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Improving performance and stability of planar perovskite solar cells through grain boundary passivation with block copolymer
摘要： Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) exhibit excellent photovoltaic performance but suffer from instabilities against moisture and heat due to the inherent hydroscopic nature and volatility of their organic components. Herein, we report that employing block copolymer F127 as the passivation reagent in conjunction with solvent annealing process can efficiently improve the performance and stability of corresponding organic-inorganic PSCs. It is anticipated that the hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) tails of F127 polymers connect with contiguous perovskite crystals and passivate defects at perovskite grain boundaries, whereas the dangling hydrophobic poly(phenyl oxide) centers suppress perovskite decomposition caused by moisture and heat. After the optimization of the F127 additive, the planar PSCs with champion power conversion efficiencies of 21.01% and 18.71% were achieved on rigid and flexible substrates, respectively. The F127 passivation strategy provides an effective approach for fabricating high-efficiency and stable PSCs.
关键词： flexible solar cells,block copolymer,perovskite solar cells,interface passivation,stability
更新于2025-10-22 19:40:53
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Efficiency Enhancement of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 Solar Cells by Indium-doped CdS Buffer Layer
摘要： Improving power conversion efficiency of photovoltaic devices has been widely investigated, however, most of researches mainly focus on the modification of the absorber layer. Here, we present an approach to enhance the efficiency of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGSSe) thin-film solar cells simply by tuning the CdS buffer layer. The CdS buffer layer was deposited by chemical bath deposition. Indium doping was done during the growth process by adding InCl3 into the growing aqueous solution. We show that the solar cell efficiency is increased by properly Indium doping. Based on the characteristics of the single CdS (with or without In-doping) layer and of the CIGSSe/CdS interface, we conclude that the efficiency enhancement is attributed to the interface-defect passivation of heterojunction, which significantly improves both open circuit voltage and fill factor. The results were supported by SCAPS simulations, which suggest that our approach can also be applied to other buffer systems.
关键词： CdS buffer layer,interface passivation,SCAPS simulations,Indium doping,CIGSSe-based solar cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Thin-Film Solar Cells
摘要： Copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS) thin-film solar cells suffer from high recombination losses at the back contact and parasitic absorption in the front-contact layers. Dielectric passivation layers overcome these limitations and enable an efficient control over interface recombination, which becomes increasingly relevant as thin-film solar cells increase in efficiency and become thinner to reduce the consumption of precious resources. We present the optoelectronic and chemical interface properties of oxide-based passivation layers deposited by atomic layer deposition on CIGS. A suitable postdeposition annealing removes detrimental interface defects and leads to restructuring and oxidation of the CIGS surface. The optoelectronic interface properties are very similar for different passivation approaches, demonstrating that an efficient suppression of interface states is possible independent of the metal used in the passivating oxide. If aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is used as the passivation layer we confirm an additional field-effect passivation due to interface charges, resulting in an efficient interface passivation superior to that of a state-of-the-art cadmium-sulfide (CdS) buffer layer. Based on this chemical interface model we present a full-area rear-interface passivation layer without any contact patterning, resulting in a 1% absolute efficiency gain compared to a standard molybdenum back contact.
关键词： CIGS,CdS,atomic layer deposition,oxidation,thin-film solar cells,recombination losses,Al2O3,interface passivation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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CZTS solar cells and the possibility of increasing VOC using evaporated Al2O3 at the CZTS/CdS interface
摘要： We report the effect of an ultra-thin Al2O3 layer (down to 3 nm) as interface passivation strategy for the improvement of the performance of Cu2ZnSnS4/CdS based solar cells. After an initial optimization, the Al2O3 deposited by thermal evaporation is proved to improve the properties of the p-n junction. The fabricated devices showed an increment in Voc depending on the composition of the absorber, and an improvement in fill factor (FF) apparently related to the insulation of possible shunt-paths. Also, the impact on other optoelectronic parameters is discussed.
