- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Is Low-Level Laser Therapy Effective for Pain Control After the Surgical Removal of Unerupted Third Molars? A Randomized Trial
摘要： One of the main challenges after extraction of unerupted third molars is pain control, and one of the treatments for pain control is low-level laser therapy (LLLT). Thus, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of LLLT for pain control after extraction of lower third molars. Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blind, split-mouth study included patients who required bilateral extraction of unerupted lower third molars. Patients received LLLT on 1 side (laser group) but not on the opposite side (control group). On the experimental side, each patient received a laser application at 5 intraoral points for 30 seconds per point. This procedure was simulated on the control side. The pain control response was assessed with a modified pain visual analog scale at the following times: immediately after surgery (T0), after laser application (T1), 24 hours after surgery (T2), 48 hours after surgery (T3), and 72 hours after surgery (T4). Results: Thirty-two patients, 56.25% of whom were women, underwent extraction; the average age was 22.2 years. At the times analyzed, the laser group presented better results than the control group. As for the times, there were differences in pain scores between T0 (8.03 ± 14.87) and T3 (2.66 ± 4.23), as well as T4 (3.36 ± 7.83), in the laser group and differences between T0 (19.76 ± 26.66) and T3 (7.11 ± 10.76), as well as T4 (6.26 ± 13.14), in the control group. Conclusion: LLLT was effective in reducing pain after surgical removal of unerupted third molars. At T3 and T4, pain reduction in relation to T0 was noted in both groups.
关键词： low-level laser therapy,pain control,extraction,randomized trial,third molars
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
-
Double-Blind Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Regular and Moses Mode of Holmium Laser Lithotripsy
摘要： Objective: To compare Regular and Moses modes of holmium laser lithotripsy during ureteroscopy in terms of fragmentation/pulverization and procedural times in addition to perioperative complications. Patients and methods: After obtaining ethics approval, a prospective double‐blinded randomized trial was conducted for patients undergoing holmium laser lithotripsy during retrograde ureteroscopy. Patients were randomly assigned to either Regular or Moses modes. Patients and surgeons were blinded to the laser mode. Lumenis 120W generator with 200 Moses D/F/L fibers were used. Demographic data, stone parameters, peri‐ operative complications and success rates were compared. The degree of stone retropulsion was graded on a Likert scale from zero‐no retropulsion to 3‐maximum retropulsion. Results: A total of 72 patients were included in the study (36 per each arm). Both groups were comparable in terms of age, and pre‐operative stone size (1.4 vs. 1.7 cm, p>0.05). When compared with the Regular mode, Moses mode was associated with significantly lower fragmentation/pulverization time (21.1 vs. 14.2 min; p=0.03) and procedural time (50.9 vs. 41.1 min, p=0.03). However, there were no significant differences in terms of lasing time (7.4 vs. 6.1 min, p>0.05) and total energy applied to the stones (11.1 vs. 10.8 KJ, p>0.05). Moses mode was associated with significantly less retropulsion (mean grade was 1.0 vs. 0.5, p=0.01). There were no significant differences between both modes in terms of intra‐operative complications (11.1% vs. 8.3%, p>0.05), with one patient requiring endo‐ureterotomy for stricture in the Moses group. Success rate at the end of 3 months was comparable between both groups (83.3% vs. 88.4%, p> 0.05). Conclusion: Moses technology was associated with significantly lower fragmentation/pulverization and procedural times. The reduced fragmentation/pulverization time seen using Moses technology could be explained by the significantly lower retropulsion of stones during laser lithotripsy.
关键词： technology assessment,ureteroscopy,randomized clinical trial,holmium laser,Laser lithotripsy,outcomes assessment
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
-
[IEEE 2020 International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM) - Dubai, United Arab Emirates (2020.1.9-2020.1.10)] 2020 International Conference on Computation, Automation and Knowledge Management (ICCAKM) - Compact UWB Monopole antenna with WLAN and X-Band satellite filtering Characteristics
摘要： The classification accuracy of a brain–computer interface (BCI) frequently suffers from ill-posed and overfitting problems. To avoid and alleviate these problems, we propose a method of a multilinear discriminant analysis with constraints to augment parameter reduction, regularization, and additional prior information for event-related potential (ERP)-based BCIs. The method reduces the number of parameters by multilinearization, regularizes the ill-posedness via subspaces that constrain the parameter spaces, and incorporates a brain functional connectivity through the constraints. The experimental results show that the proposed method improved the classification accuracy rates in a single-trial ERP processing.
关键词： single-trial classification,Brain–computer/machine interface (BCI/BMI),electroencephalogram (EEG),event-related potentials,linear discriminant analysis,multilinear algebra
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
-
A Randomized, Splita??Face, Doublea??Blind Comparison Trial Between Fractionated Frequencya??Doubled 1064/532a??nm Picosecond Nd:YAG Laser and Fractionated 1927a??nm Thulium Fiber Laser for Facial Photorejuvenation
摘要： Fractionated lasers are a popular therapeutic option for facial photorejuvenation. In this study, we compare the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of a fractionated frequency‐doubled 1064/532 nm picosecond Nd:YAG fractionated picosecond laser (FPL) versus a fractionated 1927 nm thulium fiber laser (TFL) for facial rejuvenation. This was a double‐blind, randomized, split‐face comparison study involving 20 subjects. Facial halves were randomized to receive either FPL or TFL treatment. Three treatments were delivered at 1‐month intervals. Subjects were followed up for 1, 3, and 6 months post‐final treatment session and evaluated by blinded, non‐treating investigators for dyspigmentation, erythema, keratosis, texture, and rhytids on a standardized scale. Subjects also recorded a quantitative daily diary rating healing progress for 14 days after every treatment session. Statistically significant improvements in elastosis, erythema, keratosis, dyschromia, and skin texture were noted in both treatment groups. There were no significant differences detected in clinical efficacy between the two groups. Subject daily diaries revealed statistically significant differences in tolerability during the immediate 14‐day post‐operative recovery period. The facial half treated with FPL displayed significantly less redness on days 3 and 4; significantly less swelling on day 5; significantly less crusting on days 1 through 9; significantly less peeling on days 3 through 9; and significantly less itch on days 4 and 7. There were no unexpected adverse effects observed. Both FPL and TFL are safe and effective treatment options for facial rejuvenation. FPL may be associated with significantly less downtime.
