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On the improvement of visible-responsive photodegradation through artificial cilia
摘要： Photocatalysts as a semiconductor material are widely used in the field of water and environment cleaning applications as it equips with favorite features such as chemical and physical stability, easy availability, inexpensive, and non-toxic in nature. Additionally, photocatalysts can convert the light energy of the irradiation into the chemical energy of the electron-hole pairs. Most commonly used TiO2 can function as the efficient photocatalysts in the presence of light. However it is a material which majorly requires UV light for its activation, and it is not practically being useful. In this aspect, the proposed study demonstrated that with a combination of SnFe2O4 nanoparticles with magnetic artificial cilia, a highly efficient catalytic activity can be achieved under the visible light due to the rapid and uniform mixing within the microfluidic device with least energy budget. To identify the optimal advanced oxidation process using the selected photocatalyst running with the microfluidics, a micro-particle image velocimetry analysis was carried out through three modes of artificial cilia rotation. The study also determined the evolution curves of the degradation rate with respect to time for all of three modes of cilia rotation, and a superior performance was achieved with a maximum degradation rate of 81.7% in 60 minutes using the presented design concept.
关键词： micro-particle image velocimetry,Photodegradation,photocatalyst,artificial cilia
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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TiOF2/TiO2 composite nanosheets: Effect of hydrothermal synthesis temperature on physicochemical properties and photocatalytic activity
摘要： TiOF 2 /TiO 2 nanosheets were prepared by hydrothermal processing of Ti(OBu) 4 in the presence of aqueous HF solution. The effect of different hydrothermal synthesis temperatures (140, 160, 180, and 200 °C) on the compositions, morphologies, crystal sizes, and photoelectric properties of the resulting samples was studied via various characterization methods. The photocatalytic properties of the samples were studied through photodegradation of organic pollutants such as rhodamine B (RhB), methyl orange (MO), and cipro?oxacin hydrochloride (CIP-HCl). TiOF 2 /TiO 2 nanosheets prepared by hydrothermal synthesis at 160 °C exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity among these samples, and it is much more active than P25 (a benchmark photocatalyst) and TiO 2 prepared hydrothermally (without adding aqueous HF solution during the hydrothermal synthesis). A possible photocatalytic mechanism is discussed.
关键词： Nanosheet,TiO 2,Photocatalyst,TiOF 2,Degradation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Engineering of ZnO/rGO nanocomposite photocatalyst towards rapid degradation of toxic dyes
摘要： ZnO quantum dot (QD) is prepared in a soft chemical route by ageing process and successfully embedded on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) surface using solvothermal method as confirmed by XRD, TEM and Raman studies. Due to charge transfer from the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the rGO layer to the conduction band of ZnO, the luminescence of rGO is also found to be quenched in ZnO/rGO composites. A brief systematic study of photocatalytic behavior towards degradation of various toxic medical and textile dyes, like Safranin O, Methylene blue and Rhodamine 6G by ZnO QD and ZnO/rGO composites are showcased in this work. As a result of high surface to volume ratio, ZnO QD showed good photocatalytic activity towards degradation of different dyes under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. A composite with ZnO and rGO in 3:1 wt ratio degraded almost 100% of dyes under UV irradiation within 15, 25 and 30 min, showing good efficacy in dye degradation. Photoluminescence lifetime measurement revealed the charge transfer process from rGO to ZnO resulting a Prompt recombination of the UV light induced electron-hole pair in ZnO/rGO composite.
关键词： Reduced graphene oxide,ZnO QD,Composite,Toxic dyes,Photocatalyst
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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3D graphene aerogels/Sb2WO6 hybrid with enhanced photocatalytic activity under UV- and visible-light irradiation
摘要： A novel ultraviolet (UV)- and visible-light-active 3D graphene aerogels (3DGA)/Sb2WO6 hybrid photocatalyst was prepared by electrostatic self-assembly (ESSA) method. The photocatalytic activity of the 3DGA/Sb2WO6 hybrid was studied by monitoring the change in the concentration of methyl orange (MO) under UV-light and visible-light irradiation. The results demonstrated that the as-prepared hybrid exhibited significantly enhanced efficiency for the photodegradation of MO in comparison with pure Sb2WO6. This was ascribed to the efficient separation of the photogenerated electrons (e–) and holes (h+) with the aid of 3DGA as well as the generated reactive superoxide radical anions (O2(cid:129)–). Moreover, the 3DGA/Sb2WO6 hybrid exhibited high recyclability, because the highly hydrophobic 3DGA in the hybrid was very advantageous to the separation of the hybrid photocatalyst from the MO solutions.
