- 标题
- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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Role of PCBM in the Suppression of Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The power conversion efficiency of inorganic–organic hybrid lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is approaching that of those made from single crystalline silicon; however, they still experience problems such as hysteresis and photo/electrical-field-induced degradation. Evidences consistently show that ionic migration is critical for these detrimental behaviors, but direct in-situ studies are still lacking to elucidate the respective kinetics. Three different PSCs incorporating phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and a polymerized form (PPCBM) is fabricated to clarify the function of fullerenes towards ionic migration in perovskites: 1) single perovskite layer, 2) perovskite/PCBM bilayer, 3) perovskite/PPCBM bilayer, where the fullerene molecules are covalently linked to a polymer backbone impeding fullerene inter-diffusion. By employing wide-field photoluminescence imaging microscopy, the migration of iodine ions/vacancies under an external electrical field is studied. The polymerized PPCBM layer barely suppresses ionic migration, whereas PCBM readily does. Temperature-dependent chronoamperometric measurements demonstrate the reduction of activation energy with the aid of PCBM and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) measurements show that PCBM molecules are viable to diffuse into the perovskite layer and passivate iodine related defects. This passivation significantly reduces iodine ions/vacancies, leading to a reduction of built-in field modulation and interfacial barriers.
关键词： perovskites,ion migration,J–V curve hysteresis,PCBM
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor pH Sensors with Arrayed Patterns Manufactured by Nano Imprint Technology
摘要： This work focuses on the sensing properties of electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) pH sensors with arrayed patterns manufactured by integrating nano imprint technology (NIL) and CMOS process. The arrayed patterns, made of line and square at about ～200–400nm with a width/space ratio of about ～1/1-1/2, were fabricated by NIL; followed by the manufacturing of the EIS sensors. The patterns were studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The sensors, with arrayed patterns, all exhibited higher sensitivity, lower hysteresis, and lower drift properties than the single one did. The effects of arrayed patterns (square or line) and pattern density on the sensing area were also investigated. With this approach, the sensors can be fabricated for future high performance biochemical sensing applications.
关键词： sensitivity,drift,arrayed patterns,nano imprint technology,pH sensors,electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor,hysteresis
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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The influence of fullerene on hysteresis mechanism in planar perovskite solar cells
摘要： Despite the rapid development of perovskite devices, the current density-voltage hysteresis still needs to be conquered. Here, the introduction of PCBM into the active layer of planar perovskite solar cells is carried out and hysteresis-free devices are produced. A photoluminescence blue-shift in PCBM-doped perovskite ?lms is observed. The e?ect of non-radiative recombination is obviously suppressed, and the photoluminescence lifetime is signi?cantly prolonged by 3-fold after PCBM introduction. The roles of PCBM in trap states and hysteresis mechanism are also discussed. This research could provide experimental and theoretical supports for suppressing and eliminating the hysteresis phenomena in perovskite solar cells.
关键词： Hysteresis,Trap states,Planar perovskite solar cells,PCBM
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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The diverse passivation effects of fullerene derivative on hysteresis behavior for normal and inverted perovskite solar cells
摘要： [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is usually used to passivate the trap states and ion defects for suppressing hysteresis in both normal and inverted perovskite solar cells. Here, we find that the normal cell with the perovskite film fabricated on the PCBM film shows an evident hysteresis, while the inverted cell with the perovskite film covered by the PCBM film shows nearly no hysteresis, and the PCBM-Perovskite interface impacts on the hysteresis vastly. The poor PCBM surface wettability results in an inefficient carrier extraction at the interface and a red-shift of photoluminescence emission for the perovskite film coated on the PCBM film, which results from the plentiful trap states and ion defects inside the perovskite film due to its poor crystallization. Thus, the trapping/de-trapping processes and slow ion migration eventually lead to the hysteresis. For the perovskite film covered by the PCBM film, due to the good wettability of the perovskite film, PCBM molecules easily permeate into the perovskite film to passivate the trap states and ion defects, which improves the carrier extraction and thus eliminates the hysteresis of the inverted cell.
