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Coordinative Low-Voltage-Ride-Through Control for the Wind-Photovoltaic Hybrid Generation System
摘要： The wind-photovoltaic (PV) hybrid renewable energy system (HRES), which consists of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) and PV arrays, is becoming a cost-effective electric source for powering islanded areas. However, high penetration of renewables makes the power system vulnerable to transient voltage faults, which undermines the stability of the future inverter-dominated grid. To address this issue, a coordinative low-voltage-ride-through (LVRT) control scheme is proposed for the operation of the wind-PV HRES in this paper. This control scheme will exploit the maximum energy inertia of the HRES for incorporating the power imbalance between the faulted grid and the renewable generators. An optimization problem is formulated to maximize the renewable energy harvesting within the operational and environmental limitations. To cope with different working conditions, four control processes are coordinated in an optimized manner during the LVRT period, namely (i) Adaptive DC-link voltage control, (ii) PMSG rotating speed control, (iii) PV energy curtailment control, and (iv) Blade pitch angle control. Besides, this control scheme applies a direct output control that can generate stable and accurate current as per grid code requirements. The results of the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiment and the MATLAB-Simulink simulation are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
关键词： power system faults,Hybrid renewable energy system,low-voltage-ride-through,smart grid
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A Multi-Agent Social Gamification Model to Guide Sustainable Urban Photovoltaic Panels Installation Policies
摘要： The paper presents a holistic and quantitative model of social gami?cation in a smart city, which is likely to stimulate the photovoltaic panels installation. The coupling of multi-agent systems, GIS tools, demographic data, and a spatial knowledge base made it possible to develop and calibrate a computable model of social interaction in a “model smart city,” as well as to quantitatively evaluate the deployment of photovoltaic panels. It also enabled the analysis of factors a?ecting the e?ciency of this process, e.g., the photovoltaic potential of solar roofs, the ownership of buildings, the type of building development, the level of social trust, institutional and social incentives, and the development of an information society. The devised model is tested on the city of Warsaw, utilizing spatial and descriptive data provided by city authorities.
关键词： smart city,spatial databases,gami?cation,renewable energy systems,photovoltaics,multi-agent systems
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Determining Optimum Tilt Angles of Photovoltaic Panels by Using Artificial Neural Networks in Turkey
摘要： Sun is the most important energy source of the world. To make use of this energy source effectively, the sun’s angle of incidence to earth must be known. The angle, however, between rotation axis and orbital plane of the world is not constant and it changes continuously. Depending on this change, the incidence angle of sun beams also change. For purpose of increasing the light amount falling on solar panels, light beams must be adjusted according to their angles of incidence. The difference of this study from the studies in literature realized to determine the optimum tilt angle by means of mathematical methods is the determination of optimum tilt angles with artificial neural networks. In the study, not each province within boundaries of Turkey but the whole country as a system was introduced to the artificial neural network. Thanks to this, monthly optimum tilt angle of the system to be installed in any place within boundaries of Turkey was determined by the artificial neural network. The installed solar panels were adjusted according to this optimum tilt angle. Thanks to this, it was ensured to be obtained maximum output from solar panels. Mounting of the system according to an angle as predicted by artificial neural network has caused 34% increase in energy amount obtained from fixed solar panel systems. Consequently, in this study, in prediction of optimum tilt angle of fixed solar panels, in what extent the artificial neural networks are successful were observed. It was determined that correct results have been obtained in respect of both economy and utilization.
