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The cost-effective deposition of ultra-thin titanium(IV) oxide passivating layers for improving photoelectrochemical activity of SnS electrodes
摘要： The structures of tin monosulfide (SnS) with the surface modified by ultrathin titanium(IV) oxide layers for potential photoinduced water splitting were successfully fabricated. SnS thin films were deposited onto glass/Mo substrates using high vacuum evaporation (HVE) method, and then a simple and cost-effective deposition-annealing cycling process was used to prepare titanium(IV) oxide passivated SnS structures. The resulting compositional properties were studied using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The effects of titanium(IV) oxide layers on the photo-electrochemical (PEC) activity of fabricated p-type SnS thin-film electrodes were examined in this study. The SnS layers passivated with titanium(IV) oxide exhibited reducing the SnS-electrolyte interface resistance, increasing the photocurrent and improving the efficiency of PEC cells as deleterious reactions are inhibited. The various electrochemical methods such as current-voltage measurements, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to characterise and analyse SnS structures modified by titanium(IV) oxide.
关键词： Photocathode,Solar energy,Tin sulfide,Titanium dioxide,Water splitting
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Bucharest (2018.7.1-2018.7.5)] 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Transparent Conducting Oxides for Optoelectronics and Biosensing Applications
摘要： Transparent conducting oxides have excellent electrical and optical properties that can be exploited to enhance the performance of devices for a large variety of applications such as integrated optoelectronics, biosensing, light detection or resistive memories. In addition, they have also shown the ability to be integrated in silicon CMOS devices and therefore the potential for mass production. In this work, we will focus on ITO and ZnO for different application fields of integrated optoelectronics, memristors and biosensing.
关键词： biosensing,memristors,transparent conducting oxides,indium tin oxide,zinc oxide,switching
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Etching Characteristics of Titanium Nitride in Chlorine-Based Plasma
摘要： In this study, we carried out an investigation on the etching characteristics of TiN thin films and the selectivity of TiN to PR in inductively coupled Cl2/Ar plasma. The maximum etch rate of the TiN thin films was 27 nm/min for a gas-mixing ratio of 4:16 sccm (Cl2/Ar). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed efficient destruction of the oxide bonds by ion bombardment as well as the accumulation of less-volatile reaction products on the etched surface. Field emission auger electron spectroscopy analysis was used to examine the efficiency of the ion-stimulated desorption of the reaction products.
关键词： TiN,XPS,AFM
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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In situ TiN-reinforced CoCr2FeNiTi0.5 high-entropy alloy composite coating fabricated by laser cladding
摘要： The fcc structural CoCr2FeNiTi0.5 high-entropy alloy (HEA) composite coating with TiN particles reinforced was acquired by laser cladding on the commercial 904L stainless steels. The results show that phase structure is mainly composed of fcc solid solution and TiN phases. The coating exhibits excellent structural stability below 850 °C. The microstructure consists of irregular dendrite and TiN particles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results reveal that the close-packed plane of fcc phase is (111) with interplanar spacing of * 0.208 nm. The interface between TiN and fcc matrix is semi-coherent. And the angle of boundary between dendrite and matrix is * 65°. The hardness and corrosion resistance of coating have much improvement compared with those of substrate.
关键词： Semi-coherent interface,High-entropy alloy,Laser cladding,TiN particle reinforced
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Dynamic operation of liquid crystal cell with inherently nanogroove-featured aligned carbon nanotube sheets
摘要： The use of a highly aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) sheet as a multifunctional constituent for liquid crystal (LC) displays and electro-optic LC applications is assessed. The CNT sheet can perform a dual function: one is an alignment layer for LCs, replacing the commonly used rubbed polyimide film, and the other is a transparent conductive layer, taking the place of indium tin oxide. The hydrophobic treatment improved the adhesion quality between aligned CNT bundles and the glass substrate, which helps to preserve the inherently aligned nanogroove morphology of transparent CNT sheets. The test LC display cells, comprising 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl molecules sandwiched between CNT-sheet-on-glass substrates, demonstrate the operation characteristics comparable to that of the conventional cell under temperature variation and ac electric field of 1 kHz. The results offer a possibility of deploying multifunctional CNT-sheet alignment layers in LC-based devices, especially in the future flexible display applications.
关键词： Indium-tin oxide transparent conductor,Aligned carbon nanotube sheets,Liquid crystal cells,Polyimide alignment layer for liquid crystal display
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Effects of selenisation temperature on photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation spectra of ZnO/CdS/Cu2ZnSnSe4/Mo/glass
摘要： The effect of solar cell processing (including etching in KCN along with deposition of CdS and ZnO) on photoluminescence (PL) spectra and bandgap Eg (measured at 4.2 K by photoluminescence excitation) of Cu2ZnSnSe4 films, produced by selenising metallic precursors at 450°C, 500°C and 550°C, was studied. Temperature and excitation intensity analysis of the P1 dominant band in the PL spectra of solar cells suggests that after processing this band still can be assigned to the free-to-bound recombination of free electrons with holes bound at deep acceptor levels influenced by valence band-tails. However processing increased the intensity of P1 and blue shifted it. The strongest effect was observed for the film selenised at 500°C. For the film selenised at 450°C the blue shift and increase in the intensity were smaller and only a slight intensity rise was found for the film selenised at 550°C. The intensity increase we assign to a reduction in the concentration of non-radiative recombination centers on the surface because of the etching and changes in doping due to inter-diffusion of Cd, S, Se and Zn after the deposition of CdS. Such an inter-diffusion depends on the elemental composition of the films defining the chemistry of defects and influencing Eg which increased in the film selenised at 500°C but decreased in the other films. Processing increased the P1 shift rate (j-shift) with excitation power change in all the films demonstrating a higher compensation degree in the solar cells which is consistent with the formation of an interface layer containing new donors CdCu.
