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Dual functional optofluidic platform based on light-actuated air plug
摘要： Optical systems based on fluid-fluid interface are gaining great attention because they offer added advantages such as dynamic, reconfigurable, and self-healing capabilities with less complex fabrication steps compared to the solid based optical elements. Moreover, cost-effectiveness and ease of miniaturization pave a potential route towards the realization of portable optical and optofluidic devices. However, a single optofluidic device having remotely controlled multifunctional capabilities remains a challenge. We demonstrate an optofluidic multifunctional strategy, which could operate either as an optical switch or a tunable liquid lens. The principle relies on light-controlled volumetric change of an air plug confined in a minichannel filled with water. For the optical switch, volumetric change of the air plug modulates total internal reflection. A temperature difference of only 0.2 °C is sufficient for a subsecond switching time (0.6 ± 0.1 s). For the liquid lens, the change of plug size acts as an actuator to control the meniscus shape of the liquid. Upon heating or cooling, the meniscus develops a convex or a concave lens respectively. A temperature difference of 0.1–0.7 °C is sufficient for realizing tunability in the focal length. The demonstrated strategy is simple, cost-effective, non-contact and the device could be operated at room temperature.
关键词： Optical switch,Total internal reflection,Liquid lens
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Tunable Spreading and Shrinking on Photocontrolled Liquid Substrate
摘要： Droplets of n-hexadecane were observed to shrink under ultraviolet (365 nm) and spread under blue light (475 nm) irradiation on an aqueous solution of photosensitive surfactant AzoTAB. We demonstrate that the change of wettability of n-hexadecane droplet on the solution depends on the change of oil?water interface tension. According to the addition of ethanol into the substrate, the change of relative diameter ΔD/D exceeds 20%, much larger than the system without ethanol. With light-emitting diode (LED) light as a sole power source, without any other triggers, we provide a contactless and isothermal method to realize photocontrolled alternative spreading and shrinking of a droplet on a liquid surface, which provides a basis for a chromocapillary-based optical zoom liquid lens.
关键词： photosensitive surfactant AzoTAB,oil?water interface tension,optical zoom liquid lens,n-hexadecane,UV/blue light irradiation,chromocapillary effect
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Analysis of axial scanning range and magnification variation in wide-field microscope for measurement using an electrically tunable lens
摘要： Inserting an electrically tunable lens (ETL), such as liquid lens or tunable acoustic gradient lens, into a microscope can enable fast axial scanning, autofocusing, and extended depth of field. However, placing the ETL at different positions has different influences on image quality. Specially, in a wide-field microscope for measurement, the magnification has to be constant when introducing an ETL, otherwise it will affect measurement accuracy. To determine the best position of ETL, axial scanning range and magnification variation are quantitatively analyzed and discussed in finite and infinite microscopes through theoretical analysis, optical simulation, and experiment for four configurations: when ETL is placed at the back focal plane of objective, at the conjugate plane of objective's back focal plane between two relay lenses, or behind two relay lenses, and at imaging detector plane. The obtained results are as follows. When ETL is placed at the back focal plane, the system has a large scanning range, but the magnification varies because the back focal plane is inside the objective. When ETL is placed between two relay lenses, the magnification stays constant, but the scanning range is small. When ETL is placed behind two relay lenses, the magnification keeps invariant and the scanning range is large, but ETL and two relay lenses are inside the microscope and the system has to be customized. Finally, when ETL is placed at imaging detector plane, the magnification stays constant, but the scanning range is 0, which means the system has no axial scanning capability.
关键词： magnification variation,wide-field microscope for measurement,axial scanning range,liquid lens
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Adaptive Liquid Lens Actuated by Droplet Movement
摘要： In this paper we report an adaptive liquid lens actuated by droplet movement. Four rectangular PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrylate) substrates are stacked to form the device structure. Two ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) sheets stick on the bottom substrate. One PMMA sheet with a light hole is inserted in the middle of the device. A conductive droplet is placed on the substrate and touches the PMMA sheet to form a small closed reservoir. The reservoir is filled with another immiscible non-conductive liquid. The non-conductive liquid can form a smooth concave interface with the light hole. When the device is applied with voltage, the droplet stretches towards the reservoir. The volume of the reservoir reduces, changing the curvature of the interface. The device can thus achieve the function of an adaptive lens. Our experiments show that the focal length can be varied from ?10 to ?159 mm as the applied voltage changes from 0 to 65 V. The response time of the liquid lens is ~75 ms. The proposed device has potential applications in many fields such as information displays, imaging systems, and laser scanning systems.
关键词： electrowetting,liquid,lens
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46