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[IEEE 2019 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall (PIERS - Fall) - Xiamen, China (2019.12.17-2019.12.20)] 2019 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall (PIERS - Fall) - Research of PAM-4 Modulated WDM-PON Architecture for 5G Millimeter-wave Hybrid Photonics-wireless Interface
摘要： Existing optimization methods to heterogeneous redundancy allocation problem often suffer from the local-trap problem in optimization, due to the rugged energy landscapes. In this paper, a new optimization paradigm based on the Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling is proposed for solving the heterogeneous redundancy allocation for multi-state systems. We address this in an optimization-by-sampling framework, and propose to sample the intricate distribution over the combinatorial space by a doubly adaptive sampling approach, where the target adaptation favors free random walk on the rugged energy landscape to substantially alleviate the local-trap problem by updating the target distribution on-the-fly, while the proposal adaptation helps improve the sampling efficiency by learning the proposal distribution based on chain history in optimization. Experimental results performed on a range of benchmark instances demonstrated the superiority of the proposed optimization approach compared with the state-of-the-art alternatives in terms of the solution quality or computational efficiency.
关键词： Markov chain Monte Carlo,multi-state system,Optimization-by-sampling,redundancy allocation problem
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting - Baltimore, MD, USA (2019.9.29-2019.10.3)] 2019 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting - Photovoltaic Hosting Capacity Estimation Considering the Impact of Electric Vehicles
摘要： As the deployment of renewable energy sources, particularly photovoltaic (PV) systems, is proliferating worldwide, the need to increase distribution system (DS) hosting capacity to PV systems without system upgrade is a major concern. This paper proposes a stochastic method to calculate the DS hosting capacity to PV while ensuring that voltage requirements are not violated. In the proposed method, electric vehicle (EV) loads are also integrated to improve DS hosting capacity for PV systems. EVs are integrated at random locations of DS with different penetration levels to analyze their effects on the DS hosting capacity. The proposed method is demonstrated on the IEEE 123 node test feeder through several case studies. In these case studies, the OpenDSS and MATLAB are used to perform the simulations. The results show that the hosting capacity of PV in the IEEE 123 node test feeder can be improved approximately by 4% by penetrating EV loads to 12% of spot loads at each PV location.
关键词： photovoltaic,Electric Vehicle,hosting capacity,Monte Carlo simulation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Canadian Conference of Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE) - Edmonton, AB, Canada (2019.5.5-2019.5.8)] 2019 IEEE Canadian Conference of Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE) - Assessment of Photovoltaic Hosting Capacity of Existing Distribution Circuits
摘要： Government initiatives have been mandating the increased integration of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as residential and commercial photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, high levels of PV penetration can negatively affect the operations of the distribution system, particularly during mid-day low demand periods. It is of vital importance to gain more understanding of the system and to prepare mitigation plans before the amount of PV installations reaches a critical level. Therefore, properly assessing the PV hosting capacity is necessary. In this paper, the hosting capacities of three real circuits in Alberta, Canada are evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation-based probabilistic power flow (MCS-based PPF) method. The examined circuits cover the cities of Fort McMurray, Lloydminster, and Drumheller. These areas represent circuits of different sizes and complexities. The hosting capacities of the three regions were determined to be 10%, 60%, and 70%, respectively. Buses impacted by PV penetration were found in all three distribution networks. Factors influencing the PV hosting capacity are also identified and analyzed.
关键词： Photo-voltaic PV,probabilistic power flow,hosting capacity,Monte Carlo Simulation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Shaping of a laser-accelerated proton beam for radiobiology applications via genetic algorithm
摘要： Laser-accelerated protons have a great potential for innovative experiments in radiation biology due to the sub-picosecond pulse duration and high dose rate achievable. However, the broad angular divergence makes them not optimal for applications with stringent requirements on dose homogeneity and total flux at the irradiated target. The strategy otherwise adopted to increase the homogeneity is to increase the distance between the source and the irradiation plane or to spread the beam with flat scattering systems or through the transport system itself. Such methods considerably reduce the proton flux and are not optimal for laser-accelerated protons. In this paper we demonstrate the use of a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to design an optimal non-flat scattering system to shape the beam and efficiently flatten the transversal dose distribution at the irradiated target. The system is placed in the magnetic transport system to take advantage of the presence of chromatic focusing elements to further mix the proton trajectories. The effect of a flat scattering system placed after the transport system is also presented for comparison. The general structure of the GA and its application to the shaping of a laser-accelerated proton beam are presented, as well as its application to the optimisation of dose distribution in a water target in air.
