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Influence of temperature and clamping force on the strength of the joint over different composite-metal combinations joined by laser
摘要： Vehicle weight in automobile industry is a strict limitation which can be overcome with novel material combinations. Laser conduction joining is an arising alternative but it still poses challenges for joining dissimilar metal-composite materials. Up to now, main research lines have been developed using constant process parameters (laser power and clamping force), so, the behavior of these composite-metal joints under different process parameters, and the control of the process itself, are unknown areas of investigation so far. This paper is focused on the implementation of closed-loop control systems for temperature and clamping force. Tests at different set-points have been carried out for different composite-metal combinations, and the strength of the joints has been assessed by single lap shear tests. The optimal joining process parameters have been found for each material combination.
关键词： Quality assurance,Laser joining,Metal-composite joining,Laser bonding,Process control
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Waveguide laser potency of samarium doped BaSO4-TeO2-B2O3 glasses: Evaluation of structural and optical qualities
摘要： A series of samarium ions (Sm3+) doped barium-sulfur-telluro-borate glasses of composition (70-x)B2O3-15BaSO4-15TeO2-xSm2O3 (x ranged from 0.0 to 2.5 mol%) was prepared by melt-quenching method and examined via diverse analytical tools. Influence of changing Sm3+ doping contents on the structures and optical attributes of the proposed glasses was determined. The XRD pattern of as-quenched samples verified their glassy states. The FTIR spectra displayed the vibrational modes of tellurites and borates functional groups in the corresponding range of 460–850 cm?1 and 700–1650 cm?1. The EDX elemental maps confirmed the homogeneous distribution of the traced elements in the glass matrix. The UV–Vis–NIR absorption spectra of glasses exhibited nine distinct bands compatible with the transition from lower 6H5/2 state to the excited 6P3/2, 4I11/2, 6F11/2, 6F9/2, 6F7/2, 6F5/2, 6F3/2, 6H15/2 and 6F1/2 states of Sm3+. The photoluminescence spectra showed four emission bands allotted to magnetic dipole 4G5/2 → 6H5/2 (moderate green at 562 nm), electric dipole dominated 4G5/2 → 6H7/2 (intense orange at 598 nm), electric dipole 4G5/2 → 6H9/2 (moderate red at 645 nm) and 4G5/2 → 6H11/2 (weak red at 703 nm) transitions in Sm3+, respectively. Glasses containing Sm2O3 contents above 1.0 mol % disclosed luminescence intensity quenching. Evaluated Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ω2, Ω4, and Ω6 were discerned from 1.48 × 10?20–4.2 × 10?20 cm2, 2.31 × 10?20–4.31 × 10?20 cm2 and 1.26 × 10?20–1.99 × 10?20 cm2 respectively. Furthermore, the lifetime of the samples decreases with increase in Sm3+ contents as unraveled by decay curve analysis. The achieved excellent spectroscopic properties of the proposed glass composition suggested their effectiveness as visible laser for waveguide applications.
关键词： Borate glasses,Samarium ions,Waveguide laser,Bonding parameter,Radiative properties
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04