关键词： Hysteresis behavior,Trap states,Perovskite solar cells,Ion migration,Carrier extraction,PCBM
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Electrospray deposited MoS2 nanosheets as an electron transporting material for high efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells
摘要： For perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the development of low cost, stable and e?cient electron transport materials (ETMs) is of prime consideration. Here, we have introduced a scalable electrospraying technique for the direct deposition of hydrotermally synthesized two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 nanosheets ETMs, onto the ?uorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass susbtarte to use in PSCs with reduces hysteresis, improved ambient stability and high e?ciency. The PSCs fabricated with electrospray deposited MoS2 nanosheets demonstrate the maximum power conversion e?ciency (PCEmax) of 16.17%, that is comparable to the PCEs achieved from compact SnO2 and TiO2 ETM based PSCs. The current ?ndings present a new route for the construction of stable and e?cient PSCs based on a low-cost and solution- processed MoS2 nanosheets ETMs.
关键词： Thin ?lms,Electrospray,Perovskite solar cells,Hysteresis-free,MoS2 nanosheets
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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The influence of the electron transport layer on charge dynamics and trap-state properties in planar perovskite solar cells
摘要： Despite the outstanding photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells, the correlation between the electron transport layer and the mechanism of photoelectric conversion is still not fully understood. In this paper, the relationship between photovoltaic performance and carrier dynamics is systematically studied in both TiO2- and SnO2-based planar perovskite devices. It is found that the different electron transport layers result in distinct forward scan results and charge dynamics. Based on the charge dynamics results, the influence of the electron transport layer on charge carrier transport and charge recombination is revealed. More importantly, the trap-state density is characterized, which is proven to be related to the charge carrier dynamics and the specific hysteresis behaviour in the perovskite solar cells. The present work would provide new insights into the working mechanisms of electron transport layers and their effect on hysteresis.
关键词： electron transport layer,hysteresis,charge dynamics,perovskite solar cells,trap-state properties
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Barium doping effect on the photovoltaic performance and stability of MA0.4FA0.6BaxPb1-xIyCl3-y perovskite solar cells
摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have earned widespread attention owing to its fast-growing power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, there are some challenges for this type of solar cells. The toxicity issue, current density-voltage (J-V) hysteresis, and uncertain stability hinder commercialization. In this study, we developed the PSCs with MA0.4FA0.6BaxPb1-xIyCl3-y film as active layer. The MA0.4FA0.6BaxPb1-xIyCl3-y film with various barium doping concentrations were fabricated by solvent engineering method. We investigate the surface morphology, crystal orientation, and optical property of various perovskite films. Furthermore, the in situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (in-situ GIWAXS) is used to analyze the heating crystallization process of perovskite film. We discover that Ba can improve crystallinity and structural stability. For the optimal 5.0 mol% Ba replacement, the PCE of perovskite device is increased to 17.4%, the J-V hysteresis can be completely eliminated and the device demonstrates long-term stability.
关键词： in-situ GIWAXS,perovskite solar cell,J-V hysteresis,barium dopant,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2018 7th Electronic System-Integration Technology Conference (ESTC) - Dresden, Germany (2018.9.18-2018.9.21)] 2018 7th Electronic System-Integration Technology Conference (ESTC) - Hybrid (PI-PDMS) Superhydrophobic Wearable Dry-Patching Flexible and Transparent Substrate
摘要： The hybrid thin film is fabricated by using polyimide (PI) and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to take combined advantages of their transparency, thermal stability and stretchability. Furthermore, another importance of such subtract is superhydrophobicity, having highly water repellent, dustproof and self-cleaning effect which is beneficial for its long-term performance. The demand for dry patching has been increased as compared with wet patching films due to optical transmittance and long term optimization, the patching devices mechanism for those devices can be mechanical deformation experienced with bending, pressing, twisting and pressing, without any compromise on the comfort of the user, those mechanical characteristics leads towards the adhesion of the substrate via van der Waals force without using any wet adhesion. The actively explored field of flexible and wearable applications are in healthcare and artificial electronic skins which are interestingly capable of detecting stress, strain, pain and temperature in real-time health monitoring. Since superhydrophobic properties combine with dry patching techniques provide a wide range of practical applications for the platform of the wearable dry patching substrate, it is expected that such works have an impact on flexible hybrid electronic (FHE) devices which can be rolled, stretched patching superhydrophobic substrate utilizing a polymer casting method showing a static CA and CAH angle of 179° and 10°, respectively, by creating the air pocket between the micro pillars (30μm) which counterbalances the water droplet on the surface. Such hybrid in microelectronics applications; it provides more desirable properties in many fields of application (mechanical, thermal, optical and chemical). In this article, we discussed the fabrication of a dry-patching substrate using hybrid film that has a superhydrophobic surface substrates are widely used bent. The fabricated and dry.
