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Data fusion strategy in quantitative analysis of spectroscopy relevant to olive oil adulteration
摘要： Olive oil adulteration with various less expensive edible oils represents a great danger for consumers. Spectrometry has been used to detect olive oil adulteration with other oil, but we need more robust and accurate model. Therefore, this work investigated the combination of infrared (NIR) and mid infrared (MIR) spectroscopy for the quantification of rapeseed oil in olive oil blends. Furthermore, a partial least squares (PLS) model was established to predict the concentration of the adulterant. Models constructed using baseline correction by combination of standard normal variate (SNV), SG smoothing and vector normalization pretreatments, respectively. Three data fusion strategies (low, mid and high-level) have been applied to take advantage of the synergistic effect of the information obtained from NIR and MIR. We chose algorithm (SPA) to extract spectral features for mid-level data fusion. Binary linear regression used in high-level data fusion. We selected the best pretreatment for final evaluation according to the evaluation parameters (R2 of calibration and validation, RMSECV and RMSEP). NIR, MIR and data fusion models were evaluated by comparing the R2 of validation and RMSEP (root mean square error of prediction). The RMSEP of low-level (3.44) , high-level (2.86) data fusion were better than NIR（7.09）, MIR（4.04）, mid-level（6.09）and the validation coefficient of determination R2 of low-level data fusion (0.975) and high-level data fusion (0.988) are better than the NIR (0.896) and MIR (0.966). Results showed that：(1) NIR and MIR are fast and non-destructive testing tools to detect the extra-virgin olive oil adulteration with rapeseed oil. (2) Low-level data fusion can effectively improve model prediction accuracy. (3) SPA reduced the number of variables, but it did not improved the results. (4) High-level data fusion strategy can be used as a reliable tool for quantitative analysis.
关键词： Olive oil,data fusion,SPA,MIR,Adulteration,NIR
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Rapid screening of ochratoxin A in wheat by infrared spectroscopy
摘要： The use of infrared spectroscopy for the screening of 229 unprocessed durum wheat samples naturally contaminated with OTA has been investigated. Samples were analysed by both Fourier Transform near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR, FT-MIR). Partial-Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and Principal Component-Linear Discriminant Analysis (PC-LDA) classification models were used to differentiate highly contaminated durum wheat samples from low contaminated ones and the performances of the resulting models were compared. The overall discrimination rates were higher than 94% for both FT-NIR and FT-MIR range by using a cut-off limit set at 2 μg/kg OTA, independently from the classification model used thus confirming the reliability of the two statistical approaches used. False compliant rates of 6% were obtained for both spectral ranges and both classification models. These findings indicate that FT-NIR, as well as FT-MIR analysis, might be a promising, inexpensive and easy-to-use screening tool to rapidly discriminate unprocessed wheat samples for OTA content.
关键词： Principal component analysis,Screening method,Ochratoxin A,Unprocessed wheat,FT-NIR/MIR spectroscopy,Linear discriminant analysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 15th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - Cancun (2018.8.29-2018.8.31)] 2018 IEEE 15th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - Mid-Infrared Platforms for Chemical Sensing
摘要： For small gas systems using arrays of QCL sources, we have developed two distinct technology platforms for the fabrication of AWG, with more than 35 inputs in (i) the 3μm-8μm band for SiGe40 cores cladded with Si and (ii) the 8-12μm band for Ge cores cladded with SiGe20.
关键词： Germanium,AWG,MIR
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Crystal growth and spectroscopic investigations of Dy:YAlO3 and Dy,Tm:YAlO3 crystals for a??3a?ˉ??m laser application
摘要： Dy3+:YAP and Dy3+,Tm3+:YAP single crystals have been successfully synthesized by Czochralski (CZ) method aiming for ~3 μm emission. The optical absorption and emission features of both crystals were studied in detail. A narrow and weak absorption band around 800 nm as well as an upconversion emission under the excitation of 802 nm in Dy3+:YAP crystal along with a weak ~3 μm emission were observed, indicating that Dy3+:YAP crystal is not suitable for direct pumping under 800 nm excitation. Tm3+ ion was introduced as a sensitizer for enhancing ~3 μm emission and found that co-doping with Tm3+ greatly improved the absorption capacity around 800 nm. An enhanced ~3 μm emission was observed in Dy3+,Tm3+:YAP crystal under 795 nm excitation. The energy transfer mechanisms between Dy3+ and Tm3+ ions and the energy transfer micro-parameters were discussed. Higher values of microscopic energy transfer constants between Dy3+ and Tm3+ ions were obtained, proving Tm3+ ion act as an effective sensitizer for Dy3+ ion in YAP crystal. Following the obtained optical results, Dy3+,Tm3+:YAP crystal could be a promising medium for 3 μm laser operation under 795 nm laser diode for practical applications.