关键词： 3D graphene aerogels,Sb2WO6,Electrostatic self-assembly,Hybrid photocatalyst,Visible-light irradiation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Highly Enhanced Photocatalytic Water-splitting Activity of Gallium Zinc Oxynitride Derived from Flux-assisted Zn/Ga Layered Double Hydroxides
摘要： The Ga/Zn-oxynitride solid solution [(GaN)1-x(ZnO)x] is one of the promising visible-light harvesting photocatalysts for overall water-splitting. A series of (GaN)1-x(ZnO)x (0.11 ≤ x ≤ 0.33) are synthesized by calcining the carbonate-type Zn/Ga-LDH precursor with and without sodium carbonate flux at 850 oC for 8 - 14 h under a NH3 gas-flow. The solid solutions without flux are determined to be low in crystallinity but plate-like in morphology with preferred orientation could be observed. On the other hand, those with flux turn out to be better in crystallinity, and eventually exhibit significantly higher photocatalytic activity for overall water splitting under visible-light irradiation than those without flux. In addition, the bandgap energies can also be engineered from 2.57 eV to 2.72 eV by changing the synthetic parameter such as nitridation time. It is, therefore, suggested that the present new approach can offer new opportunities for designing the next generation photocatalytic systems.
关键词： Overall water splitting,Photocatalyst,Gallium Zinc Oxynitride,Layered double hydroxides,Flux
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Water Purification in Dark Conditions Using Photocatalytic Light-leakage Type Plastic Optical Fiber
摘要： In this study, we fabricated a device that can be used for water puri?cation in dark areas by combining a light-leakage type plastic optical ?ber with a photocatalyst. The light-leakage type ?ber was prepared by adding a scattering agent to the ?ber core, and the titanium dioxide photocatalyst was composited by a two-layer coating method. Photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue was performed by introducing light into the ?ber without direct light irradiation.
关键词： Photocatalyst,Plastic optical ?ber,Water puri?cation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Controlled synthesis of AgNPs@ZIF-8 composite: Efficient heterogeneous photocatalyst for degradation of methylene blue and congo red
摘要： Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes using novel metal based composite materials is one of the most intriguing and sustainable ways to reduce water pollution. Herein, facile synthesis of AgNPs@ZIF-8 via in situ generation of AgNPs and ZIF-8 (Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework) was demonstrated, and composites with different Ag contents (abbreviated as SZ, SZ1, SZ2 SZ3) were well characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Encapsulation/decoration of AgNPs (particle size: 96 nm in SZ and 17.32 ± 2.35 nm in SZ1 to SZ3) in ZIF-8 matrix has been ensured by TEM and EDX analysis. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) adsorption-desorption studies indicate that the surface area of SZ (982 m2 g?1) is less than those of SZ1 to SZ3 (due to the encapsulation of large amount of Ag nanoparticles in SZ). The synthesized composites are thermally stable up to 400 °C in air and nitrogen atmosphere. AgNPs@ZIF-8 exhibited excellent photocatalytic efficiency to degrade organic dyes compared to ZIF-8 due to its large surface area, highly porous and unique synergistic properties. SZ2 degrades off 97.25 % methylene blue (MB) and 100 % congo red (CR) at pH ≥ 7. Further, degraded fragments were analysed by GC–MS and plausible degradation mechanism was discussed.
