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AlN-based hybrid thin films with self-assembled plasmonic Au and Ag nanoinclusions
摘要： Aluminum nitride (AlN)-based two-phase nanocomposite thin films with plasmonic Au and Ag nanoinclusions have been demonstrated using a one-step thin film growth method. Such AlN-based nanocomposites, while maintaining their wide bandgap semiconductor behavior, present tunable optical properties such as bandgap, plasmonic resonance, and complex dielectric function. Depending on the growth atmosphere, the metallic nanoinclusions self-organized into different geometries, such as nano-dendrites, nano-disks, and nanoparticles, providing enhanced optical anisotropy in-plane and out-of-plane. The infrared transmission measurements demonstrate the signature peaks of AlN as well as a broad transmission window attributed to the plasmonic nanoinclusions. This unique AlN-metal hybrid thin film platform provides a route to modulate the optical response of wide bandgap III-V nitride semiconductors towards infrared sensing or all optical based integrated circuits.
关键词： plasmonic Au and Ag nanoinclusions,infrared sensing,integrated circuits,AlN-based hybrid thin films,optical properties
更新于2025-10-22 19:40:53
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Low-loss and broadband non-volatile phase-change directional coupler switches
摘要： An optical equivalent of the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is of great interest to large-scale photonic integrated circuits. Previous programmable photonic devices relying on the weak, volatile thermo-optic or electro-optic effect usually suffer from a large footprint and high energy consumption. Phase change materials (PCMs) offer a promising solution due to the large non-volatile change in the refractive index upon phase transition. However, the large optical loss in PCMs poses a serious problem. Here, by exploiting an asymmetric directional coupler design, we demonstrate non-volatile PCM-clad silicon photonic 1 × 2 and 2 × 2 switches with a low insertion loss of ~1 dB and a compact coupling length of ~30 μm while maintaining a small crosstalk less than ?10 dB over a bandwidth of 30 nm. The reported optical switches will function as the building blocks of the meshes in the optical FPGAs for applications such as optical interconnects, neuromorphic computing, quantum computing, and microwave photonics.
关键词： Silicon photonics,Non-volatile,Optical switches,Phase-change materials,Reconfigurable photonics,Integrated photonic devices
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Preparation of Bi<sub>2</sub>Gd<sub>1</sub>Fe<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> magnetic garnet films showing Faraday rotation of 36.3 deg./μm on glass substrates by metal organic decomposition method
摘要： We fabricated the Bi2Gd1Fe5O12 thin films on glass substrates with the Gd3Fe5O12 buffer layer by the metal organic decomposition (MOD) method. We found an optimum thickness of the Gd3Fe5O12 buffer layer and annealing temperature for crystallization giving the maximum Faraday rotation. The optimum sample showed Faraday rotation of as high as 36.3 deg./μm at the wavelength λ = 500 nm, which is 23 times larger than the sample without the Gd3Fe5O12 buffer layer, and as high as 90.1% of the single crystalline Bi2Gd1Fe5O12 thin films on an (111) SGGG single crystal substrate. These results are promising for applications in optical waveguide isolators and magneto-optic spatial light modulators.
关键词： metal organic decomposition,crystallization process,Faraday rotation,photonic integrated circuits,magnetic garnet
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Wide-bandwidth thru-reflect-line calibration for empty substrate-integrated coaxial line with grounded coplanar transitions
摘要： Empty coaxial structures built with printed circuit boards have low radiation, low losses, high quality factor and non-dispersive features. The full integration of empty substrate-integrated coaxial line (ESICL) in a planar substrate is nowadays a fact thanks to a grounded coplanar transition. To properly characterize and measure this new ESICL family of devices, a low cost and easy to manufacture thru-reflect-line calibration kit is proposed to de-embed not only the connectors and feeding lines, but also the ESICL transitions.
关键词： calibration,grounded coplanar,thru-reflect-line,empty substrate-integrated coaxial line
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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The Hollow Core Light cage: Trapping Light Behind Bars
摘要： Optical waveguides represent the key element of integrated planar photonic circuitry having revolutionized many fields of photonics ranging from telecommunications, medicine, environmental science and light generation. However, the use of solid cores imposes limitations on applications demanding strong light-matter interaction within low permittivity media such as gases or liquids, which has triggered substantial interest towards hollow core waveguides. Here, we introduce the concept of an on-chip hollow core light cage that consists of free standing arrays of cylindrical dielectric strands around a central hollow core implemented using 3D nanoprinting. The cage operates by an anti-resonant guidance effect and exhibits extraordinary properties such as (1) diffractionless propagation in “quasi-air” over more than a centimetre distance within the ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared spectral domains, (2) unique side-wise direct access to the hollow core via open spaces between the strands speeding up gas diffusion times by at least a factor of 104, and (3) an extraordinary high fraction of modal fields in the hollow section (> 99.9%). With these properties, the light cage can overcome the limitations of current planar hollow core waveguide technology, allowing unprecedented future on-chip applications within quantum technology, ultrafast spectroscopy, bioanalytics, acousto-optics, optofluidics and nonlinear optics.
