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Novel hydrothermal route for synthesis of photoactive Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 nanocrystalline thin film: efficient photovoltaic performance
摘要： This work reports single-step deposition of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) nanocrystalline film via simple and non-toxic hydrothermal route. The hydrothermal growth of CZTSSe multinary nanocrystalline film formation based on Ostwald ripening law which results in highly oriented nanocrystalline nanoflakes. The UV–Vis spectroscopy illustrates that maximum absorption was observed in the range of 650–700 nm with band gap energy of 1.48 eV. Structural studies confirm the formation of pure-phase kesterite crystal structure. Further, Raman shift at 174 cm?1, 196 cm?1 and 236 cm?1 shows A1 mode of vibration corresponding to kesterite structure. Densely packed and compact nanoflake formation was observed in SEM studies. Compositional analysis confirms the stoichiometric film formation with expected valence states of CZTSSe stoichiometry: Cu+, Zn2+, Sn4+, S2? and Se2?. The photoelectrochemical cell performance of CZTSSe film photoelectrode was investigated using simple two-electrode system. In dark condition, J–V measurement demonstrates semiconductor behavior and under illumination shows generation of photocurrent of 3.64 mA/cm2 at a photovoltage of 400 mV. The CZTSSe films show photoconversion efficiency (η) of 3.41%, indicating that the hydrothermally grown CZTSSe photocathode is a promising material for film solar cell technology. Electron impedance spectroscopy illustrated generation of charge transport resistance of 465 Ω.
关键词： Hydrothermal route,Photovoltaic performance,Cu2ZnSn(S,Nanocrystalline film,Se)4
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Facile designing and assessment of photovoltaic performance of hydrothermally grown kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films: Influence of deposition time
摘要： Herein, low cost precursor source Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystalline thin films at various reaction time were successfully synthesized via one step hydrothermal route. Hydrothermal route was employed to achieve control over the size and grain growth of CZTS films. As deposited CZTS films were analyzed for its optoelectronic, structural, morphological and electrochemical properties to investigate the effect of hydrothermal reaction time on growth and photovoltaic performance. The hydrothermal synthesis promoted to high absorption (104 cm?1) of the CZTS film with a decrease in optical band gap energy from 1.52 eV to 1.41 eV. Structural study revealed that, improved crystallinity with A1 mode of vibration for pure phase kesterite CZTS structure. Morphological transition was observed from nanograins to well grown and compact nanospheres. Compositional analysis illustrates, stoichiometric CZTS film formation with the desired valence state of Cu+, Zn2+, Sn4+ and S2? elements. Current density-voltage (J-V) measurement of FTO/CZTS/(0.3 M Eu3+/Eu2+)/Graphite cell configuration shows, highest photocurrent of 2.60 mA/cm2 and open circuit voltage of 754 mV was observed for CZTS4 sample with best photoconversion efficiency (η) 3.21% under illumination of 30 mW/cm2 light intensity. Electron impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that, generation of lower charge transfer resistance (Rct) with increase in reaction time.
关键词： Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell,Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films,Electron impedance spectroscopy,Hydrothermal route
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Unique 1D/3D K <sub/>2</sub> Ti <sub/>6</sub> O <sub/>13</sub> /TiO <sub/>2</sub> micro-nano heteroarchitectures: controlled hydrothermal crystal growth and enhanced photocatalytic performance for water purification
摘要： Semiconductor photocatalysis towards pollutant degradation driven by solar energy is regarded as a promising technology to solve global energy and environmental problems. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) TiO2 microflowers (MFs) were hybridized with one-dimensional (1D) K2Ti6O13 nanobelts (NBs) to construct novel hierarchical Ti–O-based micro-nano heteroarchitectures (HAs) using a controlled hydrothermal route. The well-developed TiO2 MFs were featured with their petals consisting of several 1D nanostructures with the width of around 100–200 nm. Particularly, the crystal growth mechanism of the unique 1D/3D K2Ti6O13/TiO2 HAs was proposed based on the time-dependent experiments combined with structural and morphological characterizations. Unexpectedly, the optimized K2Ti6O13/TiO2 composites exhibited much higher photocatalytic performance for the degradation of organic dyes and antibiotics under simulated sunlight irradiation, which was more than 2-folds higher than that of single K2Ti6O13 and TiO2 catalysts. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of K2Ti6O13/TiO2 composites for dye degradation was higher than that of commercial P25 under visible light irradiation (λ > 400 nm). Apart from the advantages of hierarchical micro-nano HAs in improving light adsorption and surface area, the enhanced photocatalytic properties could be particularly attributed to the formation of K2Ti6O13/TiO2 heterojunctions that offered available interfacial channels for charge transfer and separation, as proved by the photoluminescence and photoelectrochemical measurements. Furthermore, good stability and long-term durability of the composite photocatalysts were also determined by cycling tests, mainly resulting from the tightly combined K2Ti6O13/TiO2 heterostructures. This work can be extended to design other hierarchical TiO2-based micro-nano hybrids with superior photocatalytic properties for environmental purification and solar energy conversion.
关键词： photocatalytic performance,K2Ti6O13 nanobelts,water purification,Semiconductor photocatalysis,TiO2 microflowers,micro-nano heteroarchitectures,hydrothermal route
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52