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[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Applied Engineering (ICAE) - Batam, Indonesia (2018.10.3-2018.10.4)] 2018 International Conference on Applied Engineering (ICAE) - An Integrated Comparative Approach to Estimating Forest Aboveground Carbon Stock Using Advanced Remote Sensing Technologies
摘要： Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere play a very important role in maintaining the temperature of the earth. Plants absorb carbon in the atmosphere in the form of CO2 which is beneficial for photosynthesis which will produce O2 into the atmosphere. By utilizing remote sensing technology and field data integration, this research aims to estimating aboveground carbon reserves in the research area. The results of this research indicate that the above ground carbon stock resulting from estimation calculations using remote sensing data and field calculations using brown allometric are 103,397 TonC / Ha with an error rate of 1,8354. This error level indicates the size of the error in the estimated value of each pixel.
关键词： Carbon Stock,Batam Island,Temperature,Remote Sensing Data,Greenhouse Gases
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapour Fluxes of a Alkaline Fen and Their Dependence on Reflectance
摘要： This study shows results of parallel measurements of greenhouse gases fluxes (carbon dioxide and water vapour) and canopy reflectance of alkaline fen. Fluxes were measured using eddy-covariance technique on micrometeorological station located in the Upper Biebrza Basin (NE Poland) in Rogo?ynek Village. Study site is located in the Biebrza National Park which was established to protect one of the biggest coherent lowland wetland area in the Central Europe. Statistical relations of reflectance and spectral indices with fluxes were calculated based on measurements during two growing season (2015 and 2016). Four types of functions were examined: linear, quadratic, exponential and logarithmic and for two timestamps: half-hour and day. The correlation between carbon dioxide fluxes and reflectance is better than for water vapour fluxes. For both carbon dioxide and water vapour we obtained higher correlations coefficients using selected spectral indices than using reflectance and higher correlations for daily timestamp than for half-hour fluxes.
关键词： greenhouse gases,eddy-covariance technique,spectral indices,Biebrza River valley,wetland
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Near-infrared remote sensing of Los Angeles trace gas distributions from a mountaintop site
摘要： The Los Angeles basin is a significant anthropogenic source of major greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) and the pollutant CO, contributing significantly to regional and global climate change. We present a novel approach for monitoring the spatial and temporal distributions of greenhouse gases in the Los Angeles basin using a high-resolution spectroscopic remote sensing technique. A new Fourier transform spectrometer called CLARS-FTS has been deployed since May, 2010, at Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)'s California Laboratory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing (CLARS) on Mt. Wilson, California, for automated long-term measurements of greenhouse gases. The instrument design and performance of CLARS-FTS are presented. From its mountaintop location at an altitude of 1673 m, the instrument points at a programmed sequence of ground target locations in the Los Angeles basin, recording spectra of reflected near-IR solar radiation. Column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of greenhouse gases (XGHG) including XCO2, XCH4, and XCO are retrieved several times per day for each target. Spectra from a local Spectralon? scattering plate are also recorded to determine background (free tropospheric) column abundances above the site. Comparisons between measurements from LA basin targets and the Spectralon? plate provide estimates of the boundary layer partial column abundances of the measured species. Algorithms are described for transforming the measured interferograms into spectra, and for deriving column abundances from the spectra along with estimates of the measurement precision and accuracy. The CLARS GHG measurements provide a means to infer relative, and possibly absolute, GHG emissions.
关键词： column abundances,remote sensing,greenhouse gases,Fourier transform spectrometer,Los Angeles basin
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Profiling wind and greenhouse gases by infrared-laser occultation: results from end-to-end simulations in windy air
摘要： The new mission concept of microwave and infrared-laser occultation between low-Earth-orbit satellites (LMIO) is designed to provide accurate and long-term stable profiles of atmospheric thermodynamic variables, greenhouse gases (GHGs), and line-of-sight (l.o.s.) wind speed with focus on the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). While the unique quality of GHG retrievals enabled by LMIO over the UTLS has been recently demonstrated based on end-to-end simulations, the promise of l.o.s. wind retrieval, and of joint GHG and wind retrieval, has not yet been analyzed in any realistic simulation setting. Here we use a newly developed l.o.s. wind retrieval algorithm, which we embedded in an end-to-end simulation framework that also includes the retrieval of thermodynamic variables and GHGs, and analyze the performance of both stand-alone wind retrieval and joint wind and GHG retrieval. The wind algorithm utilizes LMIO laser signals placed on the inflection points at the wings of the highly symmetric C18OO absorption line near 4767 cm?1 and exploits transmission differences from a wind-induced Doppler shift. Based on realistic example cases for a diversity of atmospheric conditions, ranging from tropical to high-latitude winter, we find that the retrieved l.o.s. wind profiles are of high quality over the lower stratosphere under all conditions, i.e., unbiased and accurate to within about 2 m s?1 over about 15 to 35 km. The wind accuracy degrades into the upper troposphere due to the decreasing signal-to-noise ratio of the wind-induced differential transmission signals. The GHG retrieval in windy air is not vulnerable to wind speed uncertainties up to about 10 m s?1 but is found to benefit in the case of higher speeds from the integrated wind retrieval that enables correction of wind-induced Doppler shift of GHG signals. Overall both the l.o.s. wind and GHG retrieval results are strongly encouraging towards further development and implementation of a LMIO mission.
