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Titanium dioxide-based picoseconds pulsed fiber laser performances comparison in the 1.5-micron region
摘要： We demonstrated and compared picoseconds pulsed fiber lasers based on Titanium dioxide based saturable absorbers (SAs); 20 cm long Titanium dioxide-doped fiber (TiO2DF) and Titanium dioxide PVA film (TiO2PF) in the 1.5-micron region. The laser cavity utilized 2.4 m long Erbium-doped fiber (EDF) as the gain medium. A self-starting pulsed laser with a consistent repetition rate of ~1 MHz emerged stably with the incorporation of TiO2 based SAs. The TiO2DF SA produced 9.74 ps pulsed laser at a central wavelength of 1553 nm within a pump power range of 106-142 mW. The fiber SA promoted slightly higher slope efficiency and maximum pulse energy of 13.17% and 8.56 nJ, respectively in comparison with the film SA. On the other hand, the TiO2PF SA generated stable 3.89 ps pulsed laser at an operating wavelength of 1560 nm within 86-142 mW pump power range. The film SA also produced slightly greater maximum output power of 12.17 mW and maximum peak power of 3.43 kW, respectively at the maximum pump power. The results confirmed that both TiO2 SAs can be good alternative pulse modulator in the 1.5-micron region.
关键词： Titanium dioxide,fiber saturable absorber,Optical fiber laser,thin film
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Samarium (III) oxide thin film as a saturable absorber for the passively Q-switched Tm-doped fiber laser
摘要： We have demonstrated a passive Q-switched Thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL using samarium oxide (Sm2O3) nanomaterial as saturable absorber (SA). The Sm2O3 based SA was fabricated by simply mixing the Sm2O3 powder solution with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution. The homogeneously mixed solution was spread and dry to form a thin film. A piece of 1 mm x 1 mm of the SA thin film is sandwiched between two fiber ferrules and incorporated into a TDFL ring cavity for pulses generation. By controlling the loss and gain in the cavity, stable Q-switching operation was generated. The repetition rate was tunable from 17.62 kHz to 29.20 kHz by varying the pump power from 619 mW to 784 mW. The smallest pulse width of 3.54 μs and the highest pulse energy of 0.20 uJ were obtained at the highest pump power.
关键词： Fiber laser,saturable absorber,Q-switched
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Nonlinear optical properties and Q-switched laser application of a novel Mo<sub>0.5</sub>Re<sub>0.5</sub>S<sub>2</sub> ternary alloy material at 2 μm
摘要： In this study, a novel ternary alloy using Mo0.5Re0.5S2 as a saturable absorber (SA) is prepared by liquid phase separation method (LPE) and successfully applied to a passively Q-switched (PQS) Tm:YAP bulk laser for the first time. The nonlinear saturable absorption effect of the prepared Mo0.5Re0.5S2 SA at 2 μm is characterized using the open-aperture Z-scan technique and results in a saturable intensity of 5.62 μJ/cm2 and modulation depth of 7.92%. Using Mo0.5Re0.5S2 as an SA, a 2 μm Q-switched Tm:YAP laser is realized, generating a maximum output power of 0.957 W with a shortest pulse width of 857.5 ns and a maximum repetition rate of 95 kHz. The corresponding single pulse energy and peak power are 10.1 μJ and 11.5 W, respectively. These achievements indicate that Mo0.5Re0.5S2 could be an excellent and reliable SA for mid-infrared laser applications, and the ternary transition metal disulfide alloy will bring new application opportunities to optoelectronic devices in the future.
关键词： 2 μm,ternary alloy,Mo0.5Re0.5S2,Q-switched laser,saturable absorber
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Eye-Safe Er:YAG Laser Q-Switched by Co:Spinel Saturable Absorber
摘要： The aim of this work was to investigate the utilization of Co:Spinel as saturable absorber for eye-safe Er:YAG laser generating at 1645 nm wavelength. Co:Spinel (Co:MgAl2O4, Co:MALO) absorber is used to Q-switching for laser systems generating about 1.5 μm wavelength, for example for Er:glass laser. Due to lower radiation absorption above the 1.55 μm wavelength of Co:spinel, the another passive absorbers were investigated, e.g. U:SrF2 [1], Co:GSGG [2], and Cr:ZnSe [3]. However, the advantage of Co:Spinel is its high damage threshold and therefore, the research of its utilization would be prolonged, especially for 1.6 μm Er:YAG laser.
