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Growth Temperature and Electrochemical Performance in Vapor-Deposited Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Thin Films for High-Rate Electrochemical Energy Storage
摘要： Poly(ethylene 3,4-dioxythiophene (PEDOT) ?lms synthesized by oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) display strong electrochemical activity in the region from 2 to 4.2 V vs Li/Li+. By contrast, the more commonly studied PEDOT:polystyrenesulfonate (PSS) ?lms have negligible electrochemical activity in this region. For the oCVD ?lms, its small dopant anions (Cl?) that can easily enter and exit the polymer structure allow exchange with the Li+ counterion in solution, while for PEDOT:PSS, the poly(styrenesulfonate) dopant is a large macromolecule having substantially lower mobility. Here, we seek to elucidate the relationship between the structural characteristics of oCVD PEDOT thin ?lms and their electrochemical properties, particularly in Li-ion electrolyte systems. Speci?cally, we seek to rationally design the thin-?lm properties of oCVD PEDOT for high-rate performance and cycle life by varying the ?lm growth temperature. We observe that the dominant e?ect of increasing growth temperature is an in situ reorganization to an edge-on ?lm texture. In this case, the π?π stack is perpendicular to the substrate surface. The alternative dominant texture is face-on dominance, where the π?π stack is parallel to the substrate surface. For the ?rst time, we show that edge-on dominant ?lms provide higher speci?c capacities for a given charge/discharge rate. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy demonstrates that edge-on dominant ?lms are less susceptible to oxidative damage after long-term cycling. This also enables edge-on dominant ?lms to maintain lower charge-transfer resistances compared to identically cycled face-on ?lms. Edge-on oCVD PEDOT is paired with molybdenum disul?de to demonstrate thick, optimized oCVD PEDOT thin ?lms in asymmetric devices for high-rate electrochemical energy storage.
关键词： electrochemical doping,oCVD,electrochemical energy storage,PEDOT,high-rate performance,conductive polymer
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Morphological effect of composite TiO2 nanorod-TiO2 nanoparticle/PEDOT:PSS electrodes on triiodide reduction
摘要： Composite electrodes consisting of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs)-TiO2 nanorods (NRs) and poly (3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) were prepared on a conductive glass substrate. The presence of TiO2 in the composite structure was proved by X-ray diffraction (XRD) Raman and FTIR-ATR measurements. The surface morphologies of TiO2 NP-PEDOT:PSS, TiO2 NR-PEDOT:PSS and TiO2 NP-TiO2 NR-PEDOT:PSS electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to the cyclic voltammetry measurement (CV), the electrocatalytic activity of composite electrodes on the reduction of triiodide improved after TiO2 addition compared with pristine PEDOT:PSS and platinum (Pt) electrodes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that the charge transfer resistance (Rct) strongly depends on the morphologies (ratio between TiO2 NP and TiO2 NR) of the composite electrodes. It was found that Rct decreased by increasing the amount of TiO2 nanorod in the whole mixture of TiO2 nanoparticles and PEDOT:PSS.
关键词： nanomaterials,nanocomposites,EIS,TiO2 nanorod,PEDOT:PSS
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Scalable Deposition of Nanomaterial-Based Temperature Sensors for Transparent and Pervasive Electronics
摘要： This work presents a comparative analysis of materials for planar semitransparent thermocouples fabricated by spray deposition on a flexible substrate. Three different materials are employed to build such devices, analyzing also the effect of the spray order in their final performance. The highest Seebeck coefficient (50.4 μV/K) is found for a junction made of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on top of silver nanowires (AgNWs) whereas its efficiency in terms of power is the lowest because of the higher sheet resistance of the CNTs. In this case, the best combination for energy-harvesting purposes would be poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and AgNWs, with a power factor of 219 fW/K2. These results prove the feasibility of developing large-scale and cost-effective thermocouples that could be used for sensing or energy-harvesting applications.