关键词： Silver nanoparticles,Organic pollutants,Photocatalyst,Heterogeneous catalysis,Composite materials
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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The effect of hydrothermal conditions on photoluminescence properties of rice husk-derived silica-carbon quantum dots for methylene blue degradation
摘要： Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have potential to replace metal-based quantum dots due to its low-toxicity. However, studies on CQDs preparation were dominated by synthetic carbon precursors. Switching the precursors into natural ingredient is preferred since they are highly abundant and low-cost. In this study, composite of silica-carbon quantum dots (Si-CQDs) were fabricated from rice husk through a hydrothermal process. Si-CQDs with diverse properties are beneficial for its application in the future; therefore, the variation of hydrothermal conditions (i.e., temperature and pH) was performed to investigate their influence on its properties. Investigation using HRTEM, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and UV-Vis spectroscopy suggested that hydrothermal conditions affect carbonization reaction. Hydrothermal temperature controls carbonization rate of rice husk ash, while acid addition accelerates polymerization and base addition tends to cut more carbons into small particles. The photoluminescence (PL) analysis showed that the obtained Si-CQD samples have emission in the range of 469–552 nm with various intensities. The application of sole Si-CQDs was evaluated in methylene blue (MB) degradation under visible light irradiation.
关键词： Hydrothermal,Carbon quantum dots,Photocatalyst,Photoluminescence,Rice husk
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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ZnO/Ag NANOPARTICLE-DECORATED SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (SWCNTs) AND THEIR PROPERTIES
摘要： Raw single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were oxidized by using sulfuric acid and nitric acid at 3:1 ratio to produce oxygen functional groups attached to SWCNTs surfaces. Then, the oxidized SWCNTs are coated with zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles by chemical precipitation route to synthesize ZnO/Ag-SWCNTs nanocomposite material. The nanocomposite sample was analyzed via zeta potential analyzer, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer, ˉeld emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray di?raction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy to investigate colloidal stability, optical, morphological, and structural properties. The SWCNT properties were found to be changed after the addition of ZnO/Ag nanoparticles. Hence, the new ZnO/Ag-SWCNTs nanocomposite is a good candidate for photocatalyst applications and biological applications.
关键词： biological applications,photocatalyst applications,Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs),ZnO/Ag nanocomposite,chemical precipitation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Construction of n-TiO2/p-Ag2O Junction on Carbon Fiber Cloth with Visa??NIR Photoresponse as a Filter-Membrane-Shaped Photocatalyst
摘要： The development of effective and reusable photocatalysts with broad-spectra activity has attracted attention. Herein, we have constructed n-TiO2/p-Ag2O junction on carbon fiber (CF) cloth as an efficient and recyclable photocatalyst. With CF cloth as the substrate, TiO2 nanorods (length: 1–2 μm) are prepared by a hydrothermal process, and the in-situ growth of Ag2O nanoparticles (10–20 nm) is then realized by chemical bath deposition route. The flexible CF/TiO2/Ag2O cloth (area: 4 × 4 cm2) shows a broad and strong photo-absorption (200–1000 nm). Under the illumination of visible-light (λ > 400 nm), CF/TiO2/Ag2O cloth can efficiently eliminate 99.2% rhodamine B (RhB), 99.4% acid orange 7 (AO7), 87.6% bisphenol A (BPA), and 89.5% hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) in 100 min, superior to CF/Ag2O cloth (83.5% RhB, 60.0% AO7, 31.2% BPA and 41.8% Cr6+). In particular, under the NIR-light illumination (980 nm laser), CF/TiO2/Ag2O cloth can remove 70.9% AO7 and 60.0% Cr6+ in 100 min, which are significantly higher than those by CF/Ag2O cloth (19.8% AO7 and 18.9% Cr6+). In addition, CF/TiO2/Ag2O cloth (diameter: 10 cm), as a filter-membrane, can effectively wipe off 94.4% flowing RhB solution (rate: ~ 1 L h? 1) at 6th filtering/degrading grade. Thus, CF/TiO2/Ag2O cloth can be used as a Vis–NIR-responded filter-membrane-shaped photocatalyst with high-efficiency for purifying wastewater.
关键词： n-TiO2/p-Ag2O junction,Filter-membrane,Photocatalyst,Vis-NIR photoresponse,Carbon fiber cloth
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01