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Laser induced self-N-doped porous graphene as an electrochemical biosensor for femtomolar miRNA detection
摘要： We report a sensitive, yet low-cost biosensor based on laser induced graphene for femtomolar microRNA (miRNA) detection. Combined with the miRNA extraction and magnetic isolation process, the target miRNAs were purified for further detection using laser induced graphene sensor. The laser induced graphene was prepared by direct laser writing on commercial polyimide (PI) and patterned via a computer-aided design system as an electrode for electrochemical biosensing. We found that the laser reduction of PI resulted in nitrogen-doped porous graphene, not only improving its conductivity but also its sensitivity to nucleic acids. Preeclampsia specific miRNA hsa-miR-486-5p was magnetically purified and directly adsorbed on the surface of graphene electrode via graphene-miRNA affinity interaction. Surface attached miRNAs were then electrochemically quantified using [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- redox system. Our assay demonstrates detection of miRNA has-miR-486-5p up to concentrations as low as 10 fM with excellent reproducibility. Owing to its facile fabrication, low cost and high performance, the laser induced N-doped graphene biosensor presented here shows great potential for applications in detecting miRNA in biomedical applications.
关键词： electrochemical biosensor,porous graphene,laser induced graphene,nitrogen-doped,miRNA detection
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Laser-Induced Graphene Paper Heaters with Multimodally Patternable Electrothermal Performance for Low-Energy Manufacturing of Composites
摘要： Low-energy manufacturing of polymeric composites through two-dimensional electrothermal heaters is a promising strategy over traditional autoclave and oven. Laser induced graphene paper (LIGP) is a recent emergent multifunctional material with merits of one-step computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) as well as flexible thin nature. To fully explore its capabilities of in situ heating, herein, we adventurously propose and investigate the customizable manufacture and modulation of LIGP enabled heaters with multimodally patternable performance. Developed by two modes (uniform & nonuniform) of laser processing, the LIGP heaters (LIGP-H) show distinctively unique characteristics, including high working range (> 600 °C), fast stabilization (< 8 s), high temperature efficiency (~370 °C·cm2/W), and superb robustness. Most innovatively, the non-uniform processing could section LIGP-H into subzones with independently controlled heating performance, rendering various designable patterns. The above unique characteristics guarantee the LIGP-H highly reliable for in situ curing composites with flat, curve and even inhomogeneous structures. With enormous energy-saving (~85%), superb curing accuracy, and comparable mechanical strength, the proposed device is advantageous for assuring high-quality and high-efficient manufacturing.
关键词： polymeric composites,graphene papers,thin film heaters,flexible electronics,laser-induced graphene
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Lasera??Induced Graphene for Electrothermally Controlled, Mechanically Guided, 3D Assembly and Humana??Soft Actuators Interaction
摘要： Mechanically guided, 3D assembly has attracted broad interests, owing to its compatibility with planar fabrication techniques and applicability to a diversity of geometries and length scales. Its further development requires the capability of on-demand reversible shape reconfigurations, desirable for many emerging applications (e.g., responsive metamaterials, soft robotics). Here, the design, fabrication, and modeling of soft electro-thermal actuators based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) are reported and their applications in mechanically guided 3D assembly and human-soft actuators interaction are explored. Over 20 complex 3D architectures are fabricated, including reconfigurable structures that can reshape among three distinct geometries. Also, the structures capable of maintaining 3D shapes at room temperature without the need for any actuation are realized by fabricating LIG actuators at an elevated temperature. Finite element analysis can quantitatively capture key aspects that govern electrothermally controlled shape transformations, thereby providing a reliable tool for rapid design optimization. Furthermore, their applications are explored in human-soft actuators interaction, including elastic metamaterials with human gesture-controlled bandgap behaviors and soft robotic fingers which can measure electrocardiogram from humans in an on-demand fashion. Other demonstrations include artificial muscles, which can lift masses that are about 110 times of their weights and biomimetic frog tongues which can prey insects.