关键词： spray deposition,thermocouples,PEDOT:PSS,carbon nanotubes,Seebeck coefficient,silver nanowires,energy harvesting
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Reproducible Dry Stamping Transfer of PEDOT:PSS Transparent Top Electrode for Flexible Semi-transparent Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： A semi-transparent flexible metal halide perovskite (MHP) solar cells were demonstrated by reproducible dry stamping transfer of a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS, PH1000) transparent flexible top-electrode onto a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/ITO/PEDOT:PSS (AI4083)/MHP/[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The reproducible transfer of the PEDOT:PSS top electrode was enabled by the modification of PEDOT:PSS with poly(ethylene imine) (PEI)/2-methoxyethanol (2-MEA) solution. In addition, the PEI/2-MEA modification to PEDOT:PSS resulted in the improved conductivity and the reduced work function of top electrode. Therefore, we could fabricate highly efficient flexible semi-transparent MHP solar cells with > 13 % (active area = 1 cm2) of power conversion efficiency.
关键词： stamping transfer,perovskite solar cells,PEDOT:PSS,flexible,polyethyleneimine,semi-transparent
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Effect of UV exposure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS substrates on the performance of inverted-type perovskite solar cells
摘要： We have fabricated inverted-type perovskite solar cells employing CH3NH3PbI3?xClx perovskite in the form of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Perovskite/PCBM/Al. The effects of UV radiation on ITO/PEDOT:PSS substrates have been investigated for perovskite solar cells. ITO/PEDOT:PSS substrates were exposed to UV radiation for 5 to 15 min. The perovskite solar cells fabricated on UV-irradiated ITO/PEDOT:PSS substrates exhibited better performance as compared to those fabricated on substrates employing non-treated PEDOT:PSS. We used photovoltaic characterization, UV–VIS absorption, sheet resistance, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and external quantum efficiency (EQE) characterization techniques to investigate the effect of UV irradiation of ITO/PEDOT:PSS substrates on the performance of perovskite solar cells. The devices fabricated on ITO/PEDOT:PSS (UV irradiated for 10 min) exhibited the best device performance of all. We achieved a 9% increase in the overall power conversion efficiency for the devices fabricated on substrates exposed to UV radiation.
关键词： Power conversion efficiency,ITO,Perovskite solar cells,PEDOT:PSS,UV irradiation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A novel PEDOT:PSS/SWCNH bilayer thin film counter electrode for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells
摘要： Thin platinum deposited over fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrate is a well-known and widely used counter electrode for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells. In this paper, we investigated a potential and Pt-free bilayer thin film counter electrode based on single wall carbon nanohorn over PEDOT:PSS film. The bilayer thin film counter electrode was developed using a simple spin coat process. The results of atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope unveil the uniform distribution of single wall carbon nanohorns over PEDOT:PSS with average size of 76 nm. The extensive electrochemical analysis demonstrated superior electrocatalytic behavior for bilayer counter electrode with lower peak-to-peak separation potential of 0.6 V, lower Rs and RCT values of 25.9 Ω and 399 Ω, and higher Jo value of 2.4 mA cm?2. The fabricated DSSC using bilayer counter electrode witnessed higher power conversion efficiency of 5.1%, compared to PEDOT:PSS (3.87%) and SWCNH (1.88%), and is almost equivalent to the platinum-based counter electrode (5.53%). The present study of bilayer counter electrode has great potential in terms of low-cost and non-platinum counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell applications.
关键词： Counter electrode,PEDOT:PSS,Single wall carbon nanohorn,Bilayer thin film,Dye-sensitized solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Boosting Performance of Nona??Fullerene Organic Solar Cells by 2D ga??C <sub/>3</sub> N <sub/>4</sub> Doped PEDOT:PSS
摘要： The power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of single-junction organic solar cells (OSCs) has exceeded 16% thanks to the development of non-fullerene acceptor materials and morphological optimization of active layer. In addition, interfacial engineering always plays a crucial role in further improving the performance of OSCs based on a well-established active-layer system. Doping of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) into poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as a hole transport layer (HTL) for PM6:Y6-based OSCs is reported, boosting the PCE to almost 16.4%. After being added into the PEDOT:PSS, the g-C3N4 as a Bronsted base can be protonated, weakening the shield effect of insulating PSS on conductive PEDOT, which enables exposures of more PEDOT chains on the surface of PEDOT:PSS core-shell structure, and thus increasing the conductivity. Therefore, at the interface between g-C3N4 doped HTL and PM6:Y6 layer, the charge transport is improved and the charge recombination is suppressed, leading to the increases of fill factor and short-circuit current density of devices. This work demonstrates that doping g-C3N4 into PEDOT:PSS is an efficient strategy to increase the conductivity of HTL, resulting in higher OSC performance.
