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Automated formal verification of stand-alone solar photovoltaic systems
摘要： With declining costs and increasing performance, the deployment of renewable energy systems is growing faster. In 2017, for the first time, the number of people without access to electricity dropped down below 1 billion, but trends on energy access likewise fall short of global goals. Particular attention is given to stand-alone solar photovoltaic systems in rural areas or where grid extension is unfeasible. Tools to evaluate electrification projects are available, but they are based on simulations that do not cover all aspects of the design-space. Automated verification using model checking has proven to be an effective technique to validate complex (state transition) systems. This paper marks the first application of software model checking to formally verify the design of a stand-alone solar photovoltaic system, including solar panel, charge controller, battery, inverter, and electric load. Our main focus is on the project validation to be carried out just after the system sizing, i.e., prior to buying equipment and deployment, as a safe approach to ensure the intended behavior. Five case studies were used to evaluate this proposed approach and to compare that with specialized simulation tool. Different verification tools were evaluated to compare performance and soundness among automated verifiers. The results reported by our automated verification method and by the simulation tool were compared with data collected from dwellers of the deployed cases, thereby showing the effectiveness of our approach, where specific conditions that lead to failures in a solar photovoltaic system are only detailed by the automated verification method.
关键词： Model checking,Formal verification,Photovoltaic power systems
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Historic Developments, Current Technologies and Potential of Nanotechnology to Develop Next Generation Solar Cells with Improved Efficiency
摘要： Sun is the continuous source of renewable energy, from where we can get abundant of solar energy. Concept of conversion of solar energy into heat was used back in 200 B.C. since then, the solar cells have been developed which can convert solar energy into the electrical energy and these systems have been produced commercially. The technologies to enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) have been continuously improved. Different technologies used for developing solar cells can be categorized either on the basis of material used or techniques of technology development which is further termed as ‘first generation’ (e.g. crystalline silicon), ‘second generation’ (thin films of Amorphous silicon, Copper indium gallium selenide, Cadmium telluride), ‘Third generation’ (Concentrated, Organic and Dye sensitize solar cell). These technologies give PCE up to 25% depending on the technology and the materials used. Nanotechnology enables the use of nanomaterial whose size is below 100 nm with extraordinary properties which has the capability to enhance the PCE to greater extent. Various nanomaterials like quantum dots, quantum well, carbon nanotubes, nanowire and graphene have been used to make efficient and economical solar cells, which not only provide high conversion efficiency economically but also are easy to produce. Today, by using nanotechnology, conversion efficiency up to 44.7 % has been achieved by Fraunhofer Institute at Germany. In this review article, we have reviewed the literature including various patents and publications, summarized the history of solar cell development, development of different technologies and rationale of their development highlighting the advantages and challenges involved in their development for commercial purpose. We have also included the recent developments in solar cell research where different nanomaterials have been designed and used successfully to prove their superiority over conventional systems.
关键词： Nanotechnology,Solar cell,Photovoltaic,Power conversion efficiency,Renewable energy
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC) - Macao, Macao (2019.12.1-2019.12.4)] 2019 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC) - Photovoltaic Power Generation Prediction Using Data Clustering and Parameter Optimization
摘要： With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, photovoltaic power forecasting has become an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, a method for predicting photovoltaic power based on data clustering and parameter optimization is proposed. The proposed method can be implemented as follows: firstly, the meteorological feature to be collected is determined by analyzing the physical model of the photovoltaic cell and the collected numerical weather information is divided into a set of categories by K-means. Then, the BP neural network is adopted and trained for individual categories, and an adaptive parameter optimization method is proposed to prevent model from local optimum. In the end, the proposed method is compared with other models to verify its effectiveness.
关键词： Photovoltaic Power Prediction,BP Neural Network,Data Clustering,Parameter Optimization
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A review on voltage control for distribution systems with large-scale distributed photovoltaic power integration
摘要： In order to solve the problems of voltage wide-range fluctuations and over-limitation after large-scale distributed photovoltaic (DPV) integrated into distribution networks, this paper conducts a comprehensive and detailed analysis of voltage control strategy by summarizing existing voltage control technology and experience at home and abroad. The technical points and a comprehensive comparison from the perspectives of active power curtailment (APC), reactive power control (RPC) and active-reactive power coordination control (A/RC) are made. Through comparative analysis, it is found that adopting active-reactive power coordination control is a key measure to effectively improve voltage quality and increase the PV hosting capacity of distribution networks. The optimization of the control strategy can effectively improve the friendliness of large-scale PV system integration. The method and control strategy can provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for voltage management of distribution networks with high penetration PV integration.
关键词： reactive power control,active-reactive power coordination control,distributed photovoltaic power,voltage control,active power curtailment,distribution systems
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Prediction short-term photovoltaic power using improved chicken swarm optimizer - Extreme learning machine model
摘要： Photovoltaic power generation is greatly affected by weather conditions while the photovoltaic power has a certain negative impact on the power grid. The power sector takes certain measures to abandon photovoltaic power generation, thus limiting the development of clean energy power generation. This study is to propose an accurate short-term photovoltaic power prediction method. A new short-term photovoltaic power output prediction model is proposed Based on extreme learning machine and intelligent optimizer. Firstly, the input of the model is determined by correlation coef?cient method. Then the chicken swarm optimizer is improved to strengthen the convergence. Secondly, the improved chicken swarm optimizer is used to optimize the weights and the extreme learning machine thresholds to improve the prediction effect. Finally, the improved chicken swarm optimizer extreme learning machine model is used to predict the photovoltaic power under different weather conditions. The testing results show that the average mean absolute percentage error and root mean square error of improved chicken swarm optimizer - extreme learning machine model are 5.54% and 3.08%. The proposed method is of great signi?cance for the economic dispatch of power systems and the development of clean energy.
