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A red-emitting fluorescent probe with large Stokes shift for real-time tracking of cysteine over glutathione and homocysteine in living cells
摘要： Fluorescent probes with high quality for highly selective detection of cysteine (Cys) are still urgently in demand because of the indispensable roles Cys plays in the biological systems. Herein, a red-emitting fluorescent probe CP was developed for the highly selective detection of Cys over glutathione (GSH) and homocysteine (Hcy) by incorporating the recognition unit into the 2-(2-(4-hydroxystyryl)-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-ylidene) malononitrile (P-OH) fluorophore which is characterized by red emission, noteworthy Stokes shift, and appreciable photostability. Basically, CP demonstrated appreciable sensing performance toward Cys including short response time of 4 min, high sensitivity with approximately 147-fold emission enhancement, low detection limit of 41.696 nM, and good selectivity both in the solution and living cells, indicating its promising potential of visualizing Cys in biological systems.
关键词： Large Stokes shift,Fluorescence imaging,Cysteine detection,Fluorescent probe
更新于2025-11-19 16:56:35
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Novel BODIPY-based fluorescent probes with large Stokes shift for imaging hydrogen sulfide
摘要： Hydrogen sulfide has important biomedical significance because it plays a regulatory role in a variety of physiological processes. In our previous work, we investigated the effect of substituents on Stokes shift of BODIPY and found that methoxy groups on phenyl substituents at 3,5-positions could expand the Stokes shift of BODIPY-based probes. In this study, taking hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as analyte, we designed and synthesized 4,4-difluoro-8-{4-(2,4-dinitrophenoxy)phenyl}-3,5-bis(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indancene (DMOEPB) and 4,4-difluoro-8-(4-nitrophenyl)-3,5-bis(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indancene (DMONPB) according to the same strategy. As expected, Stokes shifts of 49 nm and 51 nm were obtained respectively, which demonstrate the feasibility of the strategy in the synthesis of other fluorescent probes for the detection of small biomolecules. DMONPB can react with H2S to form the derivative with a fluorescence quantum yield of 0.13. An excellent linear relationship was observed in the range of H2S concentrations from 0 μM to 800 μM and the detection limit was 1.3 μM. Furthermore, it can be successfully applied to imaging of H2S in cells and tissues. For DMOEPB, the presence of m-dinitrophenyl did not cause the expected fluorescence quenching, which makes it impossible to perform bioimaging. We speculate that the strong electron-withdrawing property of nitro group is obviously weaker when the two benzene rings are separated at 8-position and are not conjugated with the fluorophore. It provides experience and lessons for designing the same type of turn-on probe.
关键词： hydrogen sulfide,BODIPY,red fluorescence,bioimaging,large Stokes shift
更新于2025-11-19 16:46:39
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A near-infrared fluorescence probe for ultrafast and selective detection of peroxynitrite with large Stokes shift in inflamed mouse models
摘要： Peroxynitrite (ONOO?) is a kind of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which is associated with pathogenesis of many diseases. A new near-infrared fluorescence probe (DCM-OH) which based on dicyanomethylene-4H-pyrans to detect endogenous ONOO? was designed and synthesized. The two-photon absorption cross sections and large Stokes shift make the probe deeper issue penetration and lower self-absorption. The obtained results demonstrated that probe DCM-OH could sensitively detect ONOO? with a low detection limit (53 nM). What’s more, probe DCM-OH exhibited an ultrafast response rate (within 5 s) toward ONOO?, which would be in favor of tracking the highly reactive and short-lived ONOO? in the living systems. Moreover, DCM-OH was successfully employed for imaging endogenous ONOO? in HepG2/RAW 264.7 cells and further applied to visualize oxidative stress in mouse model of inflammation.
