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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Electrotechnology: Processes, Models, Control and Computer Science (EPMCCS) - Kielce, Poland (2018.11.12-2018.11.14)] 2018 Conference on Electrotechnology: Processes, Models, Control and Computer Science (EPMCCS) - Investigation and Determination of Efficiency of the Waste Heat Recovery System Using Peltier Modules
摘要： High efficiency technology of waste heat energy utilization would change the face of the energy market. Due to the fact that the energy system and transport are based on fossil fuels, there is a huge potential for its efficient use. Despite the fact that the technology of Peltier semiconductor modules has been known for many years, there are no solutions that might be commonly disseminated. There is also a deficit of available sources that in a transparent, coherent and synthetic way could provide guidelines for the constructors of such devices, and show how much energy they can generate and what efficiency they have. Moreover, the Peltier modules available on the market are burdened with many stereotypes. When trying to use this technology, it should be remembered that in addition to the Peltier phenomenon, the module's operation is based on four other physical phenomena: two of them have a negative impact and they determine the practically obtained parameters of the Peltier module. These are: Joule effect and heat conduction phenomenon. The other two phenomena: Seebeck and Thomson ones, play slightly smaller roles. The aim of the authors was to investigate the self-made model of a thermoelectric generator TEG, constructed using Peltier modules. The paper presents the results of measurements and the method of determining the electrical efficiency of this model. Additionally, a temperature range was determined at that such recovery has a measurable utilitarian aspect and economic sense. The limitations of semiconductor technology of Peltier cells have been given, and design guidelines at construction process of such systems to optimize their efficiency are presented.
关键词： Seebeck effect,thermoelectric generator TEG,determination of efficiency,Peltier module
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD) - Austin, TX, USA (2018.9.24-2018.9.26)] 2018 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD) - The efficient DTCO Compact Modeling Solutions to Improve MHC and Reduce TAT
摘要： This paper introduces the recent modeling challenges of the Process Development Kit (PDK) development due to the limitations of transistor scaling and the impact of new process technologies. And a new modeling solution, Agile PDK is presented to break though these development challenges by enabling the Design Technology Co-Optimization (DTCO) activities in the manufacturing levels. A series of advanced algorithms are newly introduced to not only reduce the PDK development time (TAT), but also improve the model accuracies and Model-to-Hardware Correlation (MHC). It is applied to the latest DRAM technology and dramatically reduces development TAT up to 50% with improved model accuracies.
关键词： PDK,DTCO,Regression,SPICE Models,MHC,Full binning,TCAD TEG,API,Optimization
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Performance Evaluation of Unconcentrated Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric Generator Hybrid System under Tropical Climate
摘要： Indoor farming is among the approaches which can be adapted to improve agricultural sustainability and ensure the food security of countries. However, adopting indoor farming requires a high amount of energy to sustain the system. Incorporating a renewable energy system for supplying power to agricultural activities will allow the system to be more sustainable in the long run. An unconcentrated photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator (PV-TEG) hybrid system is designed based on the load requirement of an indoor farm. The hybrid system performance under Malaysia’s weather conditions was investigated and analyzed over three months. The designed system has shown its ability to provide sufficient power to the load, as well as supporting an additional load. Besides that, the TEGs power output was found to be dependent on the temperature as well as the types of connections used, where a higher temperature difference and series connection exhibited a better power output. Overall, the combination of the system showed that the addition of a TEG affects the efficiency and power output as compared to a standalone PV. Therefore, this implies that the hybrid system is able to exhibit a more positive outcome in certain weather conditions than a PV standalone system.
关键词： photovoltaic,sustainable agriculture,PV-TEG,indoor farming,thermoelectric generator
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Effect of Oxygen Partial Pressure on the Phase Stability of Copper–Iron Delafossites at Elevated Temperatures
摘要： Oxide-based materials are promising candidates for use in high temperature thermoelectric generators. While their thermoelectric performance is inferior to commonly used thermoelectrics, oxides are environmentally friendly and cost-effective. In this study, Cu-based delafossites (CuFeO2), a material class with promising thermoelectric properties at high temperatures, were investigated. This work focuses on the phase stability of CuFeO2 with respect to the temperature and the oxygen partial pressure. For this reason, classical material characterization methods, such as scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, were combined in order to elucidate the phase composition of delafossites at 900 ?C at various oxygen partial pressures. The experimentally obtained results are supported by the theoretical calculation of the Ellingham diagram of the copper–oxygen system. In addition, hot-stage X-ray diffraction and long-term annealing tests of CuFeO2 were performed in order to obtain a holistic review of the phase stability of delafossites at high temperatures and varying oxygen partial pressure. The results support the thermoelectric measurements in previous publications and provide a process window for the use of CuFeO2 in thermoelectric generators.
