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) regions, while it is visible region for SubPc. As a result, the optimized device shows a wide response covered the wavelengths from UV to NIR with an external quantum ef?ciency of 10.9% at about 590 nm, which is attributed to the simultaneous dissociation of the photogenerated excitons in both PbPc and SubPc. Besides, the device also exhibits a detectivity higher than 1010 Jones in the wavelength ranged from 350 to 950 nm.
关键词： panchromatic photodetector,near-infrared,non-fullerene acceptor
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Influences of the terminal groups on the performances of asymmetric small molecule acceptors-based polymer solar cells
摘要： By altering the end-capping groups from 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile to 2-(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile and 2-(5,6-dichloro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile, three asymmetric non-fullerene electron-acceptors (T-TT, T-TT-4F, and T-TT-4Cl) containing thiophene–phenylene–thieno[3,2-b]thiophene fused-ring as the electron-donating core were synthesized. Although the three asymmetric molecules all have bent geometries, the di-fluorinated and di-chlorinated acceptors show bathochromically-shifted spectra, enhanced molar extinct coefficients, deepened molecular energy levels, and reduced dipole moments. When blending with a wide-bandgap polymer PM6 in inverted solar cells, the T-TT-based device exhibits the highest open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.966 V, while the T-TT-4Cl-based device has the biggest short-circuit current density (JSC) of 19.00 mA cm?2, and the T-TT-4F-based device possesses the best fill factor (FF) of 66.1%, a moderate VOC (0.859 V), and a medium JSC (18.48 mA cm?2). As a result of the above properties and parameters, the T-TT-4F- and T-TT-4Cl-based solar cells successfully achieved high power conversion efficiencies of 10.49% and 10.16%, in comparison with that of 9.70% for the T-TT-based device, illustrating the importance of the influences of the terminal groups on the performances of asymmetric small molecular acceptors-based polymer solar cells.
关键词： Polymer solar cells,Dipole moment,Asymmetric non-fullerene small molecules,End-capping group modifications
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Molecular Recognition and Band Alignment in 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks for Cocrystalline Organic Photovoltaics
摘要： Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as versatile, functional materials comprised of low-cost molecular building blocks. The permanent porosity, long-range order, and high surface area of 3D-COFs permit co-crystallization with other materials driven by supramolecular interactions. We designed a new subphthalocyanine-based 3-D covalent organic framework (NEUCOF1) capable of forming co-crystals with fullerene (C60) via periodic ball-and-socket binding motifs. The high co-crystalline surface area and long-range order of NEUCOF1 eliminates the typical surface area vs. structural order trade-off in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). We used plane-wave density functional theory (PBE) to minimize NEUCOF1 and NEUCOF1–C60 co-crystals and determine their electronic band structures. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed that dispersive interactions promoting co-crystallinity NEUCOF1–C60 are stable up to 350 K. The band structures at 0 and 350 K suggest that there is a driving force of 0.27 eV for exciton charge transfer to the pocket-bound fullerenes. Charge separation could then occur at the COF-C60 D-A interface, followed by the transfer of the free electron to the nanowire of C60 acceptors with a driving force of 0.20 eV.
关键词： fullerene,subphthalocyanine,co-crystallization,density functional theory,molecular dynamics,Covalent organic frameworks,organic photovoltaics
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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PCE11-based polymer solar cells with high efficiency over 13% achieved by room-temperature processing
摘要： With the emergence and rapid development of new non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs), bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells (BHJ-PSCs) have achieved high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) over 16%. Developing effective methods to fabricate high-performance thick-film PSCs is important to meet the requirements of the future roll-to-roll commercial production. PffBT4T-2OD (PCE11) as the most promising temperature-dependent aggregation (TDA) donor with high crystallinity has achieved high performance at high film thickness, which, however, needs at high processing temperature and is detrimental for practical production of large-area PSCs. We designed NFAs, ZITI-N-CH3, ZITI-N-C8H17, and ZITI-N-EH containing different side chains. Because of the excellent miscibility of the TDA-polymer PffBT4T-2OD and ZITI-N-R, the devices can be fabricated at room temperature, achieving a medium PCE of 8.78% for ZITI-N-CH3-based PSC, a high PCE of 12.13% for ZITI-N-C8H17-based PSC and a superior PCE of 13.07% for ZITI-N-EH-based PSC, which is attributed to the smallest domain size and highest crystallization for PffBT4T-2OD:ZITI-N-EH blend. The PCE of 13.07% is the highest among the TDA polymer-based PSCs, which can be maintained at 12.35% at the high thickness of 200 nm. This work provides an important guideline to develop high-performance thick-film TDA-polymer-based non-fullerene PSCs at mild processing conditions.
关键词： temperature-dependent aggregation,room-temperature processing,polymer solar cells,high efficiency,non-fullerene acceptors
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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?±-DTC <sub/>70</sub> fullerene performs significantly better than ?2-DTC70 as electron transporting material in perovskite solar cells
摘要： In this work, two new C70 isomers, α and β bis(2-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl)-C70-fullerene mono-adducts (DTC70), were synthesized, characterized and used as electron transporting materials (ETMs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Our results show that the α isomer improves both the Jsc and FF values of the devices, when compared to the results for the β-isomer and to those for phenyl-C70-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM), used as control. Devices based on α-DTC70 achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.9%, which is higher than that observed with PC71BM (15.1%).
关键词： perovskite solar cells,thiophene,Bingel adducts,fullerene derivatives,electron transporting materials
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59