关键词： eye-safe laser,saturable absorber,Er:YAG laser,Q-switching,Co:Spinel
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Nd,Gd:SrF <sub/>2</sub> Laser Generating 600 fs Pulses at 0.9 W of Pump Power
摘要： Fluoride crystals (CaF2, SrF2) doped with neodymium Nd3+ and codoped with non-active ions as Y3+, La3+, or Gd3+ for breaking clusters of active ions, have become recently interesting active media for the diode-pumped mode-locked lasers. They possess broader emission spectra as well as longer fluorescence lifetime in comparison with widely used crystals such as Nd:YAG or Nd:YVO4. The femtosecond Nd,Y:SrF2 laser generating 97 fs pulses was reported in the Ti:sapphire pumped system [1]. We have reported continuously mode-locked operation of this laser pumped by a 2 W multimode laser diode and mode-locked using a semiconductor saturable absorber generating pulses with the duration of 258 fs [2]. In laser systems with La3+ codoped crystals, which have wider tunability than Y3+ codoped crystals, passively mode-locked 354 to 1200 fs and continuous-wave 1044 to 1081 nm tunable operation was reported in the system pumped by 4 W laser diode [3]. Recently a new Nd,Gd:SrF2 crystal has been investigated and the dual wavelength mode-locked picosecond operation was reported for pump power higher than 3.8 W [4]. We reported femtosecond operation of laser with this crystal and obtained pulses as short as 228 fs with output power of 2 x 50 mW in system pumped by 2 W laser diode for absorbed pump power of 1320 mW [5]. In the present contribution we report on operation of this novel laser with a Brewster cut crystal in passively mode locked regime for extremely low pump power. Laser system schematic is similar as in ref. [5] and is shown in Fig. 1. A 5 mm long Brewster cut 0.5%Nd, 5%Gd:SrF2 crystal was pumped by a multimode 2 W laser diode at 796 nm and passively mode-locked using a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SAM). Using a chirped mirror M3 with GDD equal to -650 fs2 it was possible to achieve continuously mode locked regime at absorbed pump power of only 320 mW, with output power of 2 x 12 mW behind the mirror M4 in linearly polarized beams with nearly Gaussian spatial profile and pulse duration of 740 fs (assuming sech2 pulse shape). For higher absorbed pump power of 632 mW (905 mW incident on the crystal) the total output power of 2 x 20 mW was achieved with a pulse duration of 600 fs. The autocorrelation curve is shown in Fig. 2 together with the measured spectrum 3.3 nm wide, and centered at 1051.5 nm. The absorbed pump power is 2 - 4 times smaller in comparison with our previous results. The calculated time-bandwidth product of 0.536 gives potential to get shorter pulses (down to 352 fs) with optimum GVD compensation.
关键词： diode-pumped,semiconductor saturable absorber mirror,femtosecond pulses,Nd,Gd:SrF2,mode-locked lasers
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Development of all-fiber Fabry-Perot pulse laser with a fiber type saturable absorber and improvement of the oscillation characteristics
摘要： The authors developed high-concentration erbium doped fiber as a saturable absorber, making use of its concentration quenching. Then, they developed an all-fiber Fabry-Perot pulse laser with high-concentration erbium doped fiber and demonstrated that it enables stable and passive pulse oscillation regardless of disturbance. Furthermore, they successfully improve power efficiency and shortening pulse width to 1.8 μs by optimizing the structure of the fiber laser.
关键词： Er doped fiber,fiber laser,concentration quenching,all-fiber passive Q-switching,fiber-type saturable absorber
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Q-switching Zirconia-Erbium-doped Pulsed Fiber Laser with MWCNTs-PEO as Saturable Absorber
摘要： Q-switched pulses provide a significant contribution to recent biomedical applications such as laser treatment, medical imaging, biomedical diagnoses and spectroscopy due to high efficiency, compact device, less footprint, flexibility and cost effective. A successful generation of Q-switching pulsed fiber laser by using a homemade fiber of zirconia-based erbium-doped fiber (Zr-EDF) with the utilization multi-walled carbon nanotubes-polyethylene oxide (MWCNTs-PEO) as saturable absorber is reported. The active medium is 1 meter length of Zr-EDF with -0.6 ps2 group delay dispersion (GDD) for overall setup arrangement. At maximum pump power 126 mW, the repetition rate, pulse duration, output power and pulse energy are 17.3 kHz, 7.57 μs, 1.13 mW and 65.03 nJ, respectively.