关键词： optical absorption,energy transfer micro-parameters,3 μm emission,MIR laser,Dy3+,Tm3+:YAP crystal
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Efficacy of propranolol and pingyangmycin, respectively, combined with pulsed dye laser on children with hemangioma
摘要： Clinical efficacy of propranolol and pingyangmycin, respectively, combined with pulsed dye laser in the treatment of children with hemangioma was analyzed, to provide a new therapeutic idea for their clinical treatment. A total of 120 children with hemangioma were selected into the study. Children treated with propranolol combined with pulsed dye laser were in group A, those treated with pingyangmycin combined with pulsed dye laser were in group B, and 60 healthy children were selected as control group (group C). Blood samples of children were taken before and after treatment for miR?4295 detection. The expression of miR?4295 was observed after treatment, and the total clinical remission rate and adverse reactions after treatment were compared between the two groups. The tumor volume of the two groups was significantly reduced after treatment, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05); miR?4295 expression was reduced in the two groups (P<0.05); adverse reactions in propranolol group were less than pingyangmycin group during treatment (P<0.05). Propranolol and pingyangmycin, respectively, combined with pulsed dye laser had ideal efficacy on hemangioma in children. Moreover, miR?4295 was highly expressed in children with hemangioma, and the expression level reduced after two methods of treatment. However, adverse reactions in propranolol group were less and its safety was higher.
关键词： pingyangmycin,miR?4295,children with hemangioma,pulsed dye laser
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Advances in Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy-Based Sensing Techniques for Exhaled Breath Diagnostics
摘要： Human exhaled breath consists of more than 3000 volatile organic compounds, many of which are relevant biomarkers for various diseases. Although gas chromatography has been the gold standard for volatile organic compound (VOC) detection in exhaled breath, recent developments in mid-infrared (MIR) laser spectroscopy have led to the promise of compact point-of-care (POC) optical instruments enabling even single breath diagnostics. In this review, we discuss the evolution of MIR sensing technologies with a special focus on photoacoustic spectroscopy, and its application in exhaled breath biomarker detection. While mid-infrared point-of-care instrumentation promises high sensitivity and inherent molecular selectivity, the lack of standardization of the various techniques has to be overcome for translating these techniques into more widespread real-time clinical use.
关键词： point-of-care (POC),infrared lasers,MIR,photoacoustic spectroscopy,biomarkers,exhaled breath analysis,non-invasive diagnostics,QCL,quantum cascade lasers,mid-infrared
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Optoelectronic properties analysis of silicon light-emitting diode monolithically integrated in standard CMOS IC
摘要： Objectives: The function of miR‐611 has not yet been reported. We aimed to investigate the effects of miR‐611 on tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and the underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods: The expression level of miR‐611 in TSCC tissues was measured using quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were examined by performing CCK‐8, IncuCyte and Transwell assays. Bioinformatics analyses and microarrays were used to screen for target genes, which were verified using a luciferase reporter assay, RT‐qPCR and Western blotting. The xenograft model was used to assess the effects of miR‐611 in vivo. Results: miR‐611 was upregulated in TSCC tissues, which was significantly correlated with TNM stage and negatively associated with the overall survival of patients. In addition, upregulation of miR‐611 not only potentiated the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of TSCC cells in vitro, but also promoted tumour growth in vivo. FOXN3 was identified as a candidate target gene of miR‐611 and subsequently verified. Finally, miR‐611 induced a malignant phenotype of TSCC, which was rescued by overexpression of FOXN3. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that miR‐611 is a novel therapeutic target for TSCC.