关键词： Genetic algorithm,Beam shaping,Laser-driven protons,Monte Carlo simulations,Dose optimisation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Structured Auxiliary Mesh (SAM) Algorithm for Opto-Thermal Simulation of Laser-Based Lighting Systems
摘要： Laser-based lighting systems are an emerging technology, the next step in solid state lighting that revolutionized the way artificial light is generated. The configuration of interest here is the laser-excited remote phosphor (LRP) scheme that consists of a laser diode as the excitation source of an appropriately chosen phosphor sheet. The phosphor is employed for the down-conversion of the incident laser light and broadening of the output spectrum. Although some commercial applications have already been developed, the optimization of LRP systems has yet to be achieved. A bottleneck in their performance is the thermal dependency of the phosphor’s emission characteristics, a phenomenon also known as thermal quenching. As a result, the need for an opto-thermal simulation strategy arises that will enable the study and optimization of LRP systems [1]. The opto-thermal simulation model discussed here is based on Monte Carlo simulations for the optical part, where the absorbed radiant flux is calculated. These optical thermal losses are subsequently used as a volume heat source to solve the transient heat equation by applying the finite element method (FEM) [2]. As thermal quenching is a time-dependent phenomenon in nature, this is an iterative procedure, where the absorbed flux must be calculated for most of the time steps. Typical Monte Carlo ray tracing algorithms use voxel-based meshes to store any calculated properties / attributes. The problem that arises here is that the computational cost for converting the voxel-based mesh to an FEM mesh would be prohibiting for time-dependent analysis. The solution is to directly store the absorbed flux to the FEM mesh. However, the issue that now emerges is locating the interpolating point, namely the point in space where the absorption occurs, within the unstructured FEM mesh. The processing time of a brute force search would be too long, so more sophisticated solutions must be found. SAM algorithms, which were first introduced in [3], are part of a class of algorithms known as geometric search algorithms [4, 5] that deal with point location in unstructured meshes. We propose here a modified SAM algorithm that uses the optical voxel-based mesh as the auxiliary structured mesh for geometric searching. The two meshes, optical and FEM, are superimposed. As point location in voxel-based meshes is trivial, by mapping which elements of the FEM mesh belong to each voxel, we can easily narrow down the number of searches required. To this end, two maps, implemented as binary search trees, are implemented. The first map, maps the voxel number to the nodes of the FEM mesh that lie within it, while the second map, maps the elements of the unstructured mesh that these nodes belong to. The set-up times of these maps heavily depend on the density of the FEM mesh and the order of the elements used. The use of higher-order elements results in considerable set-up times. As higher order elements are not necessary for thermal analysis, this is not a critical issue here. On the other hand, the denser the optical mesh, the fewer FEM elements are mapped to each voxel. However, the size of voxels should be appropriately chosen, since too small voxels may lead to degenerative cases where there are voxels without any nodes lying in them. A distinct advantage of this method is that once the maps are assembled, the search time of elements is O(1). Simulation plays an increasingly crucial role in the study and optimization of optical systems. Due to the increase in computational capabilities, modelling of more complex phenomena can be included and the need of multi-physics approaches rises. The optical properties of materials often shift to temperature above tolerance levels that may render a particular optical design ineffective. In other cases, structural loads may be the critical issue as they can lead to misalignment of optical elements. The proposed SAM algorithm that enables a more efficient coupling of optical and FEM analysis is a valuable tool to such approaches of optical problems.
关键词： Laser-based lighting systems,opto-thermal simulation,Monte Carlo simulations,SAM algorithm,finite element method,thermal quenching
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Performance assessment of domestic photovoltaic power plant with a storage system
摘要： Grid-connected low voltage photovoltaic power plants cover the majority of the power capacity installed in Italy. They offer an important contribution to the power demand of the utilities connected but, due to the nature of the solar resource, the night time consumption can be satisfied only withdrawing the energy by the national grid, at the price of the energy distributor. Thanks to the improvement of storage technologies and the decreasing of costs, the installation of a system of battery looks a promising solution. In this paper, a model-based approach to analyze and discuss the performance of a domestic photovoltaic power plant with a storage system is presented.