关键词： Optical spectroscopy,Copper zinc tin selenide,Photoluminescence,Solar cells,Selenisation
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Effect of grain size and temperature on DC electrical conductivity of tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized by gel combustion method
摘要： Tin oxide (SnO2) nanomaterials of different grain size have been prepared using gel combustion method by varying the fuel (C6H8O7) to oxidizer (HNO3) molar ratio as a process parameter. The prepared samples were characterized by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Analysis X-ray Spectroscope (EDAX). The XRD patterns showed the formation of single phase Tetragonal rutile structure. The average particle size is found to be in the range of 19–34 nm. SEM images show high porosity in the material. The DC electrical conductivity of SnO2 thick film increases with the temperature significantly from 308K to 670K. The DC electrical conductivity of SnO2 thick film decreases with decrease in grain size due to the effect of surface to volume ratio while activation energy increases with decrease of grain size.
关键词： Thick film,Tin oxide,Activation energy,DC conductivity,Combustion synthesis
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Indium tin oxide modified with dendrimer-encapsulated Pt nanoparticles as efficient p-aminophenol redox cycling platforms
摘要： In this work, we studied indium tin oxides (ITOs) modified with dendrimer-encapsulated Pt nanoparticles (Pt DENs) to develop efficient p-aminophenol (p-AP) redox cycling platforms. The ITO surfaces were modified via electro-oxidative grafting of the terminal amine groups of the dendrimers encapsulating catalytic Pt nanoparticles (i.e., Pt DENs). Compared to conventional ITO surfaces, the Pt DEN-modified ITOs showed highly enhanced electrochemical oxidation current of p-AP even at low potentials with no significant background oxidation current due to the catalytic activity of Pt nanoparticles, leading to high signal-to-background ratio for sensitive p-AP redox cycling. The enhanced p-AP redox cycling on the Pt DEN-modified ITOs led to ～17.8 times higher sensitivity of the p-AP redox cycling than that obtained with conventional ITOs. In addition, the Pt DEN-modified ITOs were found to be suitable as platforms for the immobilization of oligonucleotides due to the globular structure of dendrimers, which have a high surface-to-volume ratio and multiple terminal functional groups, grafted on ITO surfaces. The DEN-modified ITOs could be further functionalized by the immobilization of single-strand DNA oligonucleotides with high surface density (i.e., (2.2 ± 0.4) × 1012 molecules/cm2), which is ～4.4-fold higher than that on the surface of conventional ITOs.
关键词： Indium tin oxide (ITO),Amine-terminated dendrimer,p-aminophenol (p-AP) redox cycling,Dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticle (DEN)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Optimization of formaldehyde detection performance based on Ni2+ sensitized monodisperse amorphous zinc tin oxide microcubes
摘要： The pure and Ni2+ sensitized monodisperse amorphous zinc tin oxide (a-ZTO) microcubes were synthesized via an in-situ precipitation method and subsequent wet impregnation. XPS results revealed that Ni2+ sensitization increased the relative content of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies on the surface of a-ZTO microcubes. Compared to pure a-ZTO microcubes, 0.75 at% Ni2+ sensitized a-ZTO microcubes can significantly improve the gas sensing performance to formaldehyde at 200 °C, which may be attributed to its uniform morphology and modification of Ni2+ on the surface of a-ZTO microcubes. Further, the gas sensing mechanism is briefly discussed.
关键词： Surface sensitization,Zinc tin oxide,Monodisperse,Amorphous material,Sensors
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Effect of hydrogen peroxide on photoelectric properties of high-transmittance FTO films prepared by spray pyrolysis
摘要： The FTO film prepared by spray pyrolysis has low efficiency and most of the precursors are discharged in the form of waste steam. According to the high oxidation property of H2O2, it is attempted to improve the film formation rate by changing the concentration of H2O2. Fluorine-doped SnO2 (FTO) thin films with high transmittance were prepared by spray pyrolysis using monobutyltin trichloride as the tin source and ammonium fluoride as the fluorine source. Different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0-0.08M) are added to the precursor solution. In this paper, we studied the effect of hydrogen peroxide on the structure, surface morphology and photoelectric properties of FTO thin films. The results show that the growth rate of the FTO films increased from 6.04 nm/s to 8.36 nm/s with the increase of H2O2 concentration from 0 to 0.08 M. The optimum preparation process is H2O2 concentration controlled at 0.04M, and FTO thin films suitable for solar cells are prepared. It has excellent performance parameters; carrier concentration:2.74*1021cm-3; carrier mobility:55.92 cm2 V-1s-1; photoelectric quality factor:2.66×10-3·Ω-1and the average transmittance of visible light: 79.87%. At the same time, increasing H2O2 concentration leads to narrowing of optical band gap. Adding appropriate hydrogen peroxide concentration can improve the film production rate and obtain excellent quality films.
关键词： Tin oxide,Preferred orientation,Hydrogen Peroxide,Optoelectronic performance
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29