关键词： greenhouse gases,Doppler shift,microwave and infrared-laser occultation,line-of-sight wind speed,upper troposphere and lower stratosphere
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Metal Oxides in Energy Technologies || Solar-driven fuel production by metal-oxide thermochemical cycles
摘要： Nowadays, the need to reduce anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases due to combustion of fossil fuels causing the increase of global average surface air temperatures and the need to meet an expanding global energy demand are the most pressing challenges faced by mankind [1, 2]. Solar energy, which is clean, renewable, plentiful, and distributed, offers an intelligent solution to both challenges [1]. One promising approach to harvest and store solar energy is the production of synthetic fuels, that is, solar-driven fuel, via high-temperature thermochemical processes. Solar-driven fuel has significant advantages for long-time storage and/or long-distance transportation of energy [3, 4]. It not only is an appealing supplement or alternative to fossil fuels, but also has the potential to alleviate concerns environment, security, and price volatility, which are associated with the production, transportation, and consumption of fossil fuels, especially imported petroleum [5].
关键词： Solar-driven fuel production,energy demand,metal-oxide thermochemical cycles,solar energy,synthetic fuels,greenhouse gases
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Fourier transform spectrometer measurements of column CO<sub>2</sub> at Sodankyl?, Finland
摘要： Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) observations at Sodankyl?, Finland (67.4? N, 26.6? E) have been performed since early 2009. The FTS instrument is participating in the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) and has been optimized to measure abundances of the key greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Sodankyl? is the only TCCON station in the Fennoscandia region. Here we report the measured CO2 time series over a 7-year period (2009–2015) and provide a description of the FTS system and data processing at Sodankyl?. We ?nd the lowest monthly column CO2 values in August and the highest monthly values during the February–May season. Inter-annual variability is the highest in the June–September period, which correlates with the growing season. During the time period of FTS measurements from 2009 to 2015, we have observed a 2.2 ± 0.2 ppm increase per year in column CO2. The monthly mean column CO2 values have exceeded 400 ppm level for the ?rst time in February 2014.
关键词： CO2,Sodankyl?,TCCON,Fourier transform spectrometer,greenhouse gases
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Accurate mobile remote sensing of XCO<sub>2</sub> and XCH<sub>4</sub> latitudinal transects from aboard a research vessel
摘要： A portable Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS), model EM27/SUN, was deployed onboard the research vessel Polarstern to measure the column-average dry air mole fractions of carbon dioxide (XCO2) and methane (XCH4) by means of direct sunlight absorption spectrometry. We report on technical developments as well as data calibration and reduction measures required to achieve the targeted accuracy of fractions of a percent in retrieved XCO2 and XCH4 while operating the instrument under field conditions onboard the moving platform during a 6-week cruise on the Atlantic from Cape Town (South Africa, 34? S, 18? E; 5 March 2014) to Bremerhaven (Germany, 54? N, 19? E; 14 April 2014). We demonstrate that our solar tracker typically achieved a tracking precision of better than 0.05? toward the center of the sun throughout the ship cruise which facilitates accurate XCO2 and XCH4 retrievals even under harsh ambient wind conditions. We define several quality filters that screen spectra, e.g., when the field of view was partially obstructed by ship structures or when the lines-of-sight crossed the ship exhaust plume. The measurements in clean oceanic air, can be used to characterize a spurious air-mass dependency. After the campaign, deployment of the spectrometer alongside the TCCON (Total Carbon Column Observing Network) instrument at Karlsruhe, Germany, allowed for determining a calibration factor that makes the entire campaign record traceable to World Meteorological Organization (WMO) standards. Comparisons to observations of the GOSAT satellite and concentration fields modeled by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) demonstrate that the observational setup is well suited to provide validation opportunities above the ocean and along interhemispheric transects.
关键词： solar tracker,EM27/SUN,atmospheric greenhouse gases,XCO2,XCH4,Fourier transform spectrometer,shipborne measurements
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14