关键词： high temperature thermoelectric materials,delafossite,thermoelectric generator (TEG),phase stability,Ellingham diagram
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Annual Energy Harvesting of Passively Cooled Hybrid Thermoelectric Generator-Concentrator Photovoltaic Modules
摘要： Approximately 60% of the incident energy is dissipated as heat in conventional concentrator photovoltaic modules. The hybridization with thermoelectric generators (TEGs) aims to recover part of the waste heat and transform it to electricity. Recently, the feasibility of passively cooled designs has been assessed for small sized solar cells (3 mm × 3 mm). It is expected that novel prototypes will be developed according to this concept. However, the existing feasibility studies are based on reference operating conditions, while the behavior of the hybrid modules under changing atmospheric conditions remains unknown. In this article, real atmospheric data of Jaén, Southern Spain, including irradiance, temperature, and spectral data, are used to analyze the behavior of four designs of TEG-concentrator photovoltaic modules: low ZT-low temperature (A), low ZT-high temperature (B), high ZT-low temperature (C), and high ZT-high temperature (D). This behavior is compared with that of a typical concentrator photovoltaic-only module. Results show that, while the global ef?ciency at reference conditions can be enhanced up to 4.75%, the annual averaged global ef?ciency can only be increased up to 4.30%. The results of this article will help to understand the impact of the atmospheric conditions on the real behavior of these structures.
关键词： concentrator photovoltaics (CPV),efficiency improvement,Annual energy,thermoelectric generator (TEG),hybrid system,passive cooling
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Demonstrating the benefits of thermoelectric‐coupled solar PV system in microgrid challenging conventional integration issues of renewable resources
摘要： Incorporation of solar photovoltaic (SPV) and thermoelectric (TE), termed as solar photovoltaic‐thermoelectric (SPV‐TE) hybrid system, is found be a very promising technique in widening the utilization of solar spectrum and improving the power yield viably cum‐proficiently. This hybrid architecture caters thermal energy, which signifies upon electrical energy with additional harnessing of solar insolation in an exceptional way. The implementation of the aforementioned system in microgrid (MG) leads to procurement of higher active power and comparably lesser reactive power to the system. Many non-conventional energy sources have been implemented for power generation in MG in spite of their instability and reconciliation issues. This article portrays upon the main concern of implementing only SPV‐TE system in MG by considering two systems to analyze and compare. Those two systems, ie, SPV‐wind energy system (SPV‐WES)/fuel cell technology (FCT) and SPV‐thermoelectric generator (SPV‐TEG)‐WES/FCT, were analyzed and validated over the employment of only the SPV‐TEG system. For WES and FCT, the proposed system delivers higher active power near about 20% to 70% over the conventional MG and the TEG‐integrated MG; 21% to 52% lesser reactive power is absorbed over the conventional MG and 7% to 17% higher reactive power is absorbed over the TEG‐integrated MG. This, thus, brings about the lesser multifaceted nature in source incorporation and moderating the cons of coordinating WES and FCT, considering all its application. The proposed replaceable SPV‐TEG framework in MG is observed to exceed expectations over the two frameworks offering ascend to a noteworthy leap forward in advancement of SPV. The whole system was studied, analyzed, and validated in MATLAB/Simulink environment.