关键词： MWCNTs-PEO,Saturable Absorber,Pulsed Fiber Laser,Q-switching,Zirconia-Erbium-doped fiber
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Thermally Stabilized, Energy Efficient, All-Fiber Optical Frequency Comb
摘要： In recent years, optical frequency combs are gaining attention in many fields of science, e.g. frequency metrology, optical clocks, and high-resolution spectroscopy. Most sophisticated comb sources can be repetition rate stabilized down to 10-16 uncertainty in 1 s averaging time [1] (bounded by the stability of the reference clock). Therefore compact, low-cost and energy efficient fiber-based sources are highly demanded on the market [2]. Accurate thermal stabilization of the fiber laser cavity is the first step to obtain stable repetition frequency, which is critical for optical frequency comb spectroscopy schemes [3]. Moreover, cavity-enhanced spectroscopic techniques like Vernier spectroscopy requires additional detuning of the comb repetition rate from the cavity mode-spacing [4]. We report an experimental investigation of the performance of a Er-doped, low power, thermally stabilized, mode locked laser, utilizing graphene as a saturable absorber. The oscillator, depicted in Figure 1(a), consists of: a hybrid component comprising an output coupler, wavelength division multiplexer and isolator (TIWDM), saturable absorber, and a piezo-electric transducer (PZT). The laser based only on polarization maintaining (PM) fibers, without any free space components. The entire resonator and all components are placed on a custom-made heating plate with uniformly spread heating traces, which equally cover the entire board surface, ensuring perfectly homogenous heat distribution. For efficient thermal stabilization, the fibers are attached to the plate by acrylic adhesive thermopads. The resonator is placed in a 3D-printed enclosure. A custom-made thermal controller is responsible for thermalization of all oscillator components with long term stability better than 0.05°C. Additional tuning of the repetition rate in the range of 0 – 2.79 kHz is performed by means of a piezo stretcher driven with voltages from 0 to 150 V. The stretcher is based on a miniature, monolithic, multilayer piezo stack (5x5x50 mm), which stretches the Er-doped fiber by approximately 36 μm. The fundamental repetition rate (fc), resulting from the cavity length is equal to 124.6539196 MHz at 30°C (without any voltage applied to the PZT). The signal to noise ratio (SNR) in the radio frequency (RF) spectrum measured with 2.7 Hz resolution bandwidth (RBW) is at the level of 70 dB. The repetition rate of the laser can be detuned by 17 kHz via heating the resonator from 30 to 50°C. We believe that such compact, simple frequency combs with low power consumption are suitable for field applications. The presented work was funded by the Foundation for Polish Science (First TEAM/2017-4/39) co-financed by the European Union under the European Regional Development Fund. A.G. acknowledges the support of the Faculty of Electronics (grant “M?oda Kadra”).
关键词： optical frequency combs,fiber stretcher,thermal stabilization,graphene saturable absorber,mode locked laser
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Stochastic Soliton Quantization in Mode-Locked Fibre Laser
摘要： Soliton quantization is a natural, intrinsic and random consequence property of localized pulses in nonlinear systems. It is formed in the fiber laser in the form of dissipative solitons due to the gain competition between the solitons in the laser cavity. The observation of quantized separations between the solitons was predicted either due to the interaction between far separated solitons or due to the interaction between weakly overlapping pulses [1, 2]. It was first found experimentally in a nonlinear amplified loop mirror mode-locked fiber laser [3] and then in a nonlinear polarization rotation mode locking fiber laser [4, 5] with a requirement of high pump power of >400 mW. Here, we report for the first time the experimental demonstration of the stochastic temporal soliton quantization state regimes at a low range of the pump powers (~41 mW) using a carbon nanotube’s saturable absorber mode-locked fiber laser [6]. We found that the regimes and the total number of pulses in the cavity are highly sensitive to the pump power and the state of the polarization which could lead to several distinct regimes of pulse formation. However, for certain pumping powers which were 41 mW and specific orientation of the laser cavity polarization controller (PC), we observed pulse trains of several tenths of pulses as shown in the real-time spatiotemporal measurements in Fig. 1a. The pulse train consists of a stochastic quantized distribution with separation between pulses starting from about 3 ns to tenths of ps with a nonlinearly quantized separation, behaving between the localized soliton pulses as shown in Fg. 1b. The pulses are localized with a much broader temporal separation far from the main soliton pulse and condensed to a very narrow seperations nearer to it. By slightly increasing the pump power to ~88 mW and varying the PC, we obtained the second order of the stochastic soliton which also have a quantized temporal distribution without any undesirable distribution of types or interactions between neighboring solitons along 5000 roundtrip pulse train. The quantized soliton, actually, has formed intrinsically in the form of dissipative solitons due to large binding soliton states.
关键词： Soliton quantization,stochastic soliton,carbon nanotube saturable absorber,mode-locked fibre laser
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Graphdiyne for Ultrashort Pulse Generation in an Erbium-Doped Hybrid Mode-Locked Fiber Laser
摘要： An erbium-doped hybrid passively mode-locked ?ber laser based on few-layer graphdiyne (GDY) saturable absorber (SA) has been investigated for the ?rst time. Hybrid mode-locked ?ber laser is composed of non-linear polarization rotation (NPR) technology and GDY-SA. The central wavelength, pulse width and repetition rate of the output pulse are 1530.7 nm, 690.2 fs and 14.7 MHz, respectively. Compared with the passively mode-locked pulse laser with GDY-SA or NPR technology alone, the output pulse width of hybrid passively mode-locked ?ber laser is reduced more than 50 fs. It is demonstrated that the performance of GDY can be potentially applied in ultrafast laser.
关键词： saturable absorber,?ber laser,ultrafast photonics,mode-locked,graphdiyne
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04