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Double Twisted Photonic Honeycomb Frameworks with Mesoporous Structures
摘要： In nature, materials such as shell, bone, silk, and wood are assembled with hierarchical structures that span lengths from nanometers to centimeters. These biological materials are fascinating targets for replication and mimicry, often owing to their remarkable properties. The intricate and periodic structure of the snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) exoskeleton that renders it iridescent is described here. It is discovered that the snow crab has a double twisted photonic honeycomb structure constructed by left-handed rotation of chitin nanofibrils around cavities throughout its shell. This new chiral framework provides a foundation for exploring chiral photonics and materials. With the goal of mimicking this intricate network, the iridescent mineralized chitin shell is successfully transferred to calcite, carbon, apatite, and fluorapatite/chitin materials with structural replication. It is shown that the sophisticated organization of the iridescent crab shell leads these new materials to have a distinctive macroscopic combination of multilevel chirality, honeycomb channels, and mesoporosity. These solid-state transformations of snow crab exoskeletons will open the path to making complex hierarchical frameworks of functional porous materials through bioinspired templating.
关键词： honeycomb,coloration,biomimicry,chirality,structural order
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Systematic investigations on the effect of prolong UV illumination on optoelectronic properties of ZnO honeycomb nanostructures
摘要： Herein, the effect of prolong UV illumination over ZnO optoelectronic characteristics has been investigated. The photoluminescence analysis has shown significant enhancement in deep level emission (DLE) after sample being exposed to UV radiations. The formation of photo-induced oxygen vacancies (VO) over the ZnO surface was found to be responsible for such noteworthy enhancement in DLE. The observed phenomenon was further utilized for controlled incorporation of VO in ZnO via UV illumination, towards obtaining optimal device performance. The UV treated photo-detector has shown significantly high photo-responsivity and photo-sensitivity in the deep UV region.
关键词： Zinc oxide,Honeycomb structure,Deep UV photodetector,XRD,Lattice defects
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Analysis and Modeling of White Graphene Physical Properties for Sensor Applications
摘要： White graphene as a two-dimensional material has honeycomb lattice which is comprised of boron and nitrogen atoms. Its mechanical properties are similar to graphene, but its electrical properties are different because it has a large bandgap about 5.5 eV. Moreover, relaxation time plays a key role in its properties that affects on the electron transfer speed in this material. The white graphene is an insulator, but its dielectric polarization does not depend on the electric ?eld and also any external stress cannot change linear response of relaxation. In this research, some physical properties of white graphene and its relaxation time are investigated and modeled. Finally, acceptable results are reported which bring new hopes for the replacement of silicon oxide with white graphene as a one-monolayer insulator in future sensors applications.
关键词： Honeycomb lattice,Graphene,Bandgap,Two-dimensional materials,White graphene
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Interventional Photothermal Therapy Enhanced Brachytherapy: A New Strategy to Fight Deep Pancreatic Cancer
摘要： Photothermal–radiotherapy (PT–RT) is an effective strategy for relieving hypoxia-related radiotherapy resistance and inducing tumor-specific cell apoptosis/necrosis. Nevertheless, limited tissue penetration of near-infrared (NIR) laser and the serious side effects of high-dose radiation severely hinder its applications for deep tumors. An interventional photothermal–brachytherapy (IPT–BT) technology is proposed here for the internal site-specific treatment of deep tumors. This technology utilizes a kind of biodegradable honeycomb-like gold nanoparticles (HGNs) acting as both internal photothermal agents and radiosensitizers. A high tumor inhibition rate of 96.6% is achieved in SW1990 orthotopic pancreatic tumor-bearing mice by HGNs-mediated IPT–BT synergistic therapy. Interestingly, this approach effectively causes double-stranded DNA damage and improves the oxygen supply and the penetration of nanoparticles inside the tumor. Therefore, it is believed that this strategy may open up a new avenue for PT–RT synergistic therapy of deep malignant tumors and has a significant impact on the future clinical translation.
关键词： photothermal therapy,pancreatic cancer,biodegradable,interventional,brachytherapy,honeycomb-like gold
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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High frequency electromagnetic energy phenomena in chiral dielectric structures with distributed and localized conductive insertions
摘要： Chiral dielectric structures with conductive insertions have the tendency to peculiarly concentrate the electromagnetic energy, subject to their specific architecture. The study analyses the associated heating effect at high transmission levels at GHz frequency, for the applications related to electromagnetic shielding. The favorable shielding structure can suffer, in well defined situations, a mechanical stress and/or an acceleration of aging mechanisms.
关键词： Numerical analysis,Electrical properties,Honeycomb,Thermal analysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Photonic band structure in a 2D honeycomb lattice of triangular holes
摘要： In this study, we calculate the photonic band structure for a honeycomb two-dimensional photonic crystal lattice composed triangular holes embedded in GaAs. We assume that the GaAs dielectric function depends on the applied hydrostatic pressure and temperature. The plane wave expansion method is used to calculate the PBS for transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations. At constant temperature, we find that if the hydrostatic pressure increases, the PBS for both polarizations shifts to higher energies without modifying the gap width. On removing a triangular hole from the structure, both gap position and width remain unchanged for TM polarizations with the presence of a defective band whose energy is tuned to pressure increases.