关键词： integrated photonics,anti-resonance guidance,leaky modes,Hollow core waveguide,3D nanoprinting,spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Passive cooling of building-integrated photovolatics in desert conditions: Experiment and modeling
摘要： The ef?ciency of photovoltaic modules depends mainly on the cell operating temperatures. Performance enhancement of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panels by passive cooling has been investigated both experimentally and with computational modeling. It has been shown that mounting the BIPV with a narrow channel can reduce the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panel. This enhancement in the heat transfer from the PV panel results in decreasing the average temperature of the PV panel from 5 to 10 (cid:1)C. Results show that having a 30 cm channel beneath the panel can increase the electrical output by 3e4%. This increase in PV output can translate into a signi?cant amount over the life cycle of a given PV module. Various channel aspect ratios have been tested in order to correlate the enhancement in performance to the cooling channel geometry. There is signi?cant consistency between the experimentally measured PV panel surface temperatures and those obtained from the computational model.
关键词： Building-integrated,Thermal performance,Passive cooling,Photovoltaic array
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Performances of Microwave Photonic Notch Filter Based on Microring Resonator with Dual-drive Modulator
摘要： A tunable microwave photonic notch ?lter with ultrahigh radio frequency (RF) rejection ratio is achieved by using a dual-drive Mach–Zender modulator and a microring resonator. In addition, we dedicated to clarify the mechanisms of the microwave photonic notch ?lters based on a microring resonator under both overcoupled and undercoupled states and the performance differences between these two situations are investigated in detail. Furthermore, the experimental results show that the cancellation microwave photonic notch ?lter with ultrahigh RF rejection ratio can be achieved with both undercoupled and overcoupled microring resonators. Besides, an RF rejection ratio exceeding 50 dB was achieved for a microring resonator with an optical extinction ratio of only 4 dB, where a 46-dB enhancement from optical to RF response is obtained. Also, the bandwidth of the microwave photonic ?lter can tuned from 0.65 to 2.2 GHz by adjusting the coupling ratio of the ring resonator. Meanwhile, by tuning the wavelength of the optical carrier, the ?ltering frequency can be tuned and a tuning range of about 25 GHz was achieved. The implementation is much simpler and more economical compared with previous reports and has great potential in monolithic integration of microwave photonic ?lters on chip.
关键词： Optical ?lter,Microwave photonics,Microring resonator,Integrated optics devices
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Simulation and Analysis of Single-Mode Microring Resonators in Lithium Niobate Thin Films
摘要： The single-mode microring resonators on lithium niobate thin films were designed and simulated using 2.5-D variational finite difference time domain mode simulations from Lumerical mode Solutions. The single-mode conditions and the propagation losses of lithium niobate planar waveguide with different SiO2 cladding layer thicknesses were studied and compared systematically. The optimization of design parameters such as radii of microrings and gap sizes between channel and ring waveguides were determined. The key issues affecting the resonator design such as free spectral range and Quality Factor were discussed. The microring resonators had radius R = 20 μm, and their transmission spectrum had been tuned using the electro-optical effect.
关键词： electro-optical,integrated photonic,varfdtd,LNOI,microring resonator
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Toward <i>Special-Relativity-on-a-Chip</i> : analogue of Einstein velocity addition using optical add-drop filter (OADF)
摘要： We present an optical analogue of a central concept (not a specific relativistic effect) in Special Relativity (SR) that underlies many relativistic effects. This concept is the Einstein Velocity Addition (EVA) which plays a fundamental role in the development of SR. The photonic circuit analogue is between the EVA, and the complex electric field, through the output signal of the optical add-drop filter (OADF). The OADF is one of the key building blocks for wavelength filtering in photonic integrated circuits (PICs or photonic chip). This analogue strengthens the vision toward a Special-Relativity-on-a-Chip. The analogy is established by equating the two relativistic normalized velocities in EVA with the two transmission coupling coefficients of the two directional couplers in the OADF. Furthermore, the generating angle in the EVA is associated with the single-pass phase shift of the OADF. We analyze its magnitude and directional angle in detail. Lastly, other important consequences are also briefly discussed.
关键词： Special Relativity,Einstein velocity addition,Photonic integrated circuits,microring resonator (MRR),optical add-drop filter (OADF)
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Design of a C-band polarization rotator-splitter based on a mode-evolution structure and an asymmetric directional coupler
摘要： A C-band polarization rotator-splitter based on a mode-evolution structure and an asymmetric directional coupler is proposed. The mode-evolution structure is designed in a bi-level taper through which the TM0 mode can evolve into the TE1 mode. Then the TE1 mode is coupled to the TE0 mode at the cross port using the asymmetric directional coupler. The input TE0 mode propagates along the waveguide without mode conversion and output at the through port. From the experimental results, the extinction ratio is lower than 30 dB and the excess loss is less than 1 dB for input TE0 mode at the whole C-band. For input TM0 mode, the ER and the EL are, respectively, lower than ?10 and 1.5 dB.
关键词： silicon photonics,integrated optic devices,polarization rotator splitters
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52