关键词： Service Availability,Dynamic Reliability,Retrofit Photovoltaic Power Plant,Monte Carlo Simulation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Error Analysis of the Impulse Response on VCSEL-based Optical Wireless Communication Channel Using a Monte Carlo Ray-Tracing Algorithm
摘要： This article proposed a Monte Carlo ray-tracing method (MCRM) based on Gaussian beam emitter for optical wireless communication (OWC) channel estimation and established two typical indoor communication systems as uplink and full-link models. Formulas are given with targeted parameters for these two specific link models. The calculation results show that the impulse response of uplink models have twice larger and 10 ns faster than that of full-link models. Compared with the conventional Lambertian OWC systems, the Gaussian systems have larger impulse response and lower relative error, which indicates that Gaussian emitter is a promising candidate for indoor OWC system.
关键词： Channel estimation,VCSEL,Monte Carlo Ray-tracing method,Optical wireless communication
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Research on Valuation of Photovoltaic Power Stationa??s Earning Right Backed Securitization
摘要： The high cost of financing has always been a problem that hinders the construction of grid-connected PV power station. As a new type of structural financing, asset securitization can help PV power station achieve low-cost financing and effectively solve the problem of financing difficulties. This paper takes the BOC-Shenneng Nankong Assets Special Plan as an example to design a photovoltaic power station’s earning right backed securitization product. It uses data comprised of the income from the on-grid electricity charges of six ground-based photovoltaic power stations, issued by Shenneng Nankong during the years between 2016 to 2021, as the underlying asset of ABS. Taken the characteristics of PV into account, Monte Carlo model is used to predict the distribution of future cash flow of the asset pool, and the NS model is used to fit the term structure of the interest rate, thereby determining the overall issuance amount of ABS products; then the underlying asset, according to the stability of the cash flow of the asset pool, is divided into three tranches with different credit ratings; finally, the issuance scale and coupon rate of different grades of bonds are determined.
关键词： Photovoltaic Power Station,Asset Securitization,Earning Right,NS Model,Monte Carlo Model
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Meeting for Future of Electron Devices, Kansai (IMFEDK) - Kyoto, Japan (2019.11.14-2019.11.15)] 2019 IEEE International Meeting for Future of Electron Devices, Kansai (IMFEDK) - Invited: Possibility of dye-sensitized solar cell as energy harvester
摘要： This paper proposes a statistical approach for section-based fault location in medium voltage (MV) grids with underground cables, using Bayesian inference. The proposed approach considers several important uncertainties in the MV grid, including measurement errors, fault breakdown resistance, and the inaccuracies of zero-sequence parameters. The approach first obtains the prior distribution of the fault position from the component failure database, the readings of the transmitted fault indicators, and the relevant digging activity record. With the estimated prefault grid status and the measured transient voltages/currents, the posterior distribution is then calculated based on Bayes’ theorem. To solve the problem numerically, the Monte Carlo integration is applied and a two-step calculation procedure is proposed. Simulations are performed on a typical European MV feeder to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach. The distribution grid operators can use the calculated posterior distribution to rank the possible faulted sections and to facilitate the restoration process, which can reduce the interruption duration of power supply.
关键词： transient measurements,section-based fault location,Monte Carlo integration,underground cables,Bayesian inference
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 10th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG) - Xi'an, China (2019.6.3-2019.6.6)] 2019 IEEE 10th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG) - Reliability Evaluation of Photovoltaic Power Generation System Based on Fuzzy Layering Method
摘要： The analysis process of the overall reliability evaluation model of the traditional photovoltaic power generation system is complicated, and the shortcomings of the system weak link cannot be analyzed. This paper proposes a fuzzy hierarchical evaluation method based on sensitivity analysis to evaluate the reliability of photovoltaic power generation systems. The method judges the whole system failure factor by introducing the fault frequency, the degree of fault impact, and the second evaluation criterion of the fault detection difficulty. In particular, the Monte Carlo-based component sensitivity analysis method is used to calculate the degree of fault impact. Finally, the method of this paper is used to analyze a photovoltaic power generation system. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the overall reliability analysis and the evaluation of fault factors. It is proved that the method is of great significance for analyzing the reliability of the photovoltaic system and the weak link of the system.
关键词： photovoltaic power generation system,sensitivity analysis,Monte Carlo,fuzzy layering evaluation method
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52