- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Evidence and Influence of Copper Vacancies in p-Type CuGaO <sub/>2</sub> Mesoporous Films
摘要： Delafossite CuGaO2 nanocrystals were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized spectroscopically and electrochemically as mesoporous thin films. The nanocrystals demonstrate a preferred orientation within the film structure, as shown by enhancement of the (00l) peaks via two-dimensional powder X-ray diffraction. Annealing conditions of low and high temperature (i.e., 100?300 °C), with oxygen and/or argon atmospheres, were investigated, and the resulting effect on the thin film electrochemistry was measured. Cyclic voltammetry showed an increase in non-faradaic current with higher annealing temperatures and demonstrated a quasi-reversible redox feature (E1/2 = 0.1 V vs Fc+1/0). This feature is assigned to a CuII/CuI redox couple associated with surface defects. X-ray photoelectron and energy dispersive spectroscopies provide evidence for CuII surface defects and copper vacancies. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that CuGaO2 films were highly conductive with σ ～ 10?5 Ω?1 cm?1, consistent with a large density of hole carriers induced by copper vacancies. The significance of synthesis, film preparation, and annealing conditions on the presence of surface defects and large hole densities is discussed. The prevalence of such defects in delafossite CuGaO2 is expected to have a large impact on the use of this material as a hole transport layer in solar cell architectures.
关键词： p-type metal oxide,delafossite,hole transport,heterojunction solar cell,CuGaO2
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
Numerical evaluation of the optical-splitter system efficiency using a TCO as optical splitter
摘要： In the present work, we simulate the J-V characteristic of a solar cell combination to evaluate the efficiency in an optical splitter system. Two different transparent conductive oxides (TCO) were used as splitters (ITO and SnO2:F). The spectral response of the TCOs was modeled according to Drude's theory, using different concentration values. Then, the J-V characteristics of the cells were simulated by SCAPS 1-D, using the spectra obtained for each TCO by superimposing the spectral response on the solar spectrum. The results indicate that solar cells can achieve efficiencies in the system above 17 % using ITO as splitter with a positive gain for both solar cells.
关键词： splitter system,solar cell simulation,TCO,SCAPS
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics (ICELTICs) - Banda Aceh (2018.9.19-2018.9.20)] 2018 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics (ICELTICs)(44501) - Performance Comparison Between PID and Fuzzy Algorithm for Sun Tracker Based on Tetrahedron Geometry Sensor
摘要： The amount of solar energy could be acquired optimally by proper tracking of sun movement in a sun tracker. A sun tracker is a device which tracks the sun as it moves on its path through the sky during the day, exposing the solar cells to an increased amount of sunlight and hence producing more electricity. In this paper, we compare the performance and optimization of two types of sun tracker based on tetrahedron geometry using PID and Fuzzy logic algorithm. These two sun trackers are built identically and experimental data acquisition of servo movement and load of solar cell performed side by side. PID and fuzzy logic algorithm are used to control the servo movement of the dual-axis sun tracker. We record the load received by solar cell which attached to both sun tracker and compare the result. The study shows that fuzzy logic algorithm controller performs better than PID controller which can be seen from the amount of load received by solar cell.
关键词： sun tracker,solar cell,PID,fuzzy algorithm,data logging
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
Band Alignment of the CdS/Cu <sub/>2</sub> Zn(Sn <sub/>1-x</sub> Ge <sub/>x</sub> )Se <sub/>4</sub> Heterointerface and Electronic Properties at the Cu <sub/>2</sub> Zn(Sn <sub/>1-x</sub> Ge <sub/>x</sub> )Se <sub/>4</sub> surface: x = 0, 0.2, 0.4
摘要： The surface electronic properties of the light absorber and band alignment at the p/n heterointerface are key issues for high performance heterojunction solar cells. We investigated the band alignment of the heterointerface between cadmium sulfide (CdS) and Ge incorporated Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTGSe), with Ge/(Ge+Sn) ratios (x) between 0 and 0.4, by X-ray photoelectron, ultra-violet, and inversed photoemission spectroscopies (XPS, UPS, and IPES, respectively). In particular, we used interface-induced band bending in order to determine the conduction-band offset (CBO) and valence-band offset (VBO), which were calculated from the core-level shifts of each element in both the CdS overlayer and the CZTGSe bottom layer. Moreover, the surface electronic properties of CZTGSe were also investigated by laser-irradiated XPS. The CBO at the CdS/CZTGSe heterointerface decreased linearly, from +0.36 to +0.20 eV, as x was increased from 0 to 0.4; in contrast, the VBO at the CdS/CZTGSe heterointerface was independent of Ge content. Both UPS and IPES revealed that the Fermi level at the CZTGSe surface is located near the center of the bandgap. The hole concentration at the CZTGSe surface was of the order of 1011 cm-3, which is much smaller than that of the bulk (~1016 cm-3). We discuss the differences in hole deficiencies near the surface and in the bulk on the basis of laser-irradiated XPS, and conclude that hole deficiencies are due to defects distributed near the surface with densities that are lower than in the bulk, and the Fermi level is not pinned at the CZTGSe surface.
