- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Highly sensitive strain sensor based on a novel Mach–Zehnder mode interferometer with TCF-PCF-TCF structure
摘要： We have demonstrated a high-sensitivity strain sensor based on a novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) interferometer by means of splicing two sections of thin core fibers (TCF) with a piece of PCF between two single mode fibers (SMFs). The proposed MZI has exhibited an excellent fringe visibility as high as 21 dB in air. Particularly, the measurement range was up to 4 m ε and a strain sensitivity of ?1.89 pm/με was achieved. It was found that the strain sensitivity of the MZI was weekly dependent on the PCF length. The measured sensitivities of the MZI with 25 mm, 30 mm and 35 mm PCF at ～1590 nm were ?1.83 pm/με, ?1.85 pm/με and ?1.77 pm/με, respectively. Moreover, the temperature characteristics of the sensor were also investigated. Additionally, the sensor has advantages of simplicity of fabrication, low cost, compact size as well as large strain measurement range.
关键词： Strain sensor,Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI),Photonic crystal fiber (PCF),Thin core fiber (TCF)
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
Cascaded Two-core PCFs based In-line Fiber Interferometer for Simultaneous Measurement of Strain and Temperature
摘要： A new fiber sensor configuration based on the cascaded in-line fiber interferometers has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature. In order to make the cascaded in-line interferometers, we used two different types of two-core photonic crystal fibers (TCPCFs) having two cores in the symmetry and asymmetry structures. The TCPCFs have different transmission characteristics owing to the distinct geometric structures of the integrated cores, this causes the different strain and temperature sensitivities and thus the two parameters can be discriminated. The measurement resolutions are achieved to be 11.1 με and 1.10 oC for strain and temperature, respectively, in the 10 pm wavelength resolution.
关键词： Mach-Zehnder interferometer,Two-core photonic crystal fiber,strain and temperature sensor
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
MZI-Based All-Optical Modulator Using MXene Ti <sub/>3</sub> C <sub/>2</sub> T <i> <sub/>x</sub></i> (T = F, O, or OH) Deposited Microfiber
摘要： As a new class of 2D materials, MXenes have attracted a lot of interest because of their prominent performance in versatile applications, such as batteries, supercapacitors, catalysts, electronics, and optics. In this work, an all-optical modulator using MXene Ti3C2Tx deposited on a microfiber is proposed. By inserting an MXene-deposited phase shifter into one arm of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, the MXene Ti3C2Tx absorbs the control light and generates heat, which induces significant refractive index changes through strong light–matter interactions and thermo-optic effects. In this study, a maximum phase shift of 16π is obtained, and an efficient all-optical switch with an extinction ratio of more than 18.53 dB and a rise time constant of 4.10 ms are demonstrated. The advantages of this modulator include its all-fiber content, low cost, ease of integration, and compactness. All-optical modulators based on thermo-optical effects will play an active role in the future of optical communications and optical information processing.
关键词： thermo-optical effect,Mach–Zehnder interferometer,all-optical devices,MXene Ti3C2Tx,nanomaterials
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
In-Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based on Three-Core Fiber for Measurement of Directional Bending
摘要： A highly sensitive directional bending sensor based on a three-core fiber (TCF) Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is presented in this study. This MZI-based bending sensor was fabricated by fusion-splicing a section of TCF between two single-mode fibers (SMF) with core-offset. Due to the location of the core in the TCF, a bend applied to the TCF-based MZI led to an elongation or shortening of the core, which makes the sensor suitable for directional bending measurement. To analyze the bending characteristics, two types of TCF-based sensors, with the fusion-spliced core located at different positions between the SMFs, were investigated. A swept source was employed in the measurement technique. The experimental results showed that, for the two types of sensors in this setup, the bending sensitivities of the two sensors were 15.36 nm/m?1 and 3.11 nm/m?1 at the bending direction of 0?, and ?20.48 nm/m?1 and ?5.29 nm/m?1 at the bending direction of 180?. The temperature sensitivities of the two sensors were 0.043 nm/?C and 0.041 nm/?C, respectively. The proposed sensors are compact, versatile, inexpensive to fabricate, and are expected to have potential applications in biomedical sensing.
关键词： Mach-Zehnder interferometer,fiber optic sensors,bending direction,three-core fiber,bending sensitivities
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Highly compact vector bending sensor with microfiber-assisted Mach-Zehnder interferometer
摘要： A low-cost and highly compact fiber-optic vector bending sensor component is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for vector bending sensing. A segment of microfiber tapered from standard single-mode fibers (SMFs) is spliced between two SMFs with pre-designed lateral offset to construct a sandwich type Mach-Zehnder interferometer of 243.32 μm in length. Sensing performances of the proposed vector bending sensor is theoretically analyzed in detail. As the applied curvature increases from 0.3873 m-1 to 3.0 m-1, the transmission spectra of the proposed sensor show distinct linear wavelength shift sensitivities for different directions, the maximum of which is up to 3.419 nm/m-1. Besides, temperature test indicates that the proposed sensor possesses a low temperature cross sensitivity of 33.71 pm/°C, which ensures its applicability for practical uses in temperature-fluctuated environment. Hence, our proposed vector bending sensor possesses such desirable merits as high sensitivity, compact size, low thermal crosstalk, low cost and orientation-dependent spectral response.
