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Comparison of UV-AOPs (UV/H2O2, UV/PDS and UV/Chlorine) for TOrC removal from municipal wastewater effluent and optical surrogate model evaluation
摘要： UV-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been widely explored to remove organic contaminants from water streams. In this lab-scale study, the removal of 17 trace organic chemicals (TOrCs) by UV/H2O2, UV/PDS and UV/Chlorine was investigated at equimolar radical promoter concentrations in municipal wastewater. Direct comparison of the UV-AOPs was conducted with eight TOrCs being resistant to direct oxidation by H2O2, PDS and chlorine and revealed a general oxidation performance following the order of UV/Chlorine > UV/H2O2 ≈ UV/PDS while UV/PDS and UV/Chlorine exhibited higher compound selectivity than UV/H2O2. However, although oxidation performance of UV/Chlorine is outstanding in comparison of the three UV-AOPs, it has to be noted that oxidation byproduct (OBP) formation potential might be substantially higher during both UV/PDS and UV/Chlorine compared to UV/H2O2 which was not investigated in this study. Evaluating potential optical surrogates to predict trace organic chemical (TOrCs) removal in UV-AOPs, nine parameters were selected representing chromophore and fluorophore features of DOM including components derived by parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) of excitation-emission matrices. UV absorbance (UVA), total fluorescence (TF) and the selected fluorescence peak P_IV revealed highest linear correlation coefficients and were therefore identified as surrogates representing underlying mechanistic reactions of each UV-AOP. As none of the surrogates directly reacted with UV irradiation, slopes of surrogate-indicator correlations for photo-susceptible TOrCs decreased towards higher oxidant dosages. Correlations for these compounds should therefore only be determined for a limited range of oxidant dosage.
关键词： UV/HOCl,surrogate model.,UV/H2O2,wastewater,UV/PDS,trace organic chemicals
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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A ratiometric fluorescent probe for lysosomal hypochlorous acid based on through-bond energy transfer strategy
摘要： In this paper, we synthesized a ratiometric fluorescence probe (IRh-Ly) for lysosomal hypochlorous acid (HOCl) by adopting a through-bond energy transfer (TBET) strategy on rhodamine-imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine platform. IRh-Ly showed brilliant selectivity, rapid response for HOCl. The probe also exhibited high sensitivity with the detection limit calculated to be 10.2 nM. Moreover, we demonstrated its successful application of detecting lysosomal HOCl in living RAW264.7 cells. Notably, the morpholine was integrated into the fluorescent probe IRh-Ly and the results revealed that IRh-Ly could target lysosome and detect the lysosomal HOCl. All the unique features made IRh-Ly particularly suitable for ratiometric HOCl detection and bio-imaging applications.
关键词： Through-bond energy transfer,HOCl,Lysosomal,Ratiometric,Fluorescent probe
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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A highly specific and ultrasensitive p-aminophenylether-based fluorescent probe for imaging native HOCl in live cells and zebrafish
摘要： It is very important to detect native hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in the complex biosystems owing to the important roles of HOCl in the immune defense and the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. In this paper, a new p-aminophenylether-based fluorescent probe PAPE-HA was developed for specific detection of HOCl. Probe PAPE-HA could implement the quantitative detection of HOCl ranging from 0 to 1 μM and the detection limit was obtained as low as 1.37 nM. Additionally, probe PAPE-HA could reach a rapid response for HOCl (< 2 min). Importantly, probe PAPE-HA with preeminent specificity and ultrasensitivity was proven to possess powerful capability of tracking native HOCl in live cells and zebrafish, and we thus anticipate that probe PAPE-HA could be used as a novel promising tool for revealing diverse cellular functions of HOCl.
关键词： hydroxynaphthalimide,hypochlorous acid (HOCl),Fluorescent probe,p-aminophenylether,bioimaging
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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A smart approach toward rhodamine spiro-ring derivatives sensing platform for lysosome-targetable imaging applications
摘要： As acidic organelles (pH 4.0-5.5) in living cells, lysosomes play key roles in numerous cellular biological processes, and associate with diverse diseases. Small molecular probes based fluorescence imaging techniques capable of providing information on target analytes in lysosomes are highly appreciated. Herein, for the first time we propose a new strategy of constructing pH-independent rhodamine based spiro-ring platform for lysosomal imaging applications. As a proof of concept, by incorporating lysosome specific moiety morpholine, a thio-lactone rhodamine analogue HN4MS for HOCl with high sensitivity, high selectivity and fast response at lysosomal pH value was developed. Moreover, possessing ability of imaging in lysosome organelles, the new probe was successfully applied to visualize exogenous and endogenous HOCl in living cells and tissues, which verified the present avenue for expansion of organelle targetable imaging tools.
关键词： Spiro-ring,Imaging,Fluorescent probe,Lysosome-targetable,HOCl
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Responsive Upconversion Nanoprobe for Background‐Free Hypochlorous Acid Detection and Bioimaging
摘要： Responsive nanoprobes play an important role in bioassay and bioimaging, early diagnosis of diseases and treatment monitoring. Herein, a upconversional nanoparticle (UCNP)-based nanoprobe, Ru@UCNPs, for specific sensing and imaging of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is reported. This Ru@UCNP nanoprobe consists of two functional components, i.e., NaYF4:Yb, Tm UCNPs that can convert near infrared light-to-visible light as the energy donor, and a HOCl-responsive ruthenium(II) complex [Ru(bpy)2(DNCH-bpy)](PF6)2 (Ru-DNPH) as the energy acceptor and also the upconversion luminescence (UCL) quencher. Within this luminescence resonance energy transfer nanoprobe system, the UCL OFF–ON emission is triggered specifically by HOCl. This triggering reaction enables the detection of HOCl in aqueous solution and biological systems. As an example of applications, the Ru@UCNPs nanoprobe is loaded onto test papers for semiquantitative HOCl detection without any interference from the background fluorescence. The application of Ru@UCNPs for background-free detection and visualization of HOCl in cells and mice is successfully demonstrated. This research has thus shown that Ru@UCNPs is a selective HOCl-responsive nanoprobe, providing a new way to detect HOCl and a new strategy to develop novel nanoprobes for in situ detection of various biomarkers in cells and early diagnosis of animal diseases.
关键词： imaging,nanoprobes,paper-based test strips,bioassay and bioimaging,luminescence resonance energy transfer,selective HOCl detection and imaging
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14