关键词： active power,progress in solar photovoltaics,reactive power,SPV‐TEG hybrid system,thermoelectric system,solar photovoltaics,renewable resources,microgrid
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Employment of solar photovoltaic‐thermoelectric generator‐based hybrid system for efficient operation of hybrid nonconventional distribution generator
摘要： Solar photovoltaic system (SPV) has gained tremendous popularity among researchers as well as in industrialists. Although SPV is a transparent way of electricity generation; still, it suffers from lower quantum efficiency. During the conversion process, solar insolation received by the SPV array turns the system intensely heated at the back side of the modules giving rise to high temperature. This heat is further utilized by the process of thermoelectric effect for electricity generation by thermoelectric generators (TEGs). The combined photoelectric‐thermoelectric effect generates a significant amount of power for the system. This paper portrays on implementation of the aforementioned SPV‐TEG system in hybrid nonconventional distribution generator (h‐NDG) in order to retrieve enough power from SPV array giving rise to higher active power delivery to the system and lower the reactive power absorbance by the system. The comparative analysis is done under two subsystems such as solar PV‐TEG‐wind energy system (WES) over solar PV‐WES and solar PV‐TEG‐fuel cell technology (FCT) over SPV‐FCT. Several constraints like active power, reactive power, and solar power are studied for every subsystem under healthy and faulty conditions. The entire system is modeled, studied, and validated in the MATLAB‐Simulink environment.
关键词： hybrid nonconventional distribution generator,SPV‐TEG‐FCT,active power,reactive power,SPV‐TEG‐WES,SPV‐TEG
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Large-scale uniform fabrication and morphology control of ultrafine perovskite nanocrystals
摘要： Nanomaterials are playing more and more important roles in modern industry, while the large-scale fabrication and dispersibility still need to be addressed. This report explores the uniform fabrication and morphology control of ultrafine BaTiO3 (BT) nanocrystals using a "TEG-sol" method. By varying the reactant concentration, the obtained product sols, Ba/Ti ratios, structure and morphology of the nanocrystals are investigated. The results reveal that under low concentrations (0.4 - 0.8 mol/L), transparent sols with uniform BT nanocrystals are obtained. Increasing the concentration to higher than 1.0 mol/L, BT precipitates with abnormal large crystals are obtained. Moreover, the Ba/Ti ratio variation further reveals that the surface organics are critical to the control of crystal size and morphology. This investigation is potential to be extended to the synthesis of various perovskite nanocrystals.
关键词： morphology control,Nanomaterials,BaTiO3,TEG-sol method,perovskite nanocrystals
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 Second International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA) - Coimbatore (2018.3.29-2018.3.31)] 2018 Second International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA) - Optimum Design of PolyMUMPs Based Thermoelectric Generator Chip
摘要： In this work, a design of poly Multi-User MEMS Processes, or PolyMUMPs based micro-thermoelectric generator (μTEG) with cost effective is presented. The presented 3-D numerical simulation model is verified with published experiment in previous work results by another author. The simulation results show that the output power at 1.3 K of temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of PolyMUMPs-μTEG device with the heat sink effect at optimal dimension is 16.56 μW.
关键词： PolyMUMPs,Multiphysics modeling,TEG,Seebeck effect
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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MEMS-Based Thermoelectric-Photoelectric Integrated Power Generator
摘要： This letter presents a novel MEMS-based thermoelectric–photoelectric power generator, which integrates a micro-scale thermoelectric generator (μ-TEG) and a solar cell on a single silicon chip by MEMS technology for the first time. To optimize the heat flux path of μ-TEG, one side of the thermocouple square array is on the interdigitated electrode of the solar cell and the other side is on the thick oxide passivation layer to realize thermal isolation. Moreover, the hot side and the cold side are insulated by a thick polyimide thermal insulating layer above the thermopile, and a series of square holes is created to enhance the thermal coupling between the thermopile and surrounding environment. Several common measures, like the back-surface field and oxide passivation layer with limited contact openings, are adopted for the design of the solar cell. All the measuring electrodes are on the same side of the device for the convenience of bonding wire and package. When a sputtered Al membrane covers the front side of the device, the maximum output voltage factor and the power factor of the μ-TEG are 0.149 V · cm?2 · K?1 and 3.03 × 10?3μW · cm?2 · K?2, respectively. When the front and back sides of device receive light, the measured photoelectric conversion efficiencies are 4.45% and 0.682%, respectively.
关键词： energy harvesting,μ-TEG,MEMS,Power generator,solar cell
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46