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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Novel optical approach for concentrating light in micro-CPV
摘要： This paper focuses on electroencephalogram (EEG) manifestations of mental states and actions, emulation of control and communication structures using EEG manifestations, and their application in brain-robot interactions. The paper introduces a mentally emulated demultiplexer, a device which uses mental actions to demultiplex a single EEG channel into multiple digital commands. The presented device is applicable in controlling several objects through a single EEG channel. The experimental proof of the concept is given by an obstacle-containing trajectory which should be negotiated by a robotic arm with two degrees of freedom, controlled by mental states of a human brain using a single EEG channel. The work is presented in the framework of Human-Robot interaction (HRI), speci?cally in the framework of brain–robot interaction (BRI). This work is a continuation of a previous work on developing mentally emulated digital devices, such as a mental action switch, and a mental states ?ip-?op.
关键词： Brain–robot interaction (BRI),mental action EEG switch,mentally emulated EEG demultiplexer,electroencephalogram (EEG) manifestations of mental states and actions,mental state CNV ?ip-?op
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Establishment of a universal and sensitive plasmonic biosensor platform based on the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) amplification induced by a triple-helix molecular switch
摘要： Herein, we established a universal and sensitive plasmonic sensing strategy for biomolecule assays by coupling the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) strategy and a triple-helix molecular switch. Upon the recognition of the target, a single-stranded DNA as a universal trigger (UT) was released from the triple-helix molecular switch (THMS). Thus, the HCR process can be triggered between two hairpins M1 and M2, resulting in the aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) via the hybridization between the tail sequence on M1 (or M2) and a DNA–AuNP probe with a dramatic change in the absorbance at 521 nm. More specifically, the strategy, which was conducted by the introduction of target-specific recognition of THMS and universalized by virtue of altering the aptamer or DNA sequence without changing the triple-helix structure, enables simple design for multiple target detection. By taking advantage of THMS, this strategy could enable stable and sensitive detection of a variety of targets including nucleic acids, small molecules and proteins, which may possess great potential for practical applications.
关键词： gold nanoparticles,biomolecule detection,plasmonic biosensor,triple-helix molecular switch,hybridization chain reaction
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Contact Resistivity and Sheet Resistance Measurements of Cells Extracted from Field-aged Modules
摘要： Despite rapid advances in the study of brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) in recent decades, two fundamental challenges, namely, improvement of target detection performance and multidimensional control, continue to be major barriers for further development and applications. In this paper, we review the recent progress in multimodal BCIs (also called hybrid BCIs), which may provide potential solutions for addressing these challenges. In particular, improved target detection can be achieved by developing multimodal BCIs that utilize multiple brain patterns, multimodal signals, or multisensory stimuli. Furthermore, multidimensional object control can be accomplished by generating multiple control signals from different brain patterns or signal modalities. Here, we highlight several representative multimodal BCI systems by analyzing their paradigm designs, detection/control methods, and experimental results. To demonstrate their practicality, we report several initial clinical applications of these multimodal BCI systems, including awareness evaluation/detection in patients with disorder of consciousness (DOC). As an evolving research area, the study of multimodal BCIs is increasingly requiring more synergetic efforts from multiple disciplines for the exploration of the underlying brain mechanisms, the design of new effective paradigms and means of neurofeedback, and the expansion of the clinical applications of these systems.
关键词： brain switch,multimodal brain–computer interface (BCI),awareness evaluation,Audiovisual BCI,cursor control
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Doubly Q-switched Tm:YAP laser with g-C3N4 saturable absorber and AOM
摘要： Two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was fabricated as saturable absorber (SA) and the nonlinear optical absorption properties were measured. A laser-diode (LD) pumped doubly Q-switched Tm-doped yttrium-aluminium perovskite YAlO3 (Tm:YAP) laser at 2 μm with g-C3N4 and acousto-optic modulator (AOM) is presented for the ?rst time to the best of our knowledge. Under an absorbed pump power of 5.34 W, the minimum pulse width of 239 ns and the maximum peak power of 1146 W were obtained by the doubly Q-switched laser. In comparison with the singly Q-switched laser using g-C3N4 SA or AOM, the dual-loss-modulated Q-switched laser could generate shorter pulse width and higher peak power. The maximum pulse width compression ratio was 4.48 and the highest peak power enhancement factor was 241. The experimental results indicated that 2D g-C3N4 SA is potential in Q-switched laser at 2 μm and the doubly Q-switched technology is a useful way to compress the pulse width and improve the peak power.