关键词： hole-transport layers,PEDOT:PSS,organic solar cells,g-C3N4,non-fullerene acceptors
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Flexible and Electroactive Textile Actuator Enabled by PEDOT:PSS/MOF-Derivative Electrode Ink
摘要： Smart fabrics that integrate electronic devices with textiles are emerging as potential candidate for apparel and electronics industries. Soft actuators based on conducting polymers are promising for smart fabrics because of light weight, flexibility, and large deformation under low voltage. However, due to the distinct characteristics of textile and electronic components, the connection between textiles and electronic devices still keeps a challenge in development of smart fabrics. Here, we report an new strategy to prepare a flexible and electroactive textile actuator. The fabric electrolyte was directly coated with an electrode ink, which is composed of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) doped with carbonized carbon nanotubes wired zeolite imidazolate framework-8 composite. A pre-treatment of the fabric was made by soaking hydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) to increase the ionic conductivity (6.72 mS cm?1) and prevent the electrode ink from penetrating through the fabric. It was found that the textile actuator could work in air stably under a low voltage of 3 V and operate at frequencies from 0.1 to 10 Hz with large strain difference (0.28% at 0.1 Hz), fast strain rate (2.8% s?1 at 10 Hz) and good blocking force (0.62 mN at 0.1 Hz). The key to high performance originates from high ionic conductivity of fabric electrolyte and large specific surface area, good mechanical properties of the metal-organic framework derivative-based composite electrodes, which present insights into preparing other smart fabrics such as textiles sensors, flexible displays, and textile energy storage devices.
关键词： PEDOT:PSS,MOF derivative,textile actuator,i-EAP actuator,fabric electrolyte layer
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Fast-response humidity sensor based on laser printing for respiration monitoring
摘要： Respiration monitoring equipment has wide applications in daily health monitoring and modern medical diagnosis. Despite significant progress being made in humidity sensors for respiration monitoring, the fabrication of the humidity sensors with low-cost, simple manufacturing process and easy integration remains a challenge. This work reports a facile and inexpensive laser printing fabrication of PEDOT:PSS micron line as a humidity sensor for respiration monitoring. Laser printing technology can process any material into an arbitrary pattern. The PEDOT:PSS micron line humidity sensor has a fast response–recovery time (0.86 s/0.59 s), demonstrating excellent performance for real-time monitoring of human respiration. Furthermore, the PEDOT:PSS micron line humidity sensor can also monitor the respiration of rats under different physiological conditions along with the drug injection. The PEDOT:PSS micron line humidity sensor features simple manufacturing process with commercial materials, and easy integration with wearable devices. This work paves an important step in real-time monitoring of human health and further physiology and pharmacology study.
关键词： respiration monitoring,laser printing,wearable devices,PEDOT:PSS,humidity sensor
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Improved performance of lead-tin mixed perovskite solar cells with PEDOT:PSS treated by hydroquinone
摘要： Low bandgap lead-tin (Pb-Sn) hybrid perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) have gained a great deal of attentions due to their wide optical absorption range and environmental friendliness. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used as a hole transport layer for PVSCs. However, the metallic property of PEDOT:PSS causes a barrier at the interface between it and the active layer, thereby hindering the transport of photogenerated carriers. In this paper, in order to eliminate the influence of the interfacial barrier, the PEDOT:PSS surface was treated by hydroquinone (HQ), which lowers the hole transport barrier at the interface, and consequently reduces the interfacial resistance as well. The leakage current in the device with the HQ-treated PEDOT:PSS is significantly reduced, and the surface modification improves the interfacial contact. Compared with the Pb-Sn hybrid PVSCs with the PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer, the power conversion efficiency of PVSCs with the HQ-PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer is improved by 5.7%.
关键词： Lead-tin hybrid perovskite solar cells,PEDOT:PSS,Surface modification,Hydroquinone
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57