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Integrated Metamaterial Interfaces for Self-Aligned Fiber-to-Chip Coupling in Volume Manufacturing
摘要： Improving the scalability and cost efficiency of photonic packaging is central to fulfilling the silicon photonic promise of low-cost devices with unprecedented optical complexity. A key enabler towards this goal is an efficient, large-mode, integrated fiber coupler and mode converter. Using standard fiber modes at fiber-to-chip junctions avoids expensive in-fiber mode conversion and relaxes alignment tolerances for low-cost assembly and improved reliability. Metamaterial waveguides, also called subwavelength gratings, are particularly useful for such structures. They provide unmatched design flexibility and, counter-intuitively, are more forgiving to fabrication tolerances than solid-core waveguides. Here, we summarize our work on interfacing self-aligned, standard cleaved fibers to rectangular Si routing waveguides. Fiber V-grooves are integrated on chip with metamaterial converters embedded in suspended oxide membranes to prevent coupler-mode leakage to the substrate. We show optical results from first integration of V-grooves with metamaterial converters to commercial structures fabricated in 300 mm CMOS production facilities. We demonstrate a peak transmission of -0.7 dB on the TE polarization and -1.4 dB on the TM polarization with a respective spectral roll-off of 0.3 and 0.4 dB over the 60 nm bandwidth measured.
关键词： photonic bandgap materials,packaging,optical fiber communication,integrated optoelectronics
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Effect of polarization dependent loss on the quality of transmitted polarization entanglement
摘要： Quantum networking brings together several diverse research areas, such as fiber-optic communication, quantum optics, and quantum information, to achieve capabilities in security, secret sharing, and authentication which are unavailable classically. The development of practical fiber-based quantum networks requires an understanding of the reach, rates, and quality of the entanglement of distributed quantum states. Here, we present a theoretical model describing how the magnitude and orientation of polarization dependent loss (PDL), a common impairment in fiber-optic networks, affects the entanglement quality of distributed quantum states. Furthermore, we theoretically characterize how PDL in one fiber channel can be optimally applied in order to nonlocally compensate for the PDL present in another channel. We present experimental results which verify our theoretical model.
关键词： Optical fiber communication,quantum entanglement
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Nonlinearity-free Coherent Transmission in Hollow-Core Antiresonant Fiber
摘要： We demonstrate the first multi-terabit/s WDM data transmission through hollow-core antiresonant fiber (HC-ARF). 16 channels of 32-GBd dual-polarization (DP) Nyquist-shaped 256QAM signal channels were transmitted through a 270-m long fiber without observing any power penalty. In a single-channel high power transmission experiment, no nonlinearity penalty was observed for up to 1 W of received power, despite the very low chromatic dispersion of the fiber (<2 ps/nm/km). Our simulations show that such a low level of nonlinearity should enable transmission at 6.4 Tb/s over 1200 km of HC-ARF, even when the fiber attenuation is significantly greater than that of SMF-28. As signals propagate through hollow-core fibers at close to the speed of light in vacuum such a link would be of interest in latency-sensitive data transmission applications.
关键词： Hollow-core Antiresonant Fiber,Fiber nonlinearity,Optical fiber communication,Coherent transmission,Modulation
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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400-Gb/s Single-Photodiode Polarization-Agnostic Kramers-Kronig Reception of Distributedly Aggregated Superchannel
摘要： In its most simple implementation, the Kramers-Kronig (KK) scheme allows the reception of complex modulation formats with a single photodiode. Thereby, in analogy to a heterodyne receiver, an additional continuous wave signal is used which allows under certain conditions the distortion-free reconstruction of the data signal. We present experimental investigations on a novel Kramers-Kronig scheme based on inherently carrier generation at the receiver. We use a distributed superchannel aggregation scheme to demonstrate ultra-wideband single-photodiode reception of a 3×33-GBd single-polarization 32QAM superchannel with this scheme. The impact of polarization rotations is discussed, and we show that variations in data or Kramers-Kronig carrier polarization will only affect the carrier-to-signal power ratio (CSPR), leading to an increase or decrease from the optimum CSPR by about 6 dB. 400-Gb/s net capacity is demonstrated for optimized conditions. In addition, we demonstrate transmission measurements over a 60-km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) link with a 344-Gb/s net rate superchannel (3×28 GBd sub-carriers) with the novel Kramers-Kronig scheme.
关键词： optical frequency conversion,optical signal processing,Kramers-Kronig receiver,Direct detection,optical fiber communication,sub-carrier modulation
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Advanced Modulation Techniques for Flexible Optical Transceivers: the Rate/Reach Trade-off
摘要： This tutorial paper reviews advanced modulation techniques that have been proposed in the literature for the implementation of flexible (or reconfigurable) transceivers, which are fundamental building blocks of next-generation software-defined optical networks. Using a common reference multi-span propagation system scenario, the performance of transceivers employing standard quadrature-amplitude modulation with variable-rate forward error correction, probabilistic constellation shaping and time-domain hybrid formats is assessed, highlighting the achievable flexibility in terms of continuous trade-off between transmission rate and distance. The combination of these techniques with sub-carrier multiplexing, which enables an increase of the fiber nonlinearity tolerance thanks to the optimization of the symbol rate per sub-carrier, is also discussed.
关键词： coherent detection,Optical fiber communication,hybrid QAM,flexible optical transceivers,modulation formats,subcarrier multiplexing,probabilistic shaping
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14