关键词： Extreme learning machine,Model-driven method,Photovoltaic power generation,Intelligent optimizer,Power prediction
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Hour-ahead photovoltaic power forecast using a hybrid GRA-LSTM model based on multivariate meteorological factors and historical power datasets
摘要： Owing to the clean, inexhaustible and pollution-free, solar energy has become a powerful means to solve energy and environmental problems. However, photovoltaic (PV) power generation varies randomly and intermittently with respect to the weather, which bring the challenge to the dispatching of PV electrical power. Thus, power forecasting for PV power generation has become one of the key basic technologies to overcome this challenge. The paper presents a grey relational analysis (GRA) and long short-term memory recurrent neural network (LSTM RNN) (GRA-LSTM) model-based power short-term forecasting of PV power plants approach. The GRA algorithm is adopted to select the similar hours from history dataset, and then the LSTM NN maps the nonlinear relationship between the multivariate meteorological factors and power data. The proposed model is verified by using the dataset of the PV systems from the Desert Knowledge Australia Solar Center (DKASC). The prediction results of the method are contrasted with those obtained by LSTM, grey relational analysis-back propagation neural network (GRA-BPNN), grey relational analysis-radial basis function neural network (GRA-RBFNN) and grey relational analysis-Elman neural network (GRA-Elman), respectively. Results show an acceptable and robust performance of the proposed model.
关键词： photovoltaic power forecast,GRA-LSTM model,historical power datasets,multivariate meteorological factors
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Differential Power Processing based Photovoltaic Power Systems: A Review
摘要： The internal and external mismatches experienced on photovoltaic (PV) cells will reduce the actual output power. Compared with the full power processing (FPP) architecture, differential power processing (DPP) architectures achieve high system reliable and efficiency by processing a fraction of total power when maintaining the operation of distributed local maximum power point (MPP). This paper presents a comprehensive review of different DPP architectures in terms of the connection, power converter topologies, and MPPT control. The conclusion was drawn based on the literature review and evaluation.
关键词： efficiency,Photovoltaic power system,energy
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Land Use Assessment of Economic Crops for Photovoltaic Power Plant in Phetchabun Province
摘要： This research focuses at the change of land use from agriculture to photovoltaic power plant. Geographic information system (GIS) technology was used to indicate the unsuitable areas for five economic crops namely paddy, sugar cane, maize, cassava and para rubber. The assess cost, income, and CO2 emission of the economic crops and photovoltaic power plant are the major factors for deciding the suitability of the land use. The results were found that the unsuitable areas of the five economic crops are 241,142 rai and there is 17.6 MJ/m2.day of average solar radiation, which is suitable to build the photovoltaic power plant. The profit/loss of paddy, sugar cane, maize, cassava and para rubber in the suitable areas are -1,193 baht/ton, 33 baht/ton, 85 baht/ton, 259 baht/ton and -9,150 baht/ton, respectively while photovoltaic power plant cost and income are 4.12 baht/kWh and 5.65 baht/kWh respectively. CO2 emission of paddy, sugar cane, maize, cassava, para rubber and photovoltaic power plant are 2,315 kgCO2eq/ton, 37.15 kgCO2eq/ton, 256.12 kgCO2eq/ton, 29.07 kgCO2eq/ton, 153 kgCO2eq/ton and -0.5743 kgCO2eq/kWh, respectively. Results revealed that land use change from economic crops planting to photovoltaic power plant construction, in unsuitable areas is appropriate and worthy from the environmental and the economic aspect.
关键词： Photovoltaic power plant,Geographic information system,Land use
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Performance assessment of domestic photovoltaic power plant with a storage system
摘要： Grid-connected low voltage photovoltaic power plants cover the majority of the power capacity installed in Italy. They offer an important contribution to the power demand of the utilities connected but, due to the nature of the solar resource, the night time consumption can be satisfied only withdrawing the energy by the national grid, at the price of the energy distributor. Thanks to the improvement of storage technologies and the decreasing of costs, the installation of a system of battery looks a promising solution. In this paper, a model-based approach to analyze and discuss the performance of a domestic photovoltaic power plant with a storage system is presented.
关键词： Service Availability,Dynamic Reliability,Retrofit Photovoltaic Power Plant,Monte Carlo Simulation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Combined probabilistic forecasting method for photovoltaic power using an improved Markov chain
摘要： A novel combined probabilistic forecasting method based on an improved Markov chain for photovoltaics (PVs) to enhance the accuracy of probabilistic PV power forecasting is presented. First, a Markov chain (MC) forecasting structure combining precise factors is proposed that considers more influence factors beyond the statistical information of historical data as compared with conventional MCs. Rough set theory is then used to refine the major factors to quantify the influence of those factors. Furthermore, a k-nearest neighbours algorithm is used to select similar samples for building an accurate forecasting model. Based on similar samples, the changing PV trends are more obvious than when using whole historical samples, thus further improving forecasting accuracy. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified by comparing results from simulations with the results from competing methods for two cases using datasets from DESERT KNOWLEDGE AUSTRALIA Solar Centre and GEFCom2014. The simulation results show that the proposed method can provide probabilistic forecasting results with better performance, also, the proposed method can be adapted to various forecasting scenarios.
关键词： photovoltaic power,k-nearest neighbours algorithm,probabilistic forecasting,rough set theory,improved Markov chain
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52