关键词： human-soft actuators interaction,laser-induced graphene,electrothermal actuators,3D assembly
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Laser induced graphene printing of spatially controlled super-hydrophobic/hydrophilic surfaces
摘要： Spatial control over the wetting properties of graphene surfaces is a desired feature in numerous applications. Traditionally, this is achieved using time consuming chemical treatment processes that lack spatial tuning. Here, we demonstrate the use of laser induced graphene for the direct, spatial printing of surfaces with either superhydrophilic or superhydrophobic character through simple and convenient control over graphene array morphology, and without the need for chemical surface modification. The wetting properties of the graphene surfaces range from superhydrophilic (0°) for sheet-like structures, to superhydrophobic (>150°) for micro-pillar and hemispherical structures. By varying the induction parameters of the CO2 laser, we demonstrate the ability to write patterns with spatially tailored wettability to enable liquid micro-patterning and channeling of flow. Furthermore, we study solid-liquid interactions for such surfaces using viscosity measurements, where a “petal effect” is observed in the graphene material, thus revealing the parahydrophobicity of the surface.
关键词： Superhydrophobic,Superhydrophilic,Petal effect,Laser induced graphene,Wettability
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A chemically modified laser-induced porous graphene based flexible and ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor for sweat glucose detection
摘要： Porous laser-induced graphene (LIG) is an attractive and promising carbon material for electrochemical applications because it can immobilize various proteins, such as enzymes, antibodies, and receptors. However, poor inherent electrical properties caused by low surface conductivity is still a critical drawback for various applications. Here, we have proposed a surface modification method for the LIG electrode using acetic acid treatment via facile and practicable dipping technique. This simple acetic acid treatment dramatically increased the ratio of carbon-carbon bonds which effectively increased conductivity and decreased sheet resistance. Importantly, these unique properties also facilitated the stable and uniform dispersion of highly catalytic Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) on LIG by avoiding the concentration of electric field on nanoparticles that can cause aggregation during electrodeposition. Finally, chitosan-glucose oxidase (GOx) composite was successfully immobilized onto the LIG/PtNPs electrode to fabricate a sweat glucose biosensor. The as-prepared LIG/PtNPs electrode exhibited a high sensitivity of 4.622 μA/mM as well as an ultra-low limit of detection (signal to noise ratio is 3) which was less than 300 nM and dynamic linear range up to 2.1 mM. Furthermore, we tested the variation of blood glucose level before and after meal using the amperometric response of the sensor which demonstrates the commercial potential of this unique sweat glucose biosensor.
关键词： Sweat glucose detection,Laser-induced graphene (LIG),Acetic acid treatment,Ultra-sensitive and -low detection limit,Electrochemical biosensor
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Flexible laser-induced-graphene omnidirectional sound device
摘要： Flexible sound devices based on laser-induced-graphene (LIG) have attract great interests due to its excellent thermoacoustic effect. Traditional sound devices usually have a sound field with a special directivity, while the LIG-based sound device will have an omnidirectional sound field when bent into a cylinder. Besides, the sound pressure of the thermoacoustic device has a linear and inverse relationship with the input electrical power and the testing distance respectively. This novel sound device will have great application potentials in flexible electronics and can be helpful for the integration of a whole flexible electrical system.
关键词： Thermoacoustic effect,Laser-induced-graphene,Sound device,Omnidirectional
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Laser-induced graphene hybrid photoelectrode for enhanced photoelectrochemical detection of glucose
摘要： The combination of electrocatalyst with semiconductor light-absorber is of great importance to increase the efficiency of photoelectrochemical (PEC) glucose detection. Here, in-situ and synchronous fabrication of Ni-based electrocatalyst (NiEC) and CdS semiconductor in laser-induced graphene (LIG) on indium?tin oxide glass is demonstrated via a one-step laser-induced solid phase transition. A series of component and structural characterizations suggest that the laser-induced NiEC uniformly disperses in the hybrid nanocomposite and exists mainly in the form of Ni0 and NiO state. Moreover, both electrochemical and PEC investigations confirm that the as-prepared hybrid photoelectrode exhibits excellent photoelectrocatalytic ability towards glucose, which is not only attributed to the strong synergistic interaction between CdS and NiEC, but also benefited from the high conductivity as well as 3D macroporous configuration of the simultaneously formed LIG, providing the key factor to achieve sensitive non-enzymatic PEC glucose sensors. Therefore, the laser-induced hybrid photoelectrode is then applied to the PEC detection of glucose, and a low detection limit of 0.4 μM is obtained with good stability, reproducibility, and selectivity. This study provides a promising paradigm for the facile and binder-free fabrication of electrocatalyst?semiconductor?graphene hybrid photoelectrode, which will find potential applications in sensitive PEC biosensing for a broad range of analytes.