关键词： Al2O3,Interface passivation,Thermally evaporation,Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Grain Boundary and Interface Passivation with Corea??Shell Au@CdS Nanospheres for Higha??Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The plasmonic characteristic of core–shell nanomaterials can effectively improve exciton-generation/dissociation and carrier-transfer/collection. In this work, a new strategy based on core–shell Au@CdS nanospheres is introduced to passivate perovskite grain boundaries (GBs) and the perovskite/hole transport layer interface via an antisolvent process. These core–shell Au@CdS nanoparticles can trigger heterogeneous nucleation of the perovskite precursor for high-quality perovskite films through the formation of the intermediate Au@CdS–PbI2 adduct, which can lower the valence band maximum of the 2,2,7,7-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) for a more favorable energy alignment with the perovskite material. With the help of the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of Au@CdS, holes can easily overcome the barrier at the perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD interface (or GBs) through the bridge of the intermediate Au@CdS–PbI2, avoiding the carrier accumulation, and suppress the carrier trap recombination at the Spiro-OMeTAD/perovskite interface. Consequently, the Au@CdS-based perovskite solar cell device achieves a high efficiency of over 21%, with excellent stability of ≈90% retention of initial power conversion efficiencies after 45 days storage in dry air.
关键词： perovskite photovoltaic devices,interface passivation,Au@CdS,core–shell nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Ultraviolet-ozone modification on TiO2 surface to promote both efficiency and stability of low-temperature planar perovskite solar cells
摘要： As a classical electron transport layer, the high crystallinity TiO2 has been widely used in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), however, its high-temperature preparation process elevates the fabrication cost and limits its application. Here, we report an ultraviolet-ozone assisted strategy to modify low-temperature TiO2 interface for PSCs. In addition to the more appropriate work function and reinforced built-in potential, the lattice strain of perovskite films crystallized on modified TiO2 has also been released in some degree. Ultrafast transient absorption technique is employed to provide an deep insight into the carrier dynamics, revealing that less non-radiative recombination exists in the modified device. Interestingly, transient surface photovoltage results demonstrate that ultraviolet-ozone modification can efficiently suppress the decomposition of perovskite films under light illumination. Taking advantage of these facts, this device exhibits better efficiency and remarkable stability. This demonstrated low-temperature strategy is a promising way for fabricating low-cost, efficient and stable perovskite device.
关键词： interface passivation,ultraviolet-ozone treatment,photocatalysis,low-temperature TiO2,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Phenyl-C <sub/>61</sub> -Butyric Acid as an Interface Passivation Layer for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Here phenyl-C61-butyric acid (PCBA) is presented as a generic passivation coating for metal oxide electron transport layers used in planar n-i-p configuration of perovskite solar cells (PSC). PCBA shows better adhesion to tin and zinc oxides due to strong acid-base interactions as compared to the conventionally used phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ether (PCBM). Therefore, depositing a compact PCBA passivation coating can be achieved in a much more economical way using 100 times less concentrated precursor solution. In addition, PCBA coating delivers higher power conversion efficiencies (up to 20.3%) as compared to the pristine oxide layers with or without PCBM coating. Finally, the fabricated solar cells using PCBA coating are more stable in comparison with the reference cells with conventional PCBM passivation and preserved ~70% of the initial efficiency after 1500 h of continuous 30 mW/cm2 white light illumination at 50?C.
关键词： electron transport layers,stability,perovskite solar cells,phenyl-C61-butyric acid,interface passivation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Influence of Interfacial Traps on the Operating Temperature of Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： In this paper, by developing a mathematical model, the temperature of PSCs under different operating conditions has been calculated. It is found that by reducing the density of tail states at the interfaces through some passivation mechanisms, the operating temperature can be decreased significantly at higher applied voltages. The results show that if the density of tail states at the interfaces is reduced by three orders of magnitude through some passivation mechanisms, then the active layer may not undergo any phase change up to an ambient temperature 300 K and it may not degrade up to 320 K. The calculated heat generation at the interfaces at different applied voltages with and without passivation shows reduced heat generation after reducing the density of tail states at the interfaces. It is expected that this study provides a deeper understanding of the influence of interface passivation on the operating temperature of PSCs.
关键词： interface passivation,perovskite solar cells,degradation,operating temperature
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04