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Exosomes Derived From Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulate miR-126 to Ameliorate Hyperglycemia-Induced Retinal Inflammation Via Targeting HMGB1
摘要： PURPOSE. In this study, we aim to investigate whether mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) could regulate hyperglycemia-induced retinal inflammation by transferring microRNA-126 (miR-126). METHODS. MSC-Exos were isolated from the media of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs), and this isolation was followed by the transfer of miR-126. MSC-Exos or MSC-Exos overexpressing miR-126 were intravitreally injected into diabetic rats in vivo and were cocultured with high glucose-affected human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) in vitro. Plasma samples were obtained from the vitreous of rats and from HREC cells after treatment for ELISA assay. Retinal sections were examined using immunohistochemistry. RT-PCR and Western blotting were conducted to assess the levels of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), NLRP3 inflammasome, and NF-jB/P65 in retinas and HRECs. RESULTS. Our results showed that hyperglycemia greatly increased inflammation in diabetic rats or HRECs exposed to high glucose, increasing the levels of caspase-1, interleukin-1b (IL-1b) and IL-18. The administration of MSC-Exos could effectively reverse this reaction. Compared to control MSC-Exos, MSC-Exos overexpressing miR-126 more successfully suppressed the HMGB1 signaling pathway and suppressed inflammation in diabetic rats. The administration of miR-126-expressing MSC-Exos significantly reduced high glucose-induced HMGB1 expression and the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome in HRECs. CONCLUSIONS. miR-126 expression in MSC-Exos reduces hyperglycemia-induced retinal inflammation by downregulating the HMGB1 signaling pathway.
关键词： HMGB1,exosome,NLRP3 inflammasome,miR-126,mesenchymal stem cell
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Bucharest (2018.7.1-2018.7.5)] 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Efficient Algorithms for Optical Properties of Short Period Semiconductor Superlattices
摘要： This talk will deliver a review of a set of analytical equations for both luminescence and absorption of semiconductors, which have proven useful to describe dilute semiconductors. The algorithms can be a useful tool for superlattices and other effective three dimensional materials treated with the anisotropic medium approach.
关键词： luminescence,semiconductor superlattices,TERA-MIR
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Potato hierarchical clustering and doneness degree determination by near-infrared (NIR) and attenuated total reflectance mid-infrared (ATR-MIR) spectroscopy
摘要： Near-infrared (NIR) and attenuated total reflectance mid-infrared (ATR-MIR) spectroscopy were used to identify potato varieties and detect potato doneness degree. The varieties of potato tubers can be successfully classified by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The partial least squares regression (PLSR) model exhibited good prediction result for the doneness degree evaluation. Principal component and first-derivative iteration algorithm (PCFIA) was introduced to select feature variables instead of using the full wavelength spectra for modelling. Based on two sets of feature variables selected from NIR and MIR regions, both NIR–PCFIA–HCA and MIR–PCFIA–HCA showed higher performances of hierarchical clustering. Moreover, NIR–PCFIA–PLSR and MIR–PCFIA–PLSR models were effectively used to predict tuber doneness degree, yielding the RP as high as 0.935 and the RMSEP as low as of 0.503. It is concluded that the PCFIA is an effective approach for feature variable selection, and both NIR and MIR spectroscopic techniques are capable of classifying potato varieties and determining potato doneness degree.
关键词： HCA,ATR-MIR,Potato,Variable selection,PLSR,NIR
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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One-step scalable fluorescent microgel bioassay for the ultrasensitive detection of endogenous viral miR-US4-5p
摘要： Human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) infection is the leading cause of birth defects in newborns and death in immunosuppressed people. Traditional techniques require time-consuming and costly analyses, and sometimes result in false positive results; thus, a rapid and accurate detection for hCMV infection is necessary. Recently, hcmv-miR-US4-5p was selected as the biomarker for cytomegalovirus diagnosis and follow-up. Herein, we propose a bioassay based on microgels endowed with optical fluorescent oligonucleotide probes for the detection of circulating endogenous hcmv-microRNAs. In particular, a double strand probe, based on the fluorescence recovery after target capture, was conjugated on microgels and the probe density was opportunely optimised. Then, the microgels were directly mixed with the sample. The fluorescence read-out was measured as a function of target concentration at a fixed number of microgels per tube. As a bead-based assay, the performances of optical detection in terms of dynamic working range and limit of detection could be finely tuned by tuning the number of microgels per tube. The limit of detection of the assay could be tuned in the range from 39.1 fM to 156 aM by changing the microgel concentration from 50 μg mL?1 to 0.5 μg mL?1, respectively. The assay results specific for the selected target were stable over a one-year time span and they were not affected by the presence of human serum. Therefore, this bioassay based on microgels might represent a flexible platform that should be able to predict, identify and follow-up several diseases by monitoring freely circulating oligonucleotides in body fluids.
