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Digital Modeling and Display of Ancient Architecture Based on Multi-Station Laser Scanning
摘要： In order to better display and protect ancient Chinese architecture, a three-dimensional model reconstruction method based on multi-station laser scanning is proposed. This method mainly includes several steps, such as point cloud data collection, preconditioning, multi-site cloud data fusion, point cloud data compression, 3D model reconstruction and texture mapping, environment rendering, video processing, and 3D roaming. According to the requirement of video rendering and virtual roaming, we focus on cloud processing, 3D modeling and 3D model display in this paper. Experimental results show that an famous building named Enshi Dong Drum Tower is well digitally reconstructed, so as to result in ethnic characteristics and cultural heritage protection in practical application.
关键词： 3D laser scanning,3D reconstruction,ancient architecture,point cloud data,digital modeling
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Impact of Resolution and Texture of Laser Scanning Generated Three‐Dimensional Models on Landmark Identification
摘要： The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the resolution and texture of 3D models created through laser scanning on the measurement error (ME) of craniometric landmarks. Ten skulls were scanned at five different resolutions, and the generated 3D models were exported with and without texture. The 3D coordinates of 28 landmarks were derived. Each landmark was picked five times by one observer. The ME of a definite landmark was calculated as an average of distances between the repeated placements of the landmark by the observer and the landmark centroid. One-way ANOVA was applied for detection of significant differences in the MEs between and within landmark types recorded at different resolutions. The MEs of landmark types in textured and non-textured models were compared by a paired test. Twelve linear measurements were calculated as interlandmark distances and their values obtained on the models of different resolution were compared. The Frankfurt horizontal plane was constructed for each model and its deviation was calculated at different resolutions. Scan resolution impacted MEs of Type 1 and 2 landmarks, but not the precision level of Type 3 landmarks. Texture most influenced the precise identification of Type 1 landmarks. The interlandmark distances between Type 2 landmarks were most consistent in their values, those between Type 1 landmarks showed deviations in low-resolution models, and distances between Type 3 landmarks demonstrated various patterns of transition of the values throughout the resolutions. Altogether, the use of textured high-resolution models would be preferable in morphometric studies.
关键词： Laser scanning,3D model,craniometric landmarks,texture,measurement error,resolution
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Virtual factory layouts from 3D laser scanning – A novel framework to define solid model requirements
摘要： In a world with increasing customer demands, manufacturing companies must develop and produce products more rapidly and adapt their production systems offline, to not disturb the ongoing processes. This creates a demand of using digital production development so that development can be performed in parallel with production. Virtual factory layouts (VFLs) are essential for companies in order to plan their factory layout and evaluate production scenarios. However, requirements for a VFL depends heavily on its purpose. For example, the requirements on a model for offline programming of robots are different from those on a model used to determine buffer locations. There is currently a lack of clear guidelines for how developed a VFL should be to fulfil said requirements, which contributes to unnecessary modelling time and variation in delivery quality. This paper aims to put the actual demands and requirements of a VFL in focus. By adapting a Level of Development-framework for establishment of Building Information Models (BIMs) and connecting it to the purpose of VFLs, development of a framework for detail and functionality level of VFLs is enabled. Such a purpose-oriented framework will help to define delivery packages suited for different circumstances, which will provide the modeler with knowledge of how much detail and functionality a specific model should contain. The increased clarity provided by the developed framework results in a clearer connection between expected result and actual output from a custom VFL project. Also, by connecting model properties or development to the model-purpose, the framework brings clarity and structure to a currently vague field. This provides means for a more efficient and accurate use of VFLs, which will support the rapid development of production facilities.
关键词： layout,virtual factory,3D laser scanning,3D-imaging
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Object-Based Crack Detection and Attribute Extraction From Laser-Scanning 3D Profile Data
摘要： Cracks in 3D pavement data often show poor continuity, low contrast and different depths, which bring great challenges to related application. Recently, crack attributes, e.g. depth and width have attracted attention of highway agencies for maintenance decision-makings, but few studies have been conducted on crack attributes. This paper presents object-based image analysis (OBIA) method for crack detection and attribute extraction from laser-scanning 3D pro?le data with elevation accuracy about 0.25 mm. Firstly, a high-pass ?lter designed for pavement components in our previous research was applied to remove the ?uctuation posture in 3D data, and then the smallest of-constant false-alarm rate algorithm was used to acquire lower point sets, including crack seeds and lower textures. Secondly, the objects were represented by above obtained 3D point sets and OBIA, especially, the depth statistics, shape and topological features of objects were described. Moreover, to enhance crack objects and remove texture objects gradually, multi-scale object selections and merges were conducted according to the local statistical characteristics differences of objects. Thirdly, the objects’ orientation attributes were combined with tensor voting to connect and infer ?nal crack objects, and then the object-level crack depth attributes could be extracted. The experimental results demonstrated that proposed method achieved average buffered Hausdorff scores of 94.39, Recall of 0.92 and F-value of 0.91 for crack detection on 30 real measured 3D asphalt pavement data. Furthermore, crack depth attributes can be extracted at different scales according requirements, the obtained location and depth attributes provide more comprehensive information for pavement maintenances.
关键词： Laser-scanning 3D,crack detection,crack attribute,tensor voting,OBIA
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A Novel Multi-View-Angle Range Images Generation Method for Measurement of Complicated Polyhedron in 3D Space
摘要： A new kind of generation method is proposed in this paper to acquire range images for complicated polyhedron in 3D space from a series of view angles. In the proposed generation method, concept of three-view drawing in mechanical cartography is introduced into the range image generation procedure. Negative and positive directions of ??-, ??-, and ??-axes are selected as the view angles to generate the range images for complicated polyhedron in 3D space. Furthermore, a novel iterative operation of mathematical morphology is proposed to ensure that satisfactory range images can be generated for the polyhedron from all the selected view angles. Compared with the existing method based on single view angle and interpolation operation, structure features contained in surface of the complicated polyhedron can be represented more consistently with the reality by using the proposed multi-view-angle range images generation method. The proposed generation method is validated by using an experiment.
关键词： laser scanning,3D space,mathematical morphology,multi-view-angle,complicated polyhedron,range images
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14