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Determining the sequence and backbone structure of a??semi-statisticala?? copolymers as donora??acceptor polymers in organic solar cells
摘要： Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are attracting significant attention due to the growing demand for economically viable and renewable energy sources. With efficiencies exceeding 16.5%, single junction bulk heterojunction (BHJ) devices are amongst the most promising and are nearing commercialisation. One recent avenue of research has focused on statistical conjugated copolymers. However, a detailed investigation as to why these materials can achieve higher power conversion efficiencies than their regular alternating counterparts is seldom reported. This work describes an investigation into donor–acceptor polymers demonstrating how differing monomer activities can lead to differing microstructures in a simple batch reaction, which in turn demonstrates promising optoelectronic and morphological properties required for organic photovoltaic devices. A one pot condensation polymerisation reaction with three monomers leads to an ABA triblock structure from differing monomer reactivities. This structure in turn leads to visualised phase separation which is possibly linked to an increase in performance. Further to this we report on the reliability of the Stille coupling for the synthesis of conjugated polymers.
关键词： Organic photovoltaics,Donor–acceptor polymers,Bulk heterojunction devices,Statistical conjugated copolymers,Stille coupling
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Synthesis and characterization of heterocyclic conjugated polymers containing planar Benzo[c]cinnoline and tetraazapyrene structures for organic field-effect transistor application
摘要： Heterocyclic conjugated polymers BZCTVT and TAPTVT containing tetraazapyrene (TAP) and benzo[c]cinnoline (BZC), respectively, were prepared by using Stille coupling polymerization in microwave reactor. TAP and BZC act as acceptors and thiophene-vinylene-thiophene (TVT) acts as donors. Alkylated thiophene is the linker between acceptor and donor. This is the first time that tetraazapyrene was incorporated into conjugated polymers. The films of BZCTVT and TAPTVT showed maximum absorption wavelength at 522 and 534 nm, respectively. From cyclic voltammertry measurement, TAPTVT and BZCTVT exhibited low LUMO (-3.61 and -3.47 eV) and HOMO (-5.64 and -5.63 eV) energy levels. Even though BZC and TAP were planar structures, BZCTVT and TAPTVT showed large dihedral angles between alkylated thiophene and TVT (10.8-22.6o), and between alkylated thiophene and BZC and TAP (22.2-30.3o) based on their simulated energy-minimized geometry. The bottom-gate, top-contact OFETs based on TAPTVT and BZCTVT exhibited only p-channel behavior with hole mobility of 4.63 × 10-4 and 1.04 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 and current on/off ratios greater than 104 after thermal annealing. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) patterns suggested that thin films of TAPTVT and BZCTVT preferred edge-on orientation.
关键词： heterocyclic conjugated polymers,organic field-effect transistor,tetraazapyrene,Stille coupling polymerization,benzo[c]cinnoline
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14