关键词： In vivo imaging,NIR,Fluorescence probe,Peroxynitrite,Large Stokes shift
更新于2025-11-14 15:29:11
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NIR-Fluorescent Multidye Silica Nanoparticles with Large Stokes Shifts for Versatile Biosensing Applications
摘要： We have synthesized and characterized of a series of single and multidye copolymerized nanoparticles with large to very large Stokes shifts (100 to 255 nm) for versatile applications as standalone or multiplexed probes in biological matrices. Nanoparticles were prepared via the St?ber method and covalently copolymerized with various combinations of three dyes, including one novel aminocyanine dye. Covalently encapsulated dyes exhibited no significant leakage from the nanoparticle matrix after more than 200 days of storage in ethanol. Across multiple batches of nanoparticles with varying dye content, the average yields and average radii were found to be highly reproducible. Furthermore, the batch to batch variability in the relative amounts of dye incorporated was small (relative standard deviations <2.3%). Quantum yields of dye copolymerized nanoparticles were increased 50% to 1000% relative to those of their respective dye-silane conjugates, and fluorescence intensities were enhanced by approximately three orders of magnitude. Prepared nanoparticles were surface modified with polyethylene glycol and biotin and bound to streptavidin microspheres as a proof of concept. Under single wavelength excitation, microsphere-bound nanoparticles displayed readily distinguishable fluorescence signals at three different emission wavelengths, indicating their potential applications to multicolor sensing. Furthermore, nanoparticles modified with polyethylene glycol and biotin demonstrated hematoprotective qualities and reduced nonspecific binding of serum proteins, indicating their potential suitability to in vivo imaging applications.
关键词： Fluorescent silica nanoparticles,Biocompatible nanoparticles,Large stokes shift,Near-infrared fluorescence,Multicolor assay,Resonance energy transfer
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Bright red-emitting highly reliable styryl probe with large stokes shift for visualizing mitochondria in live cells under wash-free conditions
摘要： Bright red-emitting pyridinium cyanine based styryl probe 2 is synthesized in good yields. Probe 2 demonstrated a large Stokes’ shift (Δλ ≈ 128 nm, 4227 cm-1 in DCM) and excellent fluorescent quantum yield (?fl ≈ 0.2 - 0.7) due to strong Intra-molecular charge transfer (ICT). Probe 2 found to exhibit exceptional selectivity for cellular mitochondria in both normal (COS-7) and cancer (A549) cell lines. Probe 2 is readily applicable as a “wash-free” dye to visualize mitochondria as it does not require post-staining washing prior to imaging. Styryl probe 2 also showed an excellent biocompatibility as the calculated LC50 (lethal concentration, 50%) value was > 20 μM. Probe 2 emission did not show any interferences from anionic species or other biological molecules. Probe 2 is readily excitable (λex ~460 and λem ~618 nm) with the available laser (454 nm) in commercial microscopes and thus it can be a useful probe for mitochondrial tracking in live cells.
关键词： Wash-free application,Biocompatibility,Intra-molecular charge transfer (ICT),Styryl dye,Large Stokes shift,Mitochondria selectivity
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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A novel NIR-emissive probe with large Stokes shift for hypochlorite detection and imaging in living cells
摘要： Due to the importance of hypochlorite (ClO-) in the process of life, a near-infrared region (NIR) emissive probe (DCPO-DMTC) with large Stokes shift was synthesized for the selective detection of hypochlorite. This probe detects exogenous and endogenous hypochlorite via "oxidative deprotection" of dimethylthiocarbamate-protected phenolic hydroxyl groups. The response was monitored by time-course UV–Vis and fluorescent spectroscopy. The emission response of the probe to ClO? presented a good linear relationship in the 0–100 μM concentration range, and the LOD of this probe was 164 nM. The probe was used to successfully visualize endogenous ClO- generation in RAW 246.7 cells under external stimulation.