关键词： Solar cell,Kesterite,IPES,XPS,Band alignment,CZTGS,UPS
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
Effect of RF power on the structural and optical properties of ZnS thin films prepared by RF-sputtering
摘要： Zinc sulphide (ZnS) thin films have grown on glass and Si substrates by reactive cathodic radio frequency (RF) sputtering. The RF power was varied in the range of 100 to 250 W, while the deposition time is set at 75 min. The optical, structural, and morphological properties of these thin films have been studied. The optical properties (mainly thickness, refractive index, absorption coefficient, and optical band gap) were investigated by optical transmittance measurements in the wavelength range of ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy and spectroscopy infrared with Fourier transform. Fourier (FT-IR) and XRD analysis indicated that all sputtering ZnS films had a single-phase with a preferred orientation along the (111) plane of the zinc sphalerite phase (ZB). The crystallite size ranged from 11.5 to 48.5 nm with RF power getting a maximum of 200 W. UV–visible measurements exhibited that the ZnS film had more than 80% transmission in the visible wavelength region. In addition, it has been observed that the band gap energy of ZnS films is decreased slightly from 3.52 to 3.29 eV, and as the RF power is increased, the film thickness increases with the speed of deposit growth. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed the types of smooth-surfaced films. The measurements (FT-IR) revealed at wave number 1118 and 465.02 cm?1 absorption bands corresponding to the symmetrical and asymmetric vibration of the Zn–S stretching mode. X-ray reflectometry measurements of ZnS films have shown that the density of the films is (3.9 g/cm3) close to that of solid ZnS.
关键词： RF-sputtering ZnS,ZnS buffer layer for solar cell,ZnS thin films by sputtered
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
-
Hot Carrier and Surface Recombination Dynamics in Layered InSe Crystals
摘要： Layered indium selenide (InSe) is a van der Waals solid that has emerged as a promising material for high-performance ultrathin solar cells. The optoelectronic parameters that are critical to photoconversion efficiencies, such as hot carrier lifetime and surface recombination velocity, are however largely unexplored in InSe. Here, these key photophysical properties of layered InSe are measured with femtosecond transient reflection spectroscopy. The hot carrier cooling process is found to occur through phonon scattering. The surface recombination velocity and ambipolar diffusion coefficient are extracted from fits to the pump energy-dependent transient reflection kinetics using a free carrier diffusion model. The extracted surface recombination velocity is approximately an order of magnitude larger than that for methylammonium lead-iodide perovskites, suggesting that surface recombination is a principal source of photocarrier loss in InSe. The extracted ambipolar diffusion coefficient is consistent with previously reported values of InSe carrier mobility.
关键词： transient reflection spectroscopy,hot carrier dynamics,Layered indium selenide,solar cell,van der Waals solid,surface recombination velocity,ambipolar diffusion coefficient
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (ICECOS) - PANGKAL PINANG, Indonesia (2018.10.2-2018.10.4)] 2018 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (ICECOS) - Design of a Solar Micro Power Plant for Home Lighting
摘要： Indonesia is a country located on the equator so that Indonesia is often referred to as one of the tropical countries in the world. Countries with tropical climate usually have two kinds of seasons, dry season and rainy season. Being on the equatorial line, Indonesia has a constant supply of sunshine throughout the year. Given the high intensity of sunlight, Indonesians should be able to utilize sunlight by developing and constructing Solar Power Plants, PLTS. This solar power plant is very beneficial for remote hinterlands and isolated islands where it is not covered by electricity from PLN. This power plant is made by using solar thermal receiver panel, Solar Cell. This paper discusses the method of design and manufacture of solar power plants for a home. It includes literature study, observation, design, and implementation. The result of making this PLTS gives a basic solution in designing solar micro plant for home lighting, and conducting better improvements in the future. It is expected to be a solution for rural communities left behind or can be a solution for urban communities who often experience power cuts with energy efficiency and affordable prices.