关键词： Wearable Devices,Dry Patching,Flexible,Self-Cleaning,Superhydrophobic,Low Hysteresis
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Stabilization of anti-ferroelectric Pbcm phase over ferroelectric P2<sub>1</sub>ma phase in intermittent ferroelectric NaNbO<sub>3</sub> by incorporating CaTiO<sub>3 </sub>
摘要： This study focuses on the structural aspect of stabilization of anti-ferroelectric Pbcm phase over ferroelectric P21ma phase by introducing CaTiO3 in NaNbO3 perovskite. For this work, Na1-xCaxNb1-xTixO3 (x= 0.00, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05) ceramic compositions are chosen for investigation. Structural and dielectric studies are performed on these compositions to see the effect of dopants on phase transitions involved. X-ray diffraction and their respective refinement results confirmed orthorhombic structure with Pbcm space group for all the compositions. Structures were performed for all the above-mentioned compositions. Based on PE and structural analysis, high electric field stable anti-ferroelectric phase can be established for x=0.04 composition. Reasons for high electric field stable antiferroelectric phase at x = 0.04 is presented where it is argued that the octahedral tilt distortion of perovskite structure is responsible for the increase in energy barrier required for AFE?FE transformation, thus stabilizing the antiferroelectric phase. To get more insights into the AFE-FE phase transition and stabilization of AFE phase with respect to composition, dielectric permittivity vs temperature and polarization vs electric field studies are generated using refined X-ray diffraction data in order to understand the effect of doping on octahedral tilting, which plays a huge role in increasing the energy gap required for Pbcm to P21ma conversion and is responsible for establishing stable antiferroelectric phase.
关键词： Double hysteresis,octahedral tilting,Anti-ferroelectric
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE SENSORS - New Delhi, India (2018.10.28-2018.10.31)] 2018 IEEE SENSORS - Patterning and Annealing Effects of Aerosol Deposited Hygroscopic Films for Humidity Sensors
摘要： In this study, three inter-digital capacitors (IDCs) and one spiral structure is decorated with aerosol-deposited (AD) BaTiO3 thin film layer. Further, these structures have used for capacitive sensing applications. All, the results have been measured at 1 MHz frequency in room temperature. The obtained results indicate that the annealed aerosol-deposited based BaTiO3 thin film has presented higher capacitive intensity as well as the improvement in dielectric performances. The dissimilar finger width inter-digital capacitors (IDCs) and a spiral structure have evaluated with different open area ratio (OAR). The obtained results clearly indicate that the fourth sensor design gives best results before annealing due to its structural property. Whereas, second sensor design gives best results after annealing process. The sensitivity of second sensor design enhanced from 15.83 to 1300 after annealing. Hysteresis loss result has also been used to verify the highly sensitive design. Through minimum hysteresis loss and high correlated absorption and desorption value indicates highly sensitive sensing design. The structural property of aerosol-deposited BaTiO3 film has evaluated by SEM and XRD measurements. These measurements show the high grain size, good crystallization and high surface to volume ratio after thermal treatment. Our research also shows that good design structure with thermally modified AD BaTiO3 film can be used to design an attractive sensor in future.
关键词： hysteresis loss,Aerosol Deposition (AD),inter-digital capacitors (IDCs),open area ratio (OAR)
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36