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Laser-induced growth of large-area epitaxial graphene with low sheet resistance on 4H-SiC(0001)
摘要： Multilayer graphene on SiC is a promising material due to its compatibility with modern electronics technology. Herein, we demonstrate the growth of large-area (~10 × 5 mm2), high-quality (D/G area ratio: ~0.03) epitaxial graphene on 4H-SiC(0001) using a high-power continuous laser with an extremely fast heating rate of 500 °C/s. As the growth temperature rises from 1550 °C to 1780 °C, the number of graphene layers increases from three to more than ten. The obtained graphene/SiC samples are highly conductive, with a sheet resistance of as low as ~0.43 Ω/sq. The high power and fast heating rate of the laser contribute to the formation of large-area and low-sheet-resistance graphene. The high conductivity makes graphene/SiC a very promising material for applications in conductive films. The growth mechanism of graphene and the influence of the structural properties of graphene on the conductivity are also discussed.
关键词： Sheet resistance,Large-area,4H-SiC,Continuous laser,Epitaxial graphene
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Highly Reproducible Large-Area Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication via Continuous Megasonic Spray Coating of CH <sub/>3</sub> NH <sub/>3</sub> PbI <sub/>3</sub>
摘要： A simple, low-cost, large area, and continuous scalable coating method is proposed for the fabrication of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells. A megasonic spray-coating method utilizing a 1.7 MHz megasonic nebulizer that could fabricate reproducible large-area planar efficient perovskite films is developed. The coating method fabricates uniform large-area perovskite film with large-sized grain since smaller and narrower sized mist droplets than those generated by existing ultrasonic spray methods could be generated by megasonic spraying. The volume flow rate of the CH3NH3PbI3 precursor solution and the reaction temperature are controlled, to obtain a high quality perovskite active layer. The devices reach a maximum efficiency of 16.9%, with an average efficiency of 16.4% from 21 samples. The applicability of megasonic spray coating to the fabrication of large-area solar cells (1 cm2), with a power conversion efficiency of 14.2%, is also demonstrated. This is a record high efficiency for large-area perovskite solar cells fabricated by continuous spray coating.
关键词： perovskite solar cells,continuous process,spray coating,large-area
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Self-Organized Nanorod Arrays for Large-Area Surface Enhanced Infrared Absorption
摘要： Highly sensitive Surface Enhanced Infrared Absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy capabilities are demonstrated by exploiting large-area templates (cm2) based on self-organized (SO) nanorod antennas. We engineered highly dense arrays of gold nanorod antennas featuring polarization-sensitive localized plasmon resonances, tunable over a broadband near- and mid-infrared (IR) spectrum, in overlap with the so called ‘functional group’ window. We demonstrate polarization-sensitive SEIRA activity, homogenous over macroscopic areas and stable in time, by exploiting prototype self-assembled monolayers of IR-active octadecanthiol (ODT) molecules. The strong coupling between the plasmonic excitation and the molecular stretching modes give rise to characteristic Fano resonances in SEIRA. The SO engineering of the active hot-spots in the arrays allows to achieve signal amplitude improved up to the 5.7 %. This figure is competitive to the response of lithographic nanoantennas and is stable when the optical excitation spot varies from the micro- to the macroscale, thus enabling highly sensitive SEIRA spectroscopy on cost-effective nanosensor devices.
关键词： IR spectroscopy,large area nanosensors,Surface Enhanced Infra-Red Absorption (SEIRA),self-organized arrays,Fano resonances,Plasmonic nanoantennas
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Largea??area Luminescent Downshifting Layer containing Eu3+ Complex for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
摘要： The spectral mismatch between the distribution of sunlight (AM1.5G) and crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells is one of the most limiting factors for the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) devices. As an effective solution, luminescent down-shifting (LDS) technique is an important way to improve the short-wavelength response of a solar cell by shifting high-energy photons to the visible range. Herein, large-area (17×17 cm2) luminescent thin film consisting of ternary europium (Eu3+) complex and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was successfully constructed through solution casting method, and further developed as an effective LDS layer to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of c-Si solar cells with large active area (235 cm2). The self-standing LDS layer is both flexible, transparent and easily attachable to the surface of solar cell module. Compared with the uncoated c-Si solar cell, one coated with LDS layer displayed an enhancement of ~15% in external quantum efficiency (EQE) due to the highly luminescent quantum yield of Eu3+ complex doped inside the layer. These results demonstrate that large area luminescent film embedding Eu3+ complex is a versatile and effective strategy to improve the conversion efficiency of large size PV devices, giving rise to great potential applications as LDS materials.
关键词： Eu3+ complex,luminescent down-shifting,photoelectric conversion efficiency,crystalline silicon solar cells,large-area luminescent film
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Blade-coated efficient and stable large-area organic solar cells with optimized additive
摘要： For the fabrication of large-area devices, achieving both excellent photovoltaic performance and device stability simultaneously is the key to commercialization of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, non-fullerene OSCs with various additives (1,8-diiodooctane (DIO), 1,8-octanedithiol (ODT), chloronaphthalene (CN)) were fabricated by blade-coating in ambient environment. It was demonstrated that all these three additives can improve device performance. However, CN based device shows only a slightly increased power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.34% as compared to the device without additive (PCE=9.19%). Although DIO based device presents an increased PCE of 9.87%, the corresponding device stability is poor. Impressively, due to the enhanced crystallization as well as the small and pure domains, the device with ODT additive not only possesses higher photovoltaic performance (PCE of 10.20%), but also exhibits better device stability. In addition, ODT based large-area device (90 mm2) prepared by blade-coating also exhibits a high PCE of 8.59%, showing great potential in fabricating efficient and stable large-area organic solar cells.
