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[IEEE 2019 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Angers, France (2019.7.9-2019.7.13)] 2019 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - A Materials Approach Toward the Mitigation of Nonlinearities in Glass Optical Fibers
摘要： Power scaling in high energy fiber-based laser systems is limited by optical nonlinearities. As opposed to the complex micro-structured large mode area (LMA) fibers typically developed to mitigate these parasitic nonlinear effects, the present work instead advocates another approach, a material approach, in which nonlinearities are mitigated through a judicious choice of dopants in the fiber core. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, multicomponent core – silica glass cladding optical fibers are fabricated using the molten core method and the role played by the glass dopants in the mitigation of nonlinearities discussed. More specifically, highlights are made on multicomponent alkaline-earth (Sr, Ca) doped-silica fibers exhibiting concomitant reduction of > 6 dB in the Brillouin gain coefficient, 1 – 2 dB in the Raman gain coefficient, and 2 – 3 dB in the thermo-optic coefficient relative to conventional silica fibers.
关键词： Brillouin scattering,Raman scattering,optical nonlinearities,optical fibers,multicomponent silicates,glass
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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The effect of 1540‐nm fractional erbium‐glass laser in the treatment of androgenic alopecia
摘要： Background: Androgenic alopecia is common, chronic dermatologic disorder. A variety of lasers and light sources appear to be safe and effective in the treatment of AGA. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 1540‐nm fractional erbium glass laser in the treatment of AGA. Patients/Methods: This was an interventional therapeutic study for the treatment of patients with AGA. The patients received 10 sessions with 1540‐nm fractional erbium glass laser at 2‐week intervals. The assessment of the response was done before and at the end of follow‐up period, both objectively (the change in the density of terminal hair and the diameter of the hair shaft) and subjectively (patient satisfaction). Any adverse effects were documented during the study. Results: Forty‐seven out of 51 patients completed the study. After 5 months of laser treatment, the density of hair and hair thickness was significantly increased in both males and females (P value .001). Conclusion: The 1540‐nm fractional erbium‐glass laser seems to be an effective and safe option for treatment of patients with AGA. The improvement was accomplished in a short period.
关键词： fractional,laser,1540 nm,androgenic alopecia,erbium‐glass
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Real-time observation of crack propagation and stress analysis during laser cutting of glass
摘要： Laser cutting of glass using a continuous-wave laser is attracting considerable attention because of its high processing speed and minimized generation of microcracks. During laser cutting of glass, a crack develops because of thermal stress and divides the glass plate. In this study, we observed crack propagation during laser cutting of glass in real time and found the distance between the crack tip and the laser irradiation position was 150 μm. Furthermore, we investigated the in?uence of the distance between the crack tip and the laser irradiation position on stress distribution and the stress condition necessary for crack growth. The results show the maximum principal stress at the crack tip increased as the distance between the crack tip and the laser irradiation position increased. In addition, we found that the crack developed when the maximum tensile stress of the crack tip reached 99 MPa. These results can be expected to enable the control of crack propagation and the estimation of appropriate processing conditions during laser cutting of glass.
关键词： laser,glass,cutting,finite element method,crack
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Room temperature synthesis of CsPbX3 (X?= Cl, Br, I) perovskite quantum dots by water-induced surface crystallization of glass
摘要： Currently, the mainstream method for preparing perovskite quantum dots in glass is a heat treatment method. Here, a new method for the preparation of CsPbX3 (X ? Cl, Br, I) quantum dots (QDs) by water-induced surface crystallization in tin ?uorophosphates glass has been developed. A plausible water-induced surface crystallization mechanism has been proposed, revealing that water can reduce the non-uniform nucleation barrier to induce crystallization. Through changing the ratio of Cl/Br/I halogen elements in the raw material, a whole-family of CsPbX3 QDs in tin ?uorophosphate glass can be obtained, covering the entire visible band from 414 nm to 713 nm. Besides, the proposed material technology may exert a vital role in the ?eld of anti-counterfeiting technology shortly.
关键词： Surface crystallization,Glass,Water-induced,CsPbX3
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Dynamical processes related to viscous flow in a supercooled arsenic selenide glass-forming liquid: Results from high-temperature 77Se NMR spectroscopy
摘要： Dynamical processes in supercooled AsSe9 liquid are studied using 1D and 2D 77Se NMR spectroscopic techniques. The results demonstrate the coexistence of two distinct dynamical processes: one is a slow process related to the chemical exchange between the various Se environments by bond scission/renewal and the other is the fast Se chain segmental motion, which leads to the rapid averaging of the chemical shift anisotropy. The timescales of these two processes become increasingly similar as the glass transition is approached from above. The slow process is found to be closely coupled to viscosity over the entire temperature range of investigation and its activation energy is consistent with the Se-Se/As bond energies. On the other hand, the activation energy of the fast process is significantly higher, which may be indicative of its cooperative nature. This process becomes coupled to viscosity only in the immediate vicinity of the glass transition.
