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Design of freely suspended photonic crystal microfiber cavity sensors array in a general single mode fiber
摘要： We propose a novel design of refractive index (RI) sensor array based on ultrahigh sensitivity one dimensional (1D) photonic crystal microfiber (PCMF) cavities, which is referred as photonic crystal microfiber cavity sensors array (PCMF-CSA). The proposed PCMF-CSA consists of multiple channels connected in parallel. A transmission only containing the fundamental mode (FM) resonance of the PCMF cavity sensor for sensing purpose is created by connecting an additional PCMF bandgap filter to a PCMF cavity sensor in series on each channel. Due to the photonic bandgap (PBG) of the PCMF bandgap filter, the other high-order resonances are filtered out. With proper engineering of the PBG, multiple ultrahigh sensitivity PCMF cavity sensors can be integrated into microarrays without resonance overlap, and be detected simultaneously between a single input optical fiber and a single output optical fiber without the need for complicated coupling systems. The concept was demonstrated with 7-channel PCMF cavity sensor array containing PCMF bandgap filters. By using three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) method, the performance of the device was investigated theoretically. The simulation results showed that the sensors on each channels can be monitored simultaneously from a single output spectrum. The numerical calculated RI sensitivities (S) for each sensing channel of the proposal 7-channel PCMF-CSA as high as 647.33 nm/RIU, 666.67 nm/RIU, 662.00 nm/RIU, 676.00 nm/RIU, 674.67 nm/RIU, 659.33 nm/RIU, 679.99 nm/RIU can be achieved, respectively. The average RI sensitivity as high as 666.57 nm/RIU can be obtained. Moreover, the extinction ratios of all resonant peaks exceed 20.0 dB. The crosstalk of all channels is lower than ?24.5 dB. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first silica PCMF sensors array geometry based on conventional single mode fiber (SMF) that features both high Q and S, and thus is potentially a promising platform for ultra-sensitive RI-based gas sensing with high parallel-multiplexing capability.
关键词： Ultrahigh sensitivity,Photonic crystal,Multiplexing,Microfiber cavity,Sensors array,3D-FDTD
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Bending characteristic analysis and improvement of fusion splice between photonic crystal fiber and single mode fiber
摘要： We report a study of bending characteristic analysis and improvement of fusion splice between the photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and the single mode fiber (SMF). The poor bending characteristic of the splice between the PCF and the SMF is a threat to the fiber optic gyroscope (FOG). However, the tensile strength test shows that the splice should be able to withstand a much smaller bending radius. To solve this problem, we adopt three-dimensional (3D) X-Ray imaging to acquire the accurate structure of the splice and conclude that the stress concentration leads to the poor bending characteristic of the splice. A simple fiber tapering method is proposed to improve the bending characteristic of the splice without compromising the splice loss. The improved splice method for PCF has been used in FOG for space application successfully.
关键词： photonic crystal fiber,X-ray imaging,Bending characteristic,fiber splicing,fiber tapering
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Guiding light
摘要： Light trapped in hair-thin optical “wires” made of transparent materials such as glass can be piped around tight corners in computer chips, across oceans in telecommunications and back and forth inside a cavity in lasers. By eliminating beam diffraction, and allowing precise control over the beam shape and the chromatic dispersion, optical waveguides make many astonishing things possible.
关键词： dispersion,photonic crystal fibres,optical waveguides,diffraction,telecommunications,lasers
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Twisted beam shaping by plasma photonic crystal
摘要： In this paper, we investigate the strong modification and reshaping of the Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beam using a tailored magnetized plasma photonic crystal (PPC), based on the angular spectrum expansion and 4 × 4 matrix method. It is numerically shown that by manipulating both external magnetic field and plasma number density, the reflected and transmitted beam shape is perfectly controlled. In addition, to show the domain role of magnetized PPC birefringence in the shaping of the twisted beam (TB), vertical incidence and oblique incidence of the LG beam are analyzed. We believe that these results open the door to use PPC structures in modulating the shape of a reference TB for new optical traps. Meanwhile, this study gives a new insight into the diagnostic of plasma systems using analyses of TB shapes.
关键词： plasma photonic crystal,optical traps,Laguerre-Gaussian beam,plasma diagnostics,twisted beam
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Applied Nanophotonics || Photonic circuitry
摘要： The photonic crystal paradigm offers a new generation of compact waveguides, splitters, and demultiplexers. Coupling of waveguides with microcavities enables further uses, including electro-optical and all-optical switching. These ideas and their experimental implementations are the subject of this chapter. Problems on the way toward efficient integration of photonic and electronic devices and issues related to compatibility with the major platforms (InP platform photonics and Si platform) are discussed as well. Because of the complicated calculations involved in photonic circuitry modeling and complex interplay of many physical and technological issues, the discussion is kept at the conceptual level to highlight the basic principal approaches, physical phenomena involved, and ideas, without diving into detail.