关键词： NIR-emissive,Large Stokes-shift,Hypochlorite,Bioimaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Multi-phased cesium lead iodide quantum dots with large stokes shift
摘要： Lead halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for lighting and biomedical applications. However, further applications are limited by energy transfer of F?rster resonance energy transfer (FRET) or photon reabsorption between different QDs due to QDs with small Stokes shifts. Here, we first report intrinsic cesium lead iodide QDs with large Stokes shifts from 262 to 289 nm with PL peaks in the range of 630 to 658 nm. We show that the large Stokes shift is attributed to the morphology of QDs with multiple phases. Our results in intrinsic lead iodide perovskite QDs with large Stokes shift may open new avenues in resolving energy transfer in biomedical and lighting applications.
关键词： Energy transfer,Perovskite quantum dots,Large Stokes shift,Luminescence,Nanocrystalline materials
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Cancer-Specific Biomarker hNQO1-Activatable Fluorescent Probe for Imaging Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo
摘要： Human NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (hNQO1) is an important cancer-related biomarker, which shows significant overexpression in malignant cells. Developing an effective method for detecting NQO1 activity with high sensitivity and selectivity in tumors holds a great potential for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and management. In the present study, we report a new dicyanoisophorone (DCP) based fluorescent probe (NQ-DCP) capable of monitoring hNQO1 activity in vitro and in vivo in both ratiometric and turn-on model. NQ-DCP was prepared by conjugating dicyanoisophorone fluoroprobe with hNQO1 activatable quinone propionic acid (QPA), which remain non-fluorescent until activation by tumor-specific hNQO1. NQ-DCP featured a large Stokes shift (145 nm), excellent biocompatibility, cell permeability, and selectivity towards hNQO1 allowed to differentiate cancer cells from healthy cells. We have successfully employed NQ-DCP to monitor non-invasive endogenous hNQO1 activity in brain tumor cells in vitro and in xenografted tumors developed in nude mice.
关键词： NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1,cancer biomarker,tumor diagnosis,fluorescent probe,cancer imaging,large Stokes shift,dicyanoisophorone
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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A large Stokes shift, sequential, colorimetric fluorescent probe for sensing Cu2+/S2- and its applications
摘要： Copper ions (Cu2+) and sulfide (S2?) are important markers in many physiologies and pathological processes. In this work, a new near-infrared fluorescent probe 1 for colorimetric and sequential detection of Cu2+/S2? was designed and developed. The probe showed a rapid (less than 1 min), highly selective and sensitive response toward copper ions. Notably, the probe could also be applied to detect S2? through reversible formation-separation of complex 1-Cu2+ and CuS with a large Stokes shift of 234 nm. The detection limit for Cu2+ and S2? was found to be 1.8 × 10-8 M and 1.5 × 10-8 M, respectively. Furthermore, the binding stoichiometry between 1 and Cu2+ was found to be 1:1, the binding mode was also demonstrated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and contrastive compound research. In addition, the probe was successfully applied in real water samples assay for the detection of Cu2+, and the strip papers experiments also showed that probe 1 can be used to detect Cu2+ and S2?.
关键词： DFT calculations,Colorimetric,Near-infrared,Sulfide,Large Stokes shift,Copper ions
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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A new turn-on fluorescent probe with ultra-large fluorescence enhancement for detection of hydrogen polysulfides based on dual quenching strategy
摘要： Based on dual quenching strategy (ESIPT inhibited quenching and PET quenching), we have developed a new turn-on fluorescent probe 1. Combining 3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-10-butyl-10H-phenothiazin-2-ol (dye 2) as the fluorophore and 2-fluoro-5-nitro-benzoic as the recognition moiety, probe 1 had feature of notable large Stokes shift, highly sensitivity and selective for monitoring H2Sn with remarkable fluorescence enhancement (328-fold) response at 534 nm. Probe 1 exhibited excellent performance in the quantitative detection of H2Sn with a 137 nm Stokes shift and a low detection limit of 26 nM in solution. Finally, probe 1 was successfully utilized to image H2Sn in living A549 cells and zebrafish.
关键词： Large stokes shift,ESIPT,Hydrogen polysulfides,PET
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36