关键词： hcmv-miR-US4-5p,fluorescence recovery,toehold displacement,microgel bioassay,ultrasensitive detection
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Surface‐Modified Metallic Ti <sub/>3</sub> C <sub/>2</sub> T <sub/>x</sub> MXene as Electron Transport Layer for Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Growing reports indicate that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) are involved in the regulation of various biological processes of cancer cells. LINC00319 is an ill investigated lncRNA and has been shown to regulate lung cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and ovarian cancer. Nevertheless, its roles in bladder cancer (BCa) remain unclear. In our research, LINC00319 was shown to be an upregulated lncRNA in BCa tissues. LINC00319 expression is negatively correlated with the patient’s prognosis. Silencing of LINC00319 suppressed BCa proliferation and invasiveness. In addition, the data indicated LINC00319 was a sponge for miR‐4492 and miR‐4492 suppressed ROMO1 expression in BCa. Furthermore, our results illustrated miR‐4492/ROMO1 axis regulates proliferation, migration, and invasion and LINC00319 exerts oncogenic roles through modulating miR‐4492/ROMO1 axis. In sum, this study suggested that LINC00319 acts as oncogenic roles in BCa progression.
关键词： ROMO1,LINC00319,BCa,miR‐4492,progression
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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585a??nm light-emitting diodes inhibit melanogenesis through upregulating H19/miR-675 axis in LEDs-irradiated keratinocytes by paracrine effect
摘要： 585 nm light-emitting diodes have been proven to suppress melanogenesis in melanocytes. However, whether LEDs will influence normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and paracrine effect of LEDs-irradiated NHEKs in melanogenesis remains unknown. Objective: To elucidate the possible mechanisms in vitro of anti-melanogenic activity of 585 nm LEDs on paracrine effect of NHEKs and its exosomes. Methods: NHEKs irradiated with different fluences of 585 nm LEDs were evaluated the cell viability by CCK8 assay. Irradiated medium of NHEKs was co-cultured with melanocytes. Melanin content, tyrosinase activity and melanogenic enzymes activities were detected. Exosomes from NHEKs medium were isolated and characterized by electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The expression changes of H19 and its encoded exosomal miR-675 were analyzed. Results: Irradiation with 585 nm LEDs from 0 J/cm2 to 20 J/cm2 had no cytotoxic effect on NHEKs. After co-cultured with irradiated medium of NHEKs, melanin content and tyrosinase activity were reduced and the melanogenic activities were downregulated on both mRNA and protein levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1). H19 and its derived exosomal miR-675 from NHEKs, which has been proven relevant to melanogenesis, were significantly upregulated after irradiation. Furthermore, H19 knockdown and miR-675 inhibition in NHEKs could attenuate the inhibition effect of 585 nm LEDs on melanogenesis. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that 585 nm LEDs could inhibit melanogenesis via the up-regulation of H19 and its derived exosomal miR-675 from NHEKs, which was considered as a novel paracrine factor in regulating melanogenesis.
关键词： exosomes,H19/miR-675,melanogenesis,Light-emitting diode (LEDs),keratinocyte
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Performance evaluation of solar absorption-compression cascade refrigeration system with an integrated air-cooled compression cycle
摘要： Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), also known as acne inversa, is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting apocrine gland-bearing areas of the body. Although the precise pathogenesis of HS is unclear, genetic mutation may one important factor. Recently, loss-of-function mutations of nicastrin (NCSTN), a subunit of γ-secretase, are detected in some familial HS patients. In 2016, we reported that the expression of both AKT and its activated form phosphorylated-AKT (p-AKT) is up-regulated in NCSTN-silencing HaCaT cells. But how defective NCSTN affected AKT is still unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs functioning as biological regulators in some skin diseases. In previous study, we found that miR-100-5p was down-regulated in both familial HS and keratinocyte specific-NCSTN-knockout (NcstnΔKC) mice. As AKT-related pathway is one target of miR-100-5p, whether decreased miR-100-5p expression could affect skin cells through this pathway in familial HS with NCSTN mutation remains to be proved. Here, we investigated the effect of miR-100-5p on AKT to influence skin keratinocyte proliferation in the presence of NCSTN mutation.