关键词： waveguides,photonic crystal,splitters,photonic circuitry,all-optical switching,demultiplexers,electro-optical switching
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Coherent Control of the Hartman Effect through a Photonic Crystal with Four-Level Defect Layer
摘要： In this paper, we examine the transmission of a probe field through a one dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC) when the sixth layer of the crystal is doped with four level atoms. We analyze effects of the external driving field on the passage of weak probe field across the photonic crystal. It is found that for the phase time delay of the probe photons, intensity of the driving field switches the Hartman effect from sub to superluminal character. It is interesting to note that in our model, the superluminal transmission of the probe pulse is accompanied by a negligibly small absorption of the incident beam. It ensures that the probe field does not attenuate while passing through the photonic crystal. A similar switching of the Hartman effect may be obtained by adjusting detuning of the probe field related to the excited states of the four-level doping atoms.
关键词： phase time delay,superclassicality,Hartmann effect,photonic crystal
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Dual Fabry–Pérot Interferometric Carbon Monoxide Sensor Based on the PANI/Co3O4 Sensitive Membrane-Coated Fibre Tip
摘要： A novel dual Fabry–Pérot (F-P) interferometric carbon monoxide gas sensor based on polyaniline/Co3O4 (PANI/Co3O4) sensing film coated on the optical fibre end face is proposed and fabricated. Its structure is composed of standard single-mode-fibre (SMF), endlessly photonic crystal fibre (EPCF), and PANI/Co3O4 sensing membrane (PCSM). Therefore, they form three F-P reflectors, the reflector between SMF and EPCF, that between EPCF and PCSM, and interface between PCSM and air. So, the dual F-P interferometer is achieved. The results show that in the range of 0–70 ppm, the interference spectra appear red shift with the increasing carbon monoxide concentration. In addition, the high sensitivity of 21.61 pm/ppm, the excellent linear relationship 2 = 0.98476), and high selectivity for carbon monoxide (R are achieved. The response and recovery time are 35 and 84 s, respectively. The sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, strong selectivity, low cost, and simple structure and is suitable for sensitive detection of trace carbon monoxide gas.
关键词： Photonic Crystal Fibre,Polyaniline,Dual Fabry–Pérot Interferometer,Co3O4,Gas Sensor,Carbon Monoxide
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Highly birefringent photonic crystal fiber with hybrid cladding
摘要： A highly birefringent hybrid cladding photonic crystal ?ber (PCF) is proposed in this article. The guiding properties of the proposed PCF are numerically investigated using the ?nite element method (FEM). This ?ber exhibits very high birefringence in the order of ?10 2 at communication wavelengths. In addition, low con?nement lower negative dispersion of ? 274.5 ps/nm/km and higher nonlinearity of loss of 6.1 × 10 76.41 W km1 1 is achieved at the same wavelengths compared with the exist literature. The proposed simple cladding structure is easy for fabrication. Moreover, e?ective mode area and nonlinear coe?cient are analyzed and optimized. The proposed ?ber can prove its applications in sensing, telecommunication and non-linear technologies.
关键词： Photonic crystal ?ber,Dispersion,Nonlinearity,Con?nement loss,Birefringence
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Ultrasensitive long-period gratings sensor works near dispersion turning point and mode transition region by optimally designing a photonic crystal fiber
摘要： A novel and ultrasensitive long-period gratings (LPGs) sensor based on photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has been proposed and theoretically investigated. The surrounding refractive index (SRI) sensitivity can be improved enormously by optimizing structure parameters of PCF to ensure LPGs work near dispersion turning point (DTP). Based on this, mode transition (MT) has been also designed and realized in LPGs based on PCF for the first time to further explore the theoretical limit of sensitivity. The simulation results illustrated that the optimized SRI sensitivity is 67,600 nm/RIU in low RI measurement region (1.334–1.344), which is much higher than that of other reported LPGs sensor based on PCF in previous literatures. The competitive advantages make the proposed sensor has a great application prospect in biosensing field, such as biomolecules detection and label-free immune sensing.
关键词： Long period gratings,Mode transition,Photonic crystal fiber,Dispersion turning point
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Design and analysis of a Zeonex based diamond-shaped core kagome lattice photonic crystal fiber for T-ray wave transmission
摘要： A new kind of Zeonex based single mode photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has been designed and analysed for low loss terahertz wave transmission. The novel twist is introduced in a kagome lattice PCF by placing a diamond shaped core. Various geometrical parameters including core diameter, pitch distance, porosity, strut length and strut width are adjusted to optimize the PCF. Using Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation results show a low effective material loss (EML) of 0.04 cm?1 that is 80% lower than bulk material absorption loss of Zeonex, low confinement loss of 0.0001 cm?1 at 1 THz frequency and near zero flattened dispersion variation of 0.98 ± 0.09 ps/THz/cm with 1 THz transmission bandwidth. Owing to the above remarkable properties, the proposed waveguide can be a suitable candidate for improved transmission of terahertz waves.
关键词： Waveguide,Photonic crystal fiber,Dispersion,Terahertz,Effective material loss
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46