关键词： Pulse width,Doubly Q-switch,g-C3N4,Peak power,2 μm waveband
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Experimental Violation of Bell's Inequality for Temporal Orders
摘要： Entanglement is a prediction of quantum mechanics that suggests that our physical laws cannot be described by a local causal model. This has led to much debate, including Einstein’s famous suggestion that quantum mechanics is an incomplete theory, and we may one day discover a deeper theory that can be described by a locally causal model. However, loophole free violations of Bell inequalities demonstrate that this is not the case. Bell’s theorem is independent of quantum mechanics, and it shows that any theory attempting to supplant quantum mechanics must be somehow nonlocal. Since then, there have been many experimental violations of Bell inequalities using different physical systems, culminating in three loophole-free experiments [1-3]. Very recent theoretical [4, 5] and experimental techniques [6, 7] have enabled the study of a new phenomenon predicted by quantum mechanics. Namely, the existence of processes without a fixed causal order. Previous experimental tests of this effect, required the assumption that quantum mechanics can be used to correctly model the experimental results. However, just as the study of entanglement before Bell, these results could still be described by some other theory in which the causal order is definite. The question, then, naturally arises do such processes really exist, or are they an artefact of the quantum mechanics. Here we show that these effects are indeed real by constructing a Bell inequality for temporal orders [8]. The violation of this equality implies, independent of quantum mechanics, that the temporal order of the process under study must have been truly indefinite. We then show we can violate this inequality using a system consisting of two quantum SWITCHes [6,7] with entangled control qubits (see Fig. 1).
关键词： quantum mechanics,Bell’s inequality,quantum SWITCH,entanglement,temporal order
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 24th OptoElectronics and Communications Conference (OECC) and 2019 International Conference on Photonics in Switching and Computing (PSC) - Fukuoka, Japan (2019.7.7-2019.7.11)] 2019 24th OptoElectronics and Communications Conference (OECC) and 2019 International Conference on Photonics in Switching and Computing (PSC) - Magneto-Optical Microring Switch of Amorphous Silicon Waveguide on Garnet
摘要： We experimentally demonstrate a microring-type magneto-optical (MO) switch with a-Si:H waveguides on a garnet substrate. By controlling the direction of the external current induced magnetic field, an extinction ratio of 9 dB was achieved.
关键词： Magneto-optical material,Microring resonator,Optical switch,Silicon photonics
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Calibration of a 2×2 Optical Switch Based on the Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network
摘要： We propose a method to calibrate 2×2 dual-ring assisted Mach-Zehnder interferometer switches based on a back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN). The DR-MZI switch can be set to the cross or bar state at any operating wavelength in a free spectral range with the BP-ANN based algorithm. It is an effective method that can be adopted for calibration of DR-MZI switch elements in a large-scale switch fabric.
关键词： artificial neural network,device calibration,optical switch
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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On-chip integrated optical switch based on polymer waveguides
摘要： Optical polymer is one of the promising materials for photonic integrated devices that can be processed with simple, flexible and semiconductor compatible technology. Especially, optical polymer with the advantages of high thermo-optic (TO) and electro-optic (EO) coefficients has been widely applied in optical waveguide switches. However, most of the current optical switches are independent with single function. It is essential to develop an on-chip integrated device with multilayer for signal manipulation. In this paper, we propose an on-chip 3-dimensional integrated optical switch based on the EO polymer-clad waveguide incorporate with the TO tunable vertical coupler. The proposed integrated optical switch could realize the function-integration of the adjustable 3D optical connection and the high-speed modulation. A typical fabricated switch shows an insertion loss of 16.3 dB and an extinction ratio of 16.0 dB at the driving power of 48.2 mW. The dynamic characteristics of TO and EO switching functions of the device were also measured in this work.
关键词： Polymer waveguide,Thermo-optic effect,Electro-optic effect,Optical communication,Optical switch
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Time-Division based Scheduling Scheme for Hybrid Optical/Electrical Data Center Network
摘要： the Past few years have witnessed the great development of Optical Circuit Switches (OCSes), which support high and dynamic bandwidth at low per-bit overhead in the data center network. Although OCSes deliver variety of attractive properties, the challenge still remains due to the unneglectable reconfiguration delay of OCSes. Previous OCS-based proposals amortize long reconfiguration overhead by reconfiguring OCSes at intervals of a few 100s of milliseconds, which inevitably incurs a mass of packets waiting during reconfiguration intervals, hence the degradation of network performance happens. In this paper, we propose an OCS-based scheduling scheme named Time-Division Scheduling (TDS), which groups OCSes and reconfigures different groups in sequential time slots, instead of periodically reconfiguring all OCSes. TDS diminishes the impact of the long reconfiguration delay with mere directly software modifications. We evaluate the performance of TDS via OMNET++. The experimental results show that TDS delivers significant performance enhancements in latency and benefits slightly on the throughput.
关键词： Optical Circuit Switch,Data Center Networks,Scheduling Scheme
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Characteristics of 1×2 Silicon Wavelength Selective Switch Using Arrayed - Waveguide Gratings with Fold-Back Waveguides
摘要： We report characteristics of 200 GHz-spaced 20-channel 1 × 2 wavelength selective switch using single arrayed-waveguide grating with fold-back waveguides. The average insertion loss is 29.6 dB and the average extinction ratio is 10.9 dB.
关键词： silicon photonics,optical network,wavelength selective switch,telecommunication
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52