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Economic Analysis for Residential Solar PV Systems Based on Different Demand Charge Tariffs
摘要： It is well known that the use of photovoltaic (PV) systems helps to preserve the environment, produce lower levels of greenhouse gases (GHGs), and reduce global warming, however, whether it is economically profitable for customers or not is highly debatable. This paper aims to address this issue. To be comprehensive, three different types of buildings are considered as case studies. Then, these three buildings are modeled in EnergyPlus to determine the rate of energy consumption. Afterward, comparisons of various solar system sizes based on economic parameters such as the internal rate of return, the net present value, payback period and profitability indexing for various-sized PV systems are carried out. The results show that by the demand charge tariffs, using PV systems has no economic justification. It has been shown that even with neglecting further costs of the PV system like maintenance, by demand charge tariffs, it is not economically beneficial for customers to use the PV systems. Profitability index of all three buildings with various PV power systems is between 0.2 to 0.8, which are by no means is desirable. Moreover, it was found that bigger solar systems are less cost-effective in the presence of demand charges.
关键词： photovoltaic (PV) systems,economic analysis,energy in buildings,EnergyPlus
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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ANFIS Based Voltage Determination for Photovoltaic Systems According to the Specific Cell Parameters, and a Simulation for the Non-Isolated High Gain DCa??DC Boost Converter Control Regard to Voltage Fluctuations
摘要： In this study, a solar panel is modeled and parametric simulation studies are performed with Ansys-Electronics 2019 R2 software according to atmospheric and temperature coefficient parameters that affect the efficiency of electrical energy produced in photovoltaic (PV) systems. Based on parametric simulation studies, 482 data of the voltage value of the electrical energy produced were obtained. Then a certain part of this data was used for training in Adaptive Network Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) algorithms and the system was tested with the estimated values produced. Thus, in the generation of solar and electrical energy, the duty ratio controller performance designed with an uninsulated DC–DC converter circuit proposed to generate a 400 V constant value DC bus voltage at the output due to voltage changes at the input is reported.
关键词： Non-Isolated High Gain converter,photovoltaic (PV) systems,parametric simulation,Adaptive Network Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 Eleventh International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN) - Zagreb, Croatia (2019.7.2-2019.7.5)] 2019 Eleventh International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN) - Implement of 100-Gbps optical transceiver firmware for optical communication systems
摘要： This paper proposes a new fast technique, in which the slope of a photovoltaic (PV) inverter current is utilized to predict if the current is expected to exceed its rated value due to any grid faults. Two applications of this technique are demonstrated. In jurisdictions where grid codes require distributed generators (DGs) to disconnect after a fault occurrence, such as in Ontario, Canada, this technique is utilized to rapidly disconnect the PV solar system even before the inverter short circuit current actually exceeds the rated current of the inverter, thereby obviating the problem of any adverse short circuit current contribution into the grid. However, in regions where grid codes require DGs to stay connected and provide grid support, such as low-voltage ride through, this technique can be used to rapidly and autonomously transform the PV solar farm into a dynamic reactive power compensator STATCOM (termed PV-STATCOM) for providing voltage support function. In this paper, the PV-STATCOM is used to stabilize a critical induction motor load in the vicinity of the solar farm, which would have otherwise become unstable due to the grid fault. PSCAD-based simulation studies are performed on a realistic distribution network to demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique.
关键词： STATCOM,Distributed generator (DG),inverter,flexible AC transmission system (FACTS),protection,short circuit current,PV-STATCOM,photovoltaic (PV) systems
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Multivariate feature extraction based supervised machine learning for fault detection and diagnosis in photovoltaic systems
摘要： Fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) in the photovoltaic (PV) array has become a challenge due to the magnitudes of the faults, the presence of maximum power point trackers, non-linear PV characteristics, and the dependence on isolation efficiency. Thus, the aim of this paper is to develop an improved FDD technique of PV systems faults. The common FDD technique generally has two main steps: feature extraction and selection, and fault classification. Multivariate feature extraction and selection is very important for multivariate statistical systems monitoring. It can reduce the dimension of modeling data and improve the monitoring accuracy. Therefore, in the proposed FDD approach, the principal component analysis (PCA) technique is used for extracting and selecting the most relevant multivariate features and the supervised machine learning (SML) classifiers are applied for faults diagnosis. The FDD performance is established via different metrics using data extracted from different operating conditions of the grid-connected photovoltaic (GCPV) system. The obtained results confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approaches for fault detection and diagnosis.
关键词： fault classification,fault diagnosis,photovoltaic (PV) systems,feature extraction,Supervised machine learning (SML),principal component analysis (PCA)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 14th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA) - Xi'an, China (2019.6.19-2019.6.21)] 2019 14th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA) - Analysis and Design of a Novel Transformer-less-Inverter in Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System
摘要： The continuous urge for improvement in our standard of living has increased the consumption of electrical energy by leaps and bounds. This hike in energy consumption, draining of fossil fuels and degrading global environment has led to invention of green power generation systems. Thus, the global demand for renewable resources has led to flourishing of photovoltaic (PV) market. The enabling technology in the PV systems is the inverter, which could be either: 1) with transformer isolated or 2) without transformer non-isolated (transformer-less inverter). Recently, single phase transformer- less voltage source inverters (VSI) have been extensively used for distributed photovoltaic grid tied systems. The objective of this paper is to review a few notable topologies and propose a new topology for transformer-less photovoltaic inverter. The analysis and design of the proposed topology is verified by simulating it on PSIM. Furthermore, the simulation results are validated by testing a proof-of-concept laboratory hardware prototype rated at 250 W.