关键词： Stability,Organic solar cells,Large-area,Blade-coating,Additive
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Self-Organized Conductive Gratings of Au Nanostripe Dimers Enable Tunable Plasmonic Activity
摘要： Plasmonic metasurfaces based on quasi-one-dimensional (1D) nanostripe arrays are homogeneously prepared over large-area substrates (cm2), exploiting a novel self-organized nanofabrication method. Glass templates are nanopatterned by ion beam-induced anisotropic nanoscale wrinkling, enabling the maskless con?nement of quasi-1D arrays of out-of-plane tilted gold nanostripes, behaving as transparent wire-grid polarizer nanoelectrodes. These templates enable the dichroic excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances, easily tunable over a broadband spectrum from the visible to the near- and mid-infrared, by tailoring the nanostripes’ shape and/or changing the illumination conditions. The controlled self-organized method allows the engineering of the nanoantennas’ morphology in the form of Au-SiO2-Au nanostripe dimers, which show hybridized plasmonic resonances with enhanced tunability. Under this condition, superior near-?eld ampli?cation is achievable for the excitation of the hybridized magnetic dipole mode, as pointed out by numerical simulations. The high e?ciency of these plasmonic nanoantennas, combined with the controlled tuning of the resonant response, opens a variety of applications for these cost-e?ective templates, ranging from biosensing and optical spectroscopies to high-resolution molecular imaging and nonlinear optics.
关键词： biosensing,plasmon hybridization,nanostripe dimers,self-organized nanoantennas,transparent nanoelectrodes,large-area metasurfaces,wire-grid polarizers
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Non-halogenated solvent-processed ternary-blend solar cells via alkyl-side-chain engineering of a non-fullerene acceptor and its application in large-area devices
摘要： A novel asymmetric non-fullerene acceptor (T2-OEHRH) with a simple chemical structure is designed and synthesized. Compared with the symmetric T2-ORH, T2-OEHRH effectively suppresses excessive self-aggregation/crystallization and substantially improves the solubility without sacrificing photoelectrical properties. As a result, T2-OEHRH-based ternary-blend OSCs processed from a non-halogenated solvent exhibit impressive PCEs of 12.10% and 9.32% in small- and large-area devices, respectively.
关键词： non-fullerene acceptor,large-area solar cells,ternary-blend solar cells,non-halogenated solvent,asymmetric alkyl side-chain
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Micro/Nanolithography - A Heuristic Aspect on the Enduring Technology || Large-Area Nanoimprint Lithography and Applications
摘要： Large-area nanoimprint lithography (NIL) has been regarded as one of the most promising micro/nano-manufacturing technologies for mass production of large-area micro/nanoscale patterns and complex 3D structures and high aspect ratio features with low cost, high throughput, and high resolution. That opens the door and paves the way for many commercial applications not previously conceptualized or economically feasible. Great progresses in large-area nanoimprint lithography have been achieved in recent years. This chapter mainly presents a comprehensive review of recent advances in large-area NIL processes. Some promising solutions of large-area NIL and emerging methods, which can implement mass production of micro- and nanostructures over large areas on various substrates or surfaces, are described in detail. Moreover, numerous industrial-level applications and innovative products based on large-area NIL are also demonstrated. Finally, prospects, challenges, and future directions for industrial scale large-area NIL are addressed. An infrastructure of large-area nanoimprint lithography is proposed. In addition, some recent progresses and research activities in large-area NIL suitable for high volume manufacturing environments from our Labs are also introduced. This chapter may provide a reference and direction for the further explorations and studies of large-area micro/nano patterning technologies.
关键词： roller-type NIL,large-area micro/nano patterning,roll-to-roll NIL,large-area nanoimprint lithography,full wafer NIL,roll-to-plate NIL
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Interaction-tailored organization of large-area colloidal assemblies
摘要： Colloidal lithography is an innovative fabrication technique employing spherical, nanoscale crystals as a lithographic mask for the low cost realization of nanoscale patterning. The features of the resulting nanostructures are related to the particle size, deposition conditions and interactions involved. In this work, we studied the absorption of polystyrene spheres onto a substrate and discuss the effect of particle–substrate and particle–particle interactions on their organization. Depending on the nature and the strength of the interactions acting in the colloidal film formation, two different strategies were developed in order to control the number of particles on the surface and the interparticle distance, namely changing the salt concentration and absorption time in the particle solution. These approaches enabled the realization of large area (≈cm2) patterning of nanoscale holes (nanoholes) and nanoscale disks (nanodisks) of different sizes and materials.
关键词： localized surface plasmon resonance,large-area nanostructure patterning,colloidal lithography,spherical nanoparticles,electrostatic interactions
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Solution-shearing-processed flexible polymer solar mini sub-modules fabricated on an embedded silver-grid substrate
摘要： A flexible transparent electrode film is fabricated by coating the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS using a solution-shearing process on PET film in which silver nanoparticles are embedded in intaglio grids patterned by a roll-to-roll thermal imprinting method. The composite electrode shows a sheet resistance of 20 Ω square?1 and a light transmittance of 82.9% at room temperature. An all-solution polymer solar mini sub-module is fabricated on the flexible electrode by further depositing ZnO and P3HT:PC61BM layers using the optimized solution-shearing process with subsequent printing of PEDOT:PSS and flat-screen printing of silver. The structure and morphology of the solution-shearing processed films examined by XRD and AFM show smoother surfaces and higher crystallinity than those of conventional spin-coated films. The solution-shearing-processed flexible polymer solar mini sub-module fabricated on an area of 36 cm2 shows a power conversion efficiency of 1.87% under an AM 1.5G solar simulator. Therefore, the solution-shearing process toward large-area flexible polymer solar module fabrication is successfully demonstrated.
关键词： Solution-shearing coating,Solar mini sub-module,Flexible transparent substrate,Large-area process
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36