关键词： nickel electrocatalyst,hybrid nanocomposite,cadmium sulfide,photoelectrochemical sensing,laser-induced graphene,glucose
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Laser-Writing of Janus Graphene/Kevlar Textile for Intelligent Protective Clothing
摘要： Protective clothing plays a vital role in safety and security. Traditional protective clothing can protect human body from physical injure. It is highly desired if modern wearable electronics can be integrated into traditional protection suit to endow it with versatile smart functions. However, it is still challenging to integrate electronics into clothing through a practical approach while keeping the intrinsic flexibility and breathability of textiles. In this work, we realized the direct writing of laser-induced graphene (LIG) on Kevlar textile in air and demonstrated the applications the as-prepared Janus graphene/Kevlar textile in intelligent protective clothing. The C=O and N?C bonds in Kevlar were broken and the remaining carbon atoms were reorganized into graphene, which can be ascribed to photothermal effect induced by the laser irradiation. Proof-of-concept devices based on the prepared graphene/Kevlar textile, including flexible Zn-air batteries, electrocardiogram electrodes, and NO2 sensors, were demonstrated. Furtherly, we fabricated a self-powered and intelligent protective clothing based on the graphene/Kevlar textile. The laser induced direct writing of graphene from commercial textiles in air conditions provides a versatile and rapid route for the fabrication of textile electronics.
关键词： laser-induced graphene,Kevlar textile,NO2 sensor,textile electronics,photothermal effect
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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High-Resolution Laser-Induced Graphene. Flexible Electronics Beyond the Visible Limit.
摘要： Laser-induced graphene (LIG) is a multifunctional graphene foam that is commonly direct-written with an infrared laser into a carbon-based precursor material. Here, a visible 405 nm laser is used to directly convert polyimide into LIG. This enabled the formation of LIG with a spatial resolution of ~ 12 μm and a thickness of < 5 μm. The spatial resolution enabled by the relatively smaller focused spot size of the 405 nm laser represents a > 60% reduction in LIG feature sizes reported in prior publications. This process occurs in situ in an SEM chamber, thus allowing direct observation of LIG formation. The reduced size of the LIG features enables the direct-write formation of flexible electronics which are not visible to the unaided eye. A humidity sensor is demonstrated which could detect human breath with a response time of 250 ms. With the growing interest in LIG for flexible electronics and sensors, finer features can greatly expand its utility.
关键词： high resolution,visible laser,flexible sensor,Laser-induced graphene
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A multifunctional and highly flexible triboelectric nanogenerator based on MXene-enabled porous film integrated with laser-induced graphene electrode
摘要： The ambient dissipated energy such as the vast scale of mechanical energy in the agricultural system (e.g., leaf swing energy) and the writing motion existing extensively in our daily life are underutilized. Herein, to address these issues and overcome the limitations of conventional batteries, we fabricated a highly ?exible and e?ective triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on MXene and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite (PDMS/MXene) ?lm and laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrode. The introduction of conductive and electronegative MXene into PDMS to fabricate porous ?lm, not only enhances the electrical conductivity but also increases the triboelectronegativity. As a result, the output performance is signi?cantly improved, 7-fold greater than the pure ?at PDMS-based TENG. The developed TENG with excellent performance, considerable adhesion, and outstanding ?exibility was successfully applied for harvesting leaf swing energy and being used as a writing board to collect writing energy. Furthermore, we developed a MXene-based TENG array acting as a self-powered sensor for handwriting recognition. In this regard, MXene-enabled TENG possesses a great promising in harvesting mechanical energy from the agricultural ?eld (e.g., leaf swing energy) and human activities (e.g., writing), moreover, it can further be applied in writing or tactile sensing for pad, robotics, and man-machine interaction ?eld.
关键词： MXene,Writing energy,Laser-induced graphene,Triboelectric nanogenerator,Leaf swing energy
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59