关键词： Optimum Tilt Angle,Solar Cell,Renewable Energy,Artificial Neural Networks
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Advances in reduction of total harmonic distortion in solar photovoltaic systems: A literature review
摘要： The use of photovoltaic (PV) systems has increased in recent years due to the high demand for clean energy sources. PV systems can utilize abundant and free energy from the sun, which is a substantial advantage. However, compared with other renewable technologies, the PV system still faces major obstacles such as high cost and low efficiency. In addition, fluctuating incident energy from the sun creates harmonics in the generated power that might lead to undesirable system performance. Total harmonic distortion (THD) is the ratio of distorted power to the main power of the signal, and is most commonly used to indicate the amount of signal distortion. THD has become a serious concern as more PV systems are integrated into grid systems. Previous research and reviews have attempted to reduce THD and its effect, but unfortunately focused on reducing THD at individual parts of the PV system. For the first time, this study holistically and systematically reviews the advances in THD reduction techniques for the entire PV system. The causes of harmonics, current solutions, and research gaps for further investigation are described in detail. Moreover, the current THD reduction techniques used in each stage of the PV system are compared, including their main benefits and drawbacks. Finally, this study recommends the use of adaptive filters as a possible solution for THD reduction because these filters have effectively reduced noise and disturbance in other systems.
关键词： THD reduction,DC-DC converter,harmonics,THD,photovoltaic,inverters,PV,adaptive filters,renewable energy,MPPT
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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The Role of Photovoltaics (PV) in the Present and Future Situation of Suriname
摘要： The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the energy sector and the current status of photovoltaic (PV) systems in Suriname and to investigate which role PV systems can play in this country’s future energy transition. At this moment, 64% of the power is available from diesel/heavy fuel oil (HFO) gensets while 36% is available from renewables namely hydroelectric power systems and PV systems. Suriname has renewable energy (RE) targets for 2017 and 2022 which already have been achieved by this 36%. However, the RE target of 2027 of 47% must be achieved yet. As there is abundant irradiance available, on an average 1792 kWh/m2/year and because several PV systems have already been successfully implemented, PV can play an important role in the energy transition of Suriname. In order to achieve the 2027 target with only PV systems, an additional 110 MWp of installed PV capacity will be required. Governmental and non-governmental institutes have planned PV projects. If these will be executed in the future than annually 0.8 TWh electricity will be produced by PV systems. In order to meet the electricity demand of 2027 fully, 2.2 TWh PV electricity will be required which implies that more PV systems must be implemented in Suriname besides the already scheduled ones.
关键词： photovoltaics systems,electric energy generation,energy transition,renewable energy,Suriname
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Thin film Sn2S3 via chemical deposition and controlled heating - its prospects as a solar cell absorber
摘要： As a semiconductor of “earth-abundant” elements, Sn2S3 with a bandgap (Eg) close to 1 eV merits attention, but a method to prepare phase-pure thin film remains elusive. We report the formation of Sn2S3 thin film of 360 nm in thickness by heating chemically deposited tin sulfide thin films at 450 oC during 30 – 45 min in presence of sulfur at a pressure, 75 Torr of nitrogen. Energy dispersive x-ray emission spectra and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction established a reaction route for this conversion of SnS completely to Sn2S3 via an intermediate phase, SnS2. The optical bandgap of the material is 1.25 eV (indirect) and 1.75 eV (direct, forbidden). The optical absorption suggests a light-generated current density of 30 mA/cm2 for the Sn2S3 film (360 nm) as a solar cell absorber. Thin film Sn2S3 formed in 30 min heating has a p-type electrical conductivity in the dark of 1x10–4 Ω–1 cm–1, which increases to 3x10–4 Ω–1 cm–1 in 0.2 s under 800 W/m2 tungsten-halogen illumination. An estimate made for its mobility-lifetime product is, 6x10–6 cm2 V–1. We discuss the prospects of this material for solar cells.
