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3a??Hydroxypicolinic Acid as an Effective Matrix for Sophorolipid Structural Elucidation Using Matrixa??Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Timea??ofa??Flight Mass Spectrometry
摘要： Determination of the distribution of sophorolipid (SL) congeners controls their self-assembly structures and therefore their employment as glycolipid biosurfactants in cosmetics, environmental remediation, and personal care applications. The compatibility of 3-hydroxypicolinic acid (HPA) as a matrix for compositional analysis of SL using palm olein as carbon energy source by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis under positive and negative ion modes is studied in this work. Examination in positive ion mode revealed ions that were not detected in negative ion mode. Molecular ions produced using HPA matrix were lactonic Glc-Glc-10,400-C18:1, anionic Glc-Glc-10-C18:1, lactonic monoacetate of Glc-Glc-10,400-C18:1, and anionic monoacetate Glc-Glc-10-C18:1 and the anionic diacetate of also detected Glc-Glc-10-C18:0, Glc-Glc-10-C18:1. We GlcOAc-Glc-10-C18:0, GlcOAc-GlcOAc-10,400-C18:0, and GlcOAc—GlcOAc-10-C18:0 which are congeners of SL with stearic acid moieties. 3-HPA has been established to be the superior matrix for elucidation of structures for SL using MALDI-TOF MS.
关键词： Biosurfactant,Palm oil,3-Hydroxypicolinic acid,MALDI-TOF MS,Sophorolipids
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Preparation of Nb2O5-decorated hierarchical porous ZnO microspheres with enhanced photocatalytic degradation of palm oil mill effluent
摘要： In the present work, Nb2O5-decorated hierarchical porous ZnO microspheres (ZnO/Nb2O5) were successfully prepared through a facile surfactant-free method. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analyses. Under UV light irradiation, the ZnO/Nb2O5 composites degraded palm oil mill effluent (POME) efficiently and demonstrated much higher photocatalytic activity compared to those of pure ZnO and Nb2O5. The enhanced photocatalytic degradation performance of ZnO/Nb2O5 composites was attributed to the high charge separation efficiency and hydroxyl radical generation ability as verified by the photoluminescence spectra. Phytotoxicity test upon the POME degradation over ZnO/Nb2O5 photocatalysis considerably decreased through the measurement of radicle lengths of Vigna radiata. Moreover, the ZnO/Nb2O5 composites were reused several times without appreciable loss of activity. This work revealed that the as-prepared ZnO/Nb2O5 composites have great potential for practical applications in the field of wastewater treatment.
关键词： Nb2O5-decorated hierarchical porous ZnO microspheres,Photocatalytic degradation,Charge separation efficiency,Palm oil mill effluent,Hydroxyl radical generation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36