关键词： miR‐611,FOXN3,tongue squamous cell carcinoma,epithelial–mesenchymal transition,proliferation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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EXPRESS: Comparison of Individual and Integrated Inline Raman, Near-Infrared, and Mid-Infrared Spectroscopic Models to Predict the Viscosity of Micellar Liquids
摘要： In many industries, viscosity is an important quality parameter which significantly affects consumer satisfaction and process efficiency. In the personal care industry, this applies to products like shampoo and shower gels whose complex structures are built up of micellar liquids. Measuring viscosity offline is well established using benchtop rheometers and viscometers. The difficulty lies in measuring this property directly in the process via on or inline technologies. Therefore, the aim of this work is to investigate whether proxy measurements using in-line vibrational spectroscopy, e.g., near infrared (NIR), mid-infrared (MIR), and Raman, can be used to predict the viscosity of micellar liquids. As optical techniques, they are non-destructive and easily implementable process analytical tools where each type of spectroscopy detects different molecular functionalities. Inline fiber optic coupled probes were employed; a transmission probe for NIR measurements, an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) probe for MIR and a backscattering probe for Raman. Models were developed using forward interval partial least squares (iPLS) variable selection and log viscosity was used. For each technique combinations of pre-processing techniques were trialed including detrending, Whittaker filters, standard normal variate (SNV) and multiple scatter correction (MSC). The results indicate that all three techniques could be applied individually to predict the viscosity of micellar liquids all showing comparable errors of prediction: NIR: 1.75 Pa s; MIR: 1.73 Pa s; and Raman: 1.57 Pa s. The Raman model showed the highest relative prediction deviation (RPD) value of 5.07, with the NIR and MIR models showing slightly lower values of 4.57 and 4.61, respectively. Data fusion was also explored to determine whether employing information from more than one dataset improved the model quality. Trials involved weighting datasets based on their signal to noise ratio and weighting based on transmission curves (IR datasets only). The signal to noise weighted NIR-MIR-Raman model showed the best performance compared with both combined and individual models with a RMSECV of 0.75 Pa s and an RPD of 10.62. This comparative study provides a good initial assessment of the three prospective process analytical technologies for the measurement of micellar liquid viscosity but also provides a good basis for general measurements of inline viscosity using commercially available process analytical technology. With these techniques typically being employed for compositional analysis, this work presents their capability in the measurement of viscosity–an important physical parameter, extending the applicability of these spectroscopic techniques.
关键词： MIR,viscosity,near-infrared,micellar liquids,spectroscopy,partial least squares,Raman,mid-infrared,NIR,PLS,Inline
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Artificial Intelligence Assisted Mid-Infrared Laser Spectroscopy In Situ Detection of Petroleum in Soils
摘要： A simple, remote-sensed method of detection of traces of petroleum in soil combining artificial intelligence (AI) with mid-infrared (MIR) laser spectroscopy is presented. A portable MIR quantum cascade laser (QCL) was used as an excitation source, making the technique amenable to field applications. The MIR spectral region is more informative and useful than the near IR region for the detection of pollutants in soil. Remote sensing, coupled with a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, was used to accurately identify the presence/absence of traces of petroleum in soil mixtures. Chemometrics tools such as principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and SVM demonstrated the effectiveness of rapidly differentiating between different soil types and detecting the presence of petroleum traces in different soil matrices such as sea sand, red soil, and brown soil. Comparisons between results of PLS-DA and SVM were based on sensitivity, selectivity, and areas under receiver-operator curves (ROC). An innovative statistical analysis method of calculating limits of detection (LOD) and limits of decision (LD) from fits of the probability of detection was developed. Results for QCL/PLS-DA models achieved LOD and LD of 0.2% and 0.01% for petroleum/soil, respectively. The superior performance of QCL/SVM models improved these values to 0.04% and 0.003%, respectively, providing better identification probability of soils contaminated with petroleum.
关键词： chemometrics,soil,artificial intelligence (AI),multivariate analysis,mid-infrared (MIR) laser spectroscopy,petroleum,quantum cascade lasers (QCLs)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE SENSORS - Montreal, QC, Canada (2019.10.27-2019.10.30)] 2019 IEEE SENSORS - Evanescent field waveguide particle detector : Simulations concerning size and shape dependence
摘要： The midinfrared (MIR) spectral region (3–5 μm), which penetrates most haze layers in the atmosphere and is less sensitive to variations in atmospheric water vapor, seems to be appropriate for retrieving land surface temperature (LST). However, there are currently few studies of LST retrieval with MIR data because it is difficult to eliminate solar irradiance from the total energy measured in the MIR during the daytime. This paper proposes a physics-based method to retrieve LST from MODIS daytime MIR data. The bidirectional reflectivity describing the reflected solar direct irradiance is determined using the method by Tang and Li. The directional emissivity, representing the surface emitted radiance, is determined by a kernel-driven bidirectional reflectance distribution function model, i.e., RossThick-LiSparse-R. Intercomparisons using the MODIS-derived LST product MYD11_L2, for the Baotou experimental site in Urad Qianqi, Inner Mongolia, China, have a maximum root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 1.69 K and a minimum RMSE of 1.31 K, for four scenes of MODIS images. Furthermore, in situ LSTs measured at the Hailar field site in northeastern Inner Mongolia, China, were also used to validate the proposed method. Comparisons of the LSTs retrieved from MODIS daytime MIR data and those calculated using in situ measurements have a bias and RMSE of ?0.17 K and 1.42 K, respectively, which indicates that the proposed method can accurately retrieve LST from MODIS daytime MIR data.
关键词： MODIS,midinfrared (MIR),Daytime,land surface temperature (LST)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57