关键词： Triangular holes,Plane wave expansion method,Honeycomb lattice,Photonic crystal
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Smart NIR-Light-Mediated Nanotherapeutic Agents for Enhancing Tumor Accumulation and Overcoming Hypoxia in Synergistic Cancer Therapy
摘要： The efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) still shows limited success in clinical application due to hypoxia in the solid tumor, low tumor accumulation and limited light penetration depth of photosensitizers (PS). The previously reported MnO2-based nanotherapeutic agents always required intratumoral injection or complex targeting modification process to improve the therapeutic efficacy. Herein, new MnO2-based nanotherapeutic agents (honeycomb MnO2/IR780/BSA nanoparticles, HMIB NPs) are designed and prepared to achieve excellent phototherapeutic performance characterized by NIR-light-mediation, deep diffusion via TME response and O2 self-supply. The ex vivo and in vivo NIR fluorescence imaging results demonstrate that the honeycomb nanostructure of HMIB NPs facilitates the high tumor accumulation of hydrophobic IR780 via enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect after intravenous injection. The immunofluorescence results demonstrate that the TME response of HMIB NPs not only provides O2 for relieving hypoxia but also reduces size for improving deep intratumoral diffusion. As a result, under the synergy of NIR fluorescence imaging, photothermal effect and PDT of IR780 with TME responsive size-change and O2 self-supply of honeycomb MnO2, the HMIB NPs have achieved all-in-one NIR fluorescence and photothermal dual-model imaging guided synergistic PDT/PTT under a single-wavelength NIR light irradiation.
关键词： nanotherapeutic agents,tumor microenvironment responsive degradation,photodynamic therapy,hypoxia,honeycomb manganese dioxide
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Field dependence of THz spectra of effective models for <i>α</i> -RuCl <sub/>3</sub>
摘要： We calculate polarized terahertz (THz) spectra of two effective models for a honeycomb-lattice magnet α-RuCl3 by using a numerical exact-diagonalization method. One of the two models is the ab initio model proposed in H.-S. Kim and H.-Y. Kee [Phys. Rev. B 93, 155143 (2016)] and the other is the large-|K| model that we have proposed by an empirical way in order to explain experimental results for α-RuCl3. We discuss the magnetic-?eld dependence of the lowest-excitation mode in the polarized THz spectra for the two models. We ?nd that the energy gap of the lowest-excitation mode in both models does not close and increases almost linearly above the critical ?eld, where the zigzag order is suppressed. From the obtained results, we point out that the low-energy excitation is mainly governed not by the Kitaev interaction but by the Heisenberg interaction and the off-diagonal interactions.
关键词： exact-diagonalization method,honeycomb-lattice magnet,α-RuCl3,THz spectra,Heisenberg interaction,Kitaev interaction
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Microstructure and properties of honeycomb composite films containing Eu and Sn
摘要： Honeycomb composite films were prepared by breath figure method via a straightforward, one-step process by doping complex containing Eu or Sn into polystyrene-b-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA) solution. Several influencing factors, such as the concentration of the block polymer solution, the relative humidity of the environment and the amount of complexes, were investigated to control micropore size and tune film surface properties. The characteristics of the composite films were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet and emission spectra. Results indicate that composite films containing Eu have excellent optical performance, and micro-patterned bowl-like SnO2 microparticles could be fabricated from composite films containing Sn after being calcined at 600 °C for 5 h. This general approach for the fabrication of honeycomb composite films opens a convenient and effective route to the functional modification of honeycomb films and offers new prospects for the application in miniaturized sensors, micro-reactor and catalysis.
关键词： Complex containing Eu,Breath figure method,Honeycomb composite film,Tin dioxide,Microstructure
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Nanostructuring of honeycomb-like polystyrene with excimer laser
摘要： This paper is aimed on the construction of honeycomb like patterns (HCP) with defined dimensions of pores on activated solid-state substrate. Dip coating technique with improved phase separation was used for pattern preparation, subsequent nanostructuring was realized with an excimer laser. Polystyrene patterns were prepared on perfluorethylenepropylene, which were subsequently treated with laser wavelength 248 nm. The main goal was to prepare honeycomb like pattern and by interaction of such microstructure with an excimer laser to prepare superposed structure. This idea was fully fulfilled, uniform micropattern on perfluorinated polymer was prepared, with several laser fluences and number of pulses to be tested subsequently. Optimal conditions of KrF exposure were determined to be 6000 pulses and interval of laser treatment from 8 to 16 mJ.cm?2, by this combination of input parameters a superposed globular nanostructure was constructed on honeycomb-like polystyrene microstructure. Surface wettability, morphology and chemistry of nanopatterned microstructures were changed significantly, oxygen concentration of treated substrates was significantly increased. Particular stages of globular pattern formation were studied and described in detail by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, EDS/EDX and XPS analysis. Elemental mapping was applied for detailed analysis of prepared superposed pattern.
关键词： Excimer laser,Perfluorethylenepropylene,Polymer,Polystyrene,Honeycomb pattern,Nanostructure
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57