关键词： SnS-CUB,Sn2S3,semiconductor thin film,chemical deposition,energy conversion,ottemannite,cubic tin sulfide,renewable energy,optical and electrical properties,solar cells
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Chengdu, China (2019.5.21-2019.5.24)] 2019 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) - Research & Prospect of Cascade Hydro-photovoltaic-pumped Storage Hybrid Power Generation Technology
摘要： Development of renewable energy has become a key strategic measure for energy development in countries around the world. The technology of cascade hydro-photovoltaic- pumped storage hybrid power generation closely combines small cascade hydropower, photovoltaic(PV) power and pumped storage power generation, and realizes complementary optimization of these renewable resources. Taking the cascade hydro-photovoltaic-pumped storage combines power generation technology as the research object, this paper summarizes its research status in recent years, and discusses the prospects of three key technologies of multi-time-scale planning of hydro- photovoltaic-pumped storage power generation which adapts to complex dynamic and static operating conditions, dynamic safe operation interval analysis and cluster control of cascade hydro- photovoltaic hybrid system and intelligent dispatching and optimal control of cascade hydro-photovoltaic-pumped storage hybrid power station with consideration taken on stochastic behaviors. This paper aims to, suggesting research approaches for the research and relevant works on the technology development of cascade hydro-photovoltaic-pumped storage hybrid power generation.
关键词： photovoltaic power,Cascade hydropower,multi-energy hybrid power,pumped storage,renewable energy
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Power control of hybrid energy systems with renewable sources (wind-photovoltaic) using switched systems strategy
摘要： This paper presents a novel strategy for output power control of a hybrid energy system, composed of renewable energy sources (wind and photovoltaic), a battery bank and a variable load. Developing an energy management strategy, the hybrid energy system is described here as a switched nonlinear system with unknown parameters. Then, an adaptive control strategy is proposed to satisfy the total power demand in different conditions, under arbitrary switching. The proposed control law only depends on angular speed and current, without requiring the wind measurements. The analytical stability proof is given, based on the common Lyapunov function method. The simulation results are also presented and discussed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method, for a typical hybrid energy system.
关键词： Energy management strategy,Renewable energy sources,Switched nonlinear system,Lyapunov function method
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Analysis and optimization of passive cooling approach for free-standing photovoltaic panel: Introduction of slits
摘要： One of the major issues related to market available silicon based photovoltaic (PV) technologies is the performance drop caused by relatively high PV panel operating temperatures. The proper cooling of PV panels can reduce performance degradation and increase the lifetime of convectional PV panels. This paper investigates architecture modifications to market available silicon PV panels with the introduction of slits on the PV panel surface, which enables the passive cooling of PV panels. Two different arrangements of slits were numerically investigated and followed with the optimization approach. A developed numerical model was derived from the referent numerical model that was experimentally validated. For each considered scenario, a detailed flow and thermal analysis was performed which included optimization regarding minimum average PV cell temperatures. The considered slit types differ with slit orientation, i.e. parallel to PV panel tilt-axis (type-A) and perpendicular to PV panel tilt-axis (type-B). In both cases, a detailed analysis and optimization required ~100 CFD simulations to investigate the effects of different slit sizes and all wind directions. Overall, using the considered slit modifications, the average PV cell temperature could be decreased up to 3 °C, where effective cooling with the proposed modification is only reasonable for wind speeds up to 5 m/s.
关键词： Energy conversion efficiency,Renewable energy,Photovoltaics,Numerical analysis,Passive cooling
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Solar Cells and Energy Materials || 2. Solar energy
摘要： The society and technology that human beings have built for themselves are strongly dependent on the consumption of energy. However, earth’s energy resources have been consumed for a long time, and we will have to face energy resource problems and find solutions now if we wish to develop a sustainable human society. If we continue to use fossil fuels at the current rate, they will be completely exhausted within the 21st century. Therefore, there is an urgent need to shift towards the use of renewable energies such as solar energy, nuclear fusion, wind power, biomass, and geothermal energy instead of continuing to use fossil fuels. Renewable energy resources are abundant and have a low impact on the natural environment. On the other hand, they provide low energy density and strongly fluctuate depending on the place and time. Therefore, creating a stable supply of energy is difficult given the current state of technology and the social system we live in, and there are many difficulties in practically using these energy resources.
关键词： solar energy,global warming,renewable energy,thermodynamics,fossil fuels
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04