关键词： PLN,equatorial line,solar cell,PLTS,micro power plant
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
AIP Conference Proceedings [Author(s) PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES 2017 (ISCPMS2017) - Bali, Indonesia (26–27 July 2017)] - Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) as counter electrode in the newly developed catalysis zone of modified cadmium sulfide (CdS) sensitized solar cell for hydrogen production
摘要： Recently we developed a modified quantum dot dyes sensitized solar cell (QD-DSSC) having catalysis zone extension for hydrogen production. The DSSC section comprised of CdS sensitized highly order Titanium dioxidenanotube (CdS-HOTN) immobilized on Ti plate, Na2S/S containing electrolyte, and Pt covered SnO-F (fluorine doped tin oxide) glass plate (hence Pt/SnO-F/Glass). While the catalysis zone comprised of an extension of Ti support, as cathode, and the respected counter electrode was an extension of SnO-F glass, which was covered by BiVO4 film, both from respected DSSC section. In this presentation, we will focus on the role of the BiVO4 in our newly developed system. The bismuth vanadate was prepared by co-precipitation method with ammonia and calcination to obtain a fine powder. The BiVO4 fine powder were then deposited onto SnO-F glass plate and characterized by FT-IR, UV–vis diffused reflectance spectroscopy, SEM and X-ray diffraction. The characterization results revealed that the BiVO4 film, typically, has a band gap of 2.35 eV, characteristic of IR peaks represent the –V-O-, and –Bi-O-V- bonds, having a crystal phase as BiVO4 monoclinic scheelite with a typically crystallite size of 74.06 nm. The photo-electro-chemical properties of the BiVO4 film photo-anode was investigated by a linear sweep voltammetry and multi pulse amperometry, which revealed that the current response under the visible light was 0.03 mA/cm2. Further investigation when the BiVO4 film was incorporated into the modified QD-DSSC, the system (catalysis zone section), under solely visible light, was able to split the water into hydrogen and molecular oxygen. A brief discussion of the newly developed modified QD-DSSC, especially on the role of BiVO4 counter electrode in the catalysis zone will be presented, to gain a better insight in our new type artificial photosynthesis.
关键词： water splitting,titanium dioxide nanotubes,cadmium sulfide,artificial photosynthesis,modified dyes sensitized solar cell,Bismuth vanadate
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
Comprehensive Understanding and Controlling the Defect Structures: An Effective Approach for Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite-Based Solar-Cell Application
摘要： Understanding the defect structure in organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite material (OHP) is a crucial role to explain several physical properties such as material stability, energy band, carrier mobility, and so on. In the solar-cell applications using OHP, finding, understanding, and controlling defects is essential to making a more advanced device with high efficiency and stability. Naturally, we need to find, understand, and control the possible defects in OHP. However, the defect research field in OHP material is just beginning now. In this short review, we will explore the kinds of defects and their effects on OHP.
关键词： molecular defect,organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite,Schottky/Frankel defect,vacancy,delocalized defect,thin film,defect,solar-cell
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
Exploiting lateral current flow due to doped layers in semiconductor devices having crossbar electrodes
摘要： Organic electronic devices such as light-emitting diodes, solar cells or rectifying diodes normally have a sandwich layer architecture stacked between the electrodes in a crossbar layout. Often however, the side effects of operating the devices in such an arrangement are either ignored or give rise to misinterpretations regarding the device performance or layer quality. For the sake of simplicity, device currents are typically assumed to exclusively flow in the direction vertical to the substrate, even though the conductivity of doped organic layers is high and gives rise to significant lateral current flows. Here, we study the vertical and lateral charge up along the n-doped and the p-doped layers as well as the resulting capacitance increase of charging the intrinsic layer outside the active area. We observe that controlling such lateral charging by structuring the doped layers can reduce the leakage current dramatically. We employ impedance spectroscopy to investigate the lateral charging responsibility for the capacitance increase at low frequencies. Modeling of the devices by a distributed RC circuit model yields information about the thickness, the conductivity, and the corresponding activation energy of both, the n-doped and the p-doped layers, simultaneously. We demonstrate that the capacitive effects from lateral charging can easily be misinterpreted as trap states in capacitance frequency characteristics. However, correct analysis with the proposed model actually yields rich and detailed post-fabrication information which can be utilized in device failure and degradation tests. Moreover, our results will aid the design and characterization of new electronic devices where lateral charge flow is part of the device concept.
关键词： Parasitic current,Leakage current,Impedance spectroscopy,Crossbar electrodes,Lateral current flow,Organic light-emitting diode,Capacitance,Organic solar cell,Structuring
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21