关键词： Photovoltaic (PV) systems,transformer-less,single phase inverter
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT-Europe) - Bucharest, Romania (2019.9.29-2019.10.2)] 2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT-Europe) - Multi-layer Reactive Power Control of Solar Photovoltaic Systems in MV Distribution Network
摘要： The growing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) systems in distribution networks causes various power quality issues e.g. voltage rise, network losses. To deal with the overvoltage, inverter-based reactive power contribution is one of the most commonly proposed approaches. However, using standard strategies with fixed droop parameters limits the control effectiveness. Moreover, much reactive power absorbed by PVs around noon might increase the network loss, overload the substation consequently, especially in the network with long distribution feeders. In this paper, a combined centralized and local control method is proposed with the suggestion of multi-layer structure. Droop parameters of local control are updated every 15 min by centralized control to minimize reactive power flow through substation while keeping voltages in permitted levels. By avoiding overloading substation, more PV generation can be added to the feeder.
关键词： Reactive power control,droop control,particle swarm optimization,voltage control,photovoltaic (PV) systems
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) - Macau, China (2019.11.3-2019.11.8)] 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) - A Robust Laser-Inertial Odometry and Mapping Method for Large-Scale Highway Environments
摘要： This paper proposes a new fast technique, in which the slope of a photovoltaic (PV) inverter current is utilized to predict if the current is expected to exceed its rated value due to any grid faults. Two applications of this technique are demonstrated. In jurisdictions where grid codes require distributed generators (DGs) to disconnect after a fault occurrence, such as in Ontario, Canada, this technique is utilized to rapidly disconnect the PV solar system even before the inverter short circuit current actually exceeds the rated current of the inverter, thereby obviating the problem of any adverse short circuit current contribution into the grid. However, in regions where grid codes require DGs to stay connected and provide grid support, such as low-voltage ride through, this technique can be used to rapidly and autonomously transform the PV solar farm into a dynamic reactive power compensator STATCOM (termed PV-STATCOM) for providing voltage support function. In this paper, the PV-STATCOM is used to stabilize a critical induction motor load in the vicinity of the solar farm, which would have otherwise become unstable due to the grid fault. PSCAD-based simulation studies are performed on a realistic distribution network to demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique.
关键词： STATCOM,Distributed generator (DG),inverter,flexible AC transmission system (FACTS),protection,short circuit current,PV-STATCOM,photovoltaic (PV) systems
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Baltimore, MD, USA (2019.9.29-2019.10.3)] 2019 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Interharmonics Reduction in Photovoltaic Systems with Random Sampling MPPT Technique
摘要： An increasing penetration level of grid-connected Photovoltaic (PV) systems raises a concern regarding power quality problem, in particularly, interharmonics. According to previous research, the perturbation from the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm is one of the main root-cause of interharmonic emission in PV systems. In general, the interharmonic characteristics are strongly dependent on the sampling rate of the MPPT algorithm. A slow sampling rate of the MPPT algorithm can minimize the interharmonic emission but it results in poor tracking performance of the MPPT algorithm. Thus, there is a trade-off between the interharmonic emission and the MPPT efficiency when selecting the MPPT sampling rate. To overcome this problem, a new MPPT technique implemented with a random sampling rate is proposed in this paper. The proposed method randomly selects the MPPT algorithm sampling rate during each perturbation. This method is simple to be implemented but results in a significant reduction in the interharmonics of the output current and, at the same time, a high MPPT efficiency. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been validated experimentally with a single-phase grid-connected PV system. Moreover, the effect of interharmonic cancellation when implementing the proposed random sampling MPPT technique with parallel-connected PV inverters has also been demonstrated.
关键词： inverters,interharmonics,maximum power point tracking (MPPT),power quality,Photovoltaic (PV) systems
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Methodology of K?ppen-Geiger-Photovoltaic climate classification and implications to worldwide mapping of PV system performance
摘要： Photovoltaic (PV) already proves but even more promises to be massively deployed worldwide. To evaluate the performance of PV systems globally and assess risk due to different climate conditions, we propose a methodology for the global K?ppen-Geiger-Photovoltaic (KGPV) climate classification that divides the globe into 12 zones with regard to the temperature, precipitation and irradiation, and standardizes the evaluations of the performance in regions with similar climatic conditions. Additionally, we present implications of KGPV to simulated PV performance using monthly data, for current and future operation of PV systems worldwide including climate change scenarios. A set of electrical and thermal performance indicators of crystalline silicon PV modules in different KGPV zones is analyzed and their evolution over time due to climate changes caused by high greenhouse gas emissions discussed. Results show that the KGPV scheme proves to be a convenient methodology to relate the KGPV climate zones with PV performance.
关键词： Photovoltaic,PV systems,Performance,Climate change,Climate zones
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22