关键词： miR-100-5p,AKT,keratinocyte proliferation,NCSTN mutation,Hidradenitis suppurativa
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Wavelength Stabilized External Cavity Quantum Cascade Lasers using Cavity Resonator Integrated Grating Filters
摘要： External cavity diode lasers (ECDLs) are a standard way of building single-mode and narrow-linewidth sources [1], while keeping the intrinsic benefits of semiconductor lasers like compactness, low-cost and high-modulation capability. Traditional ECDLs design uses a bulk diffraction grating in Littrow or Littman/Metcalf configurations. In this paper, we report on the use of recently demonstrated MIR Cavity Resonator Integrated Grating Filters (MIR-CRIGFs) [2] to implement an alternative configuration using a compact and stable cat’s-eye configuration. The external cavity under study is made of a 4.5 μm QCL laser grown on InP substrate with an HR coating on the rear facet and an optimized AR coating on the front facet. An intracavity lens (f=1.87 mm) images the AR coated facet onto a CRIGF used both as a cavity end-mirror and a spectral filter. The total cavity length is short, estimated around 4.2 cm. The initial cavity alignment is straightforward thanks to the high sensitivity of the QCL gain chip to optical feedback, monitored through injection voltage. On figure 1, the different CRIGFs are clearly visible (large white rectangles arranged on two 6x10 matrices with varying geometrical parameters). CRIGFs where the central GC appears as a dark narrow vertical stripe are the one inducing the highest optical feedback in the QCL. They correspond to the CRIGFs spectrally matched with the QCL gain medium and able to stabilize the emitted frequency.
关键词： External cavity diode lasers,MIR Cavity Resonator Integrated Grating Filters,wavelength stabilisation,QCL laser
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Energy losses and transition radiation in graphene traversed by a fast charged particle under oblique incidence
摘要： We perform fully relativistic calculations of the energy loss channels for a charged particle traversing a single layer of graphene under oblique incidence in a setting pertinent to a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), where we distinguish between the energy deposited in graphene in the form of electronic excitations (Ohmic loss) and the energy emitted in the far field in the form of transition radiation (TR). Our formulation of the problem uses a definition of two in-plane, dielectric functions of graphene, which describe the longitudinal and transverse excitation processes that contribute separately to those two energy loss channels. Using several models for the electric conductivity of graphene as the input in those dielectric functions enables us to discuss the effects of oblique incidence on several processes in a broad range of frequencies, from the terahertz (THz) to the ultraviolet (UV). In particular, at the THz frequencies, we demonstrate that the nonlocal effect in the graphene’s conductivity is not important in the retarded regime, and we show that the longitudinal and transverse contributions to the emitted TR spectra exhibit strongly anisotropic angular patterns that are readily distinguishable in a cathodoluminescence measurement in a STEM. Moreover, we explore the possibility of exciting the so-called transverse mode in the optical response of graphene at the mid-infrared (MIR) range of frequencies by means of a fast charged particle under oblique incidence. Finally, we demonstrate that, aside from the usual high-energy peaks in the longitudinal contribution to the Ohmic energy loss in the MIR to the UV frequency range, there may arise strongly directional features in the in-plane distribution of the transverse contribution to the Ohmic energy loss for an oblique trajectory, which could be possibly observed via momentum- and angle-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy of graphene in STEM.
关键词： MIR,energy loss,STEM,THz,transition radiation,UV,graphene,cathodoluminescence,oblique incidence,Ohmic loss
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Theoretical Model for Optical Spectrum and Structural Dynamics of La2-xSrxCuO4
摘要： Superconductivity in cuprates cannot be fully understood using free-electron theory and the BCS model. Experiments during the last thirty years have shown that structural dynamics and localization cannot be ignored. The Marcus model is applied here for a theoretical assignment of the optical spectra. Hubbard-U absorption at ≈2 eV is assigned as metal/metal (MM) charge transfer transition of type 2Cu(II) + hν → Cu(I) + Cu(III). The mid-infrared (MIR) sharp line at 0.35 eV in La2CuO4 is interpreted as a vibrational transition with intensity borrowing from the crossing Cu(I) + Cu(III) energy curve. Hole-doping decreases U, since holes become available as acceptors. The relationship between the pseudogap and U in the doped cuprate is discussed. The absorption at 0.13 eV and the activation energy at 0.035 eV, existing only after doping, are very likely due to vertical and adiabatic electron exchange of type Cu(III)+Cu(II)→ Cu(II)+Cu(III). The pseudogap involves two-electron states.
关键词： doping,metal-metal charge transfer,vibronic states,Cuprates,superconductivity (SC),MIR absorption,Hubbard-U,pseudogap
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36