关键词： Supercooled liquid,Relaxation,Chalcogenide,Viscous flow,Glass transition,NMR spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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A Refractive Index Sensor Based on a Fabry–Perot Interferometer Manufactured by NIR Laser Microdrilling and Electric Arc Fusion
摘要： In-line Fabry–Perot cavities manufactured by a new technique using electric arc fusion of NIR laser microdrilled optical fiber flat tips were studied herein for refractive index sensing. Sensors were produced by creating an initial hole on the tip of a standard single-mode telecommunication optical fiber using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. Laser ablation and plasma formation processes created 5 to 10 micron cavities. Then, a standard splicing machine was used to fuse the microdrilled fiber with another one, thus creating cavities with lengths around 100 micrometers. This length has been proven to be necessary to obtain an interferometric signal with good fringe visibility when illuminating it in the C-band. Then, the sensing tip of the fiber, with the resulting air cavity, was submitted to several cleaves to enhance the signal and, therefore, its response as a sensor, with final lengths between tens of centimeters for the longest and hundreds of microns for the shortest. The experimental results were analyzed via two signal analysis techniques, fringe visibility and fast Fourier transform, for comparison purposes. In absolute values, the obtained sensitivities varied between 0.31 nm?1/RIU and about 8 nm?1/RIU using the latter method and between about 34 dB/RIU and 54 dB/RIU when analyzing the fringe visibility.
关键词： fiber sensors,glass ablation,Fabry–Perot interferometer,microdrilling,Nd:YAG laser manufacturing
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Crafting Interior Holes on Chemically Strengthened Thin Glass Based on Ultrafast Laser Ablation and Thermo-Shock Crack Propagations
摘要： To prevent glass cracking from external mechanical damages, chemically strengthened glass is usually employed. The cutting of strengthened glass becomes critical due to their residual tensile stress induced in the inner core of the display unit of mobile communication and computational devices. This method integrates picosecond laser ablation with quenching induced thermo-shock for accomplishing such a task. Essential analyses are performed based on fracture mechanics and finite element method to provide the scientific basis of such an approach. Experimental results indicate that with a proper temperature control, the proposed method could achieve successful separations for various enclosed shapes with the associated surface roughness satisfying the requirement.
关键词： thermo-shock,Glass,picosecond laser ablation,Packaging
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Performance study of a new type of transmissive concentrating system for solar photovoltaic glass curtain wall
摘要： There are many problems in Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) system, such as contradiction between daylighting and electricity generation, unable to match the demand of light control, need to constantly adjust angle for tracking, and so on. A new type of transmissive concentrating system for glass curtain wall is proposed which can improve the performance of solar photovoltaic glass curtain wall. The concentrating characteristic was studied by a series of comprehensive simulation and experiment. The optical software is used to simulate the influence of concentrating characteristics in different incident angles. Compared with solid and trapezoidal structure compound parabolic collector, the concentrating performance of hollow with water structure is also simulated. Simulation results shown that the receiving rate of hollow with water compound parabolic collector is changing slowly when incidence angle is increasing between 0 and 20°, and it can achieve 70% when the incidence angle less than 20°, and it is better than other concentrator with different cross section shapes. Based on simulation results, the experimental samples were processed and tested in a typical sunny weather. The experimental results were in good agreement with the simulation results. The system had a minimum transmittance of 28.2% at noon, but before 9:40 AM and after 15:40 PM, the transmittance exceeds 55% and can meet lighting requirements of rooms. It can be proved that the new system has passive light control function, which is expected to replace the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall that is widely used nowadays.
关键词： Glass curtain wall,Solar energy,Building integrated photovoltaics,Light control,Transmissive concentrating
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Microwelding of glass to silicon by green ultrafast laser pulses
摘要： In the present work, a direct bond between glass and silicon with optical contact was formed by 515 nm picosecond laser controlled by the galvanometer scanning system. A crack-free welding effect without edge breakage and residues was obtained with breaking strength as high as 122 MPa. New crystalline phase (SiO2) was produced and silicon and oxygen have a spatial distribution gradient in the welding area analyzed by XRD and EDS, respectively, revealing that mixing and inter-diffusion of substances have occurred during laser irradiation. The transmission of near infrared light in the welding area is significantly increased compared with the non-welding area analyzed by inverted microscope. A confocal laser scanning microscope was used to observe the morphology and width of welds, which variation trend of axial focal positions is consistent with the teardrop structure produced by nonlinear absorption effect. Scanning speeds and laser repetition frequencies also affect the width and morphology of the weld.
关键词： Silicon,Glass,Microwelding,Ultrafast laser
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Optical temperature sensing of Eu3+-doped oxyhalide glasses containing CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots
摘要： A new strategy for optical thermometer with high sensitivity was developed herein by employing exciton recombination of CsPbBr3 quantum dots as temperature detecting signal and 4f→4f transition Eu3t ions as reference one. A series of structural and spectroscopic characterizations confirmed that CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots were successfully precipitated and Eu3t doping activators remained in glass matrix. Benefited from their completely different thermal-quenching behaviors, fluorescence intensity ratio of exciton recombination and Eu3t emission in nanocomposite exhibited excellent temperature sensing property in the temperature ranging from 93 K to 383 K. The maximum absolute and relative temperature sensitivity can reach as high as 0.0224 K-1 and 2.25% K-1, respectively. We believe that this work will exploit an effective pathway for developing innovative non-contact optical thermometric materials.
关键词： Glass,Perovskite quantum dots,Eu3t,Temperature sensing,CsPbBr3
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04