关键词： Vector bending sensor,Mach-Zehnder interferometer,Lateral core-offset,Curvature measurement
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Live E. coli bacteria label-free sensing using a microcavity in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer
摘要： The paper presents the first study to date on selective label-free biosensing with a microcavity in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer induced in an optical fiber. The sensing structures were fabricated in a single-mode fiber by femtosecond laser micromachining. In contrast to other studies of this sensing scheme, where only the sensitivity to refractive index changes in the cavity was investigated, this research used chemical surface treatment of the sensor to ensure detection specificity. Immobilized MS2 bacteriophages were applied as recognition elements specifically targeting live E. coli C3000 bacteria. It is shown that the sensor allows for real-time monitoring of biological phenomena taking place on the surface of the microcavity. The developed biosensor exhibits ultrahigh refractive index sensitivity of 15,000 nm/RIU and is capable of detecting live E. coli bacteria concentrations as low as 100 colony forming units (CFU)/mL in liquid volume as low as picoliters.
关键词： label-free biosensing,E. coli C3000 bacteria,refractive index sensitivity,MS2 bacteriophages,femtosecond laser micromachining,microcavity in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer,optical fiber
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
Direct characterization of linear and quadratically nonlinear optical systems
摘要： A central task in quantum-information processing is to characterize quantum processes. In the realm of optical quantum-information processing, this amounts to characterizing the transformations of the mode creation and annihilation operators. This transformation is unitary for linear optical systems, whereas these yield the well-known Bogoliubov transformations for systems with Hamiltonians that are quadratic in the mode operators. In this paper, we propose a shot-noise limited scheme for characterizing both these kinds of evolutions by employing a modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer. In order to characterize a N -mode device, we require O(N 2) measurements. Although it suffices to use coherent states for the characterization of linear optical systems, we additionally require single photons to characterize quadratically nonlinear optical systems.
关键词： Bogoliubov transformations,Mach-Zehnder interferometer,optical systems,quantum-information processing,coherent states,single photons
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
Design of a Wide Ranging Highly Sensitive Pressure Sensor Based on Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals
摘要： A highly sensitive pressure sensor operating over a wide pressure range based on two-dimensional photonic crystals having a Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure has been developed. The plane wave expansion method (PWE) is used to determine the device operating wavelength range. The finite difference time domain method (FDTD) is used to calculate the device characteristic parameters such as the resonant frequency, the power transmission, and the sensitivity. The present sensor has two wide frequency ranges, a high sensitivity to refractive index changes and the highest detectable sensitivity pressure so far reported in the literature, that is, 25.06 nm/GPa. The present device has high and constant transmission power all over the entire pressure range 0 to 10 GPa. This is of practical importance since the constraints imposed on the sensing system (the light source and the photodetector) are the same.
关键词： Power transmission,Sensitivity,Mach-Zehnder interferometer,Pressure sensor,2-D photonic crystals,FDTD
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
Single photon interference between bidirectionally extracted photons originating from semiconductor quantum dots
摘要： We report the experimental demonstration of the single-photon interference of bidirectionally extracted photons from epitaxially grown semiconductor quantum dots. The quantum dots were directly connected to single-mode optical fibers. Single-photon nature between transmission and reflection directions was confirmed through detection of antibunching in second-order photon correlation measurements. A Mach–Zehnder interferometer that was naturally formed by introducing the two outputs into a 2 x 2-fiber coupler was used to perform first-order photon correlation measurements.
关键词： single photon interference,single-mode optical fibers,Mach–Zehnder interferometer,semiconductor quantum dots
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
-
Birefringence measurement of biological tissue based on polarization-sensitive digital holographic microscopy
摘要： We present a polarization-sensitive digital holography to measure the birefringence of biological tissues with complex structures. The birefringence measurement system is established by incorporating the modified Mach–Zehnder interferometer and lab-developed software. Normal and cancerous bladder tissue samples are measured by using the proposed experimental system. The polarization-dependent phase-shifted holograms are recorded by rotating the polarizer. Moreover, the hybrid reconstruction and least-square unwrapping algorithms are used to extract phase information of biological tissues at different polarization states. The birefringence of tissue is obtained from the above-phase distributions. The results show that polarization sensitivity exists in the normal bladder tissue and cancerous bladder tissue, and the median birefringence value of the cancerous tissue is significantly higher than that of the normal tissue. These results will provide reference for pathological research and clinic diagnoses.
关键词： Mach–Zehnder interferometer,birefringence,polarization-sensitive digital holography,biological tissue,phase distribution
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01