关键词： photodamage,laser induced optical breakdown,photothermolysis,thulium fiber,picosecond laser,photoacoustolysis,Nd:YAG,holographic lens,clinical trial,rejuvenation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
-
[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Field Trial of a Finite-Key Quantum Key Distribution System in the Metropolitan Florence Area
摘要： In a society based on the continuous exchange of sensitive data and information, the importance of secure and trustful communications is essential. Quantum key distribution (QKD) makes it possible to share data in an unconditionally secure way exploiting the basic principles of Quantum Mechanics [1]. During the last 30 years, many QKD protocols have been developed and tested, achieving long distance transmission [2] and secret key rates up to hundreds of Mbits per second [3]. However, this technology is still far from a large-scale deployment in existing fiber networks and telecom infrastructures, due to multiple factors: low secret-key rate, limited distance between users, lack of applications, high costs and high requirements in terms of low noise fiber links. In order to reveal practical issues in real-world deployments, quantum field trials have been implemented by exploiting installed fiber links on a metropolitan scale. While many of these experiments were performed on a dark fiber (thus requiring a dedicated link for quantum key transmission only), other field trials explored the coexistence between weak coherent pulses and classical signals propagating through the same fiber [4-7], see Figure 1 a). In this work we report a low-cost field trial demonstration of a complete QKD system working in the C-band telecom wavelength, performed over an installed fiber situated in Florence. A time-bin three-stateprotocol with one-decoy state method is implemented in the experiment [2]. As illustrated in Figure 1 b), theexperimental setup consists of a transmitter (Alice), working at ch 21 of 100GHz DWDM grid, and a receiver(Bob) connected by a metropolitan dark-fiber link in a loop-back configuration. The total distance covered in thefiber link is about 40 km, with an overall transmission loss of 21 dB. Secure key generation of 3.4 kbps (in thefinite key scenario) is achieved, with simultaneous transmission of a classical synchronization signal, at adifferent wavelength (ch 51 of 100GHz DWDM grid with -29 dBm input power), through the same fiber. InFigure 1 c) we report the secret key rate and the bit error rate, measured for several hours to prove the stability ofthe apparatus.
关键词： metropolitan network,QKD,finite-key analysis,Quantum key distribution,field trial
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
<p>Effects of a single treatment with two nonthermal laser wavelengths on chronic neck and shoulder pain</p>
摘要： Nonthermal lasers provide pain relief for a variety of musculoskeletal disorders and improve physical functioning. A nonthermal laser that employs a 635 nm red diode is cleared for the temporary reduction of neck and shoulder pain of musculoskeletal origin. As a 405 nm violet laser has shown synergy with the 635 nm red laser when used together for treating other conditions, the objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of 635 nm red and 405 nm violet lasers vs the 635 nm red laser for treating neck and shoulder pain of musculoskeletal origin.
关键词： low-level laser,chronic pain,nonthermal laser,randomized trial
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Four-year clinical prospective follow-up of resin composite restoration after selective caries removal using Er:YAG laser
摘要： Objectives The aim of this study was to longitudinally evaluate, after a 4-year period, the clinical longevity of composite resin restoration compared to the baseline, after selective caries removal in permanent molars using Er:YAG laser or bur preparation with biomodification of dentin with the use of chlorhexidine. Methods Selective caries removal was performed on 80 teeth of 20 individuals who each had at least four active carious lesions. These lesions, located on occlusal surfaces of permanent molar counterparts, were removed using (i) Er:YAG laser biomodified with chlorhexidine, (ii) Er:YAG laser and application of deionized water, (iii) bur preparation biomodified with chlorhexidine, and (iv) bur preparation and application of deionized water. At the end of 4 years, 64 of the 80 restorations were evaluated in 16 individuals (n = 16). The restorations were evaluated, both clinically and photographically, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and pulp vitality analysis. The experimental data were statistically evaluated by kappa, Fisher’s, and chi-square tests, with a significance level of 5%. The Kaplan–Meier test and the Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the survival of the restorations. Results After 4 years of follow-up, there was a statistically significant difference in marginal discoloration criteria for all of the groups evaluated. For marginal adaptation criteria, there was a statistically significant difference for the Er:YAG laser group biomodified with chlorhexine (p = 0.050). For clinical and radiographic evaluation of pulp vitality, there were no statistically significant differences among the groups (p = 0.806). Conclusion Er:YAG laser can be used for selective caries removal, regardless of dentin biomodification with chlorhexidine or application of deionized water, once it produced promising results in composite resin restorations after 4 years of follow-up, according to the criteria evaluated. The selective caries removal using Er:YAG laser or bur and influence the survival of composite resin the biomodification of dentin with the use of chlorhexidine did not restorations after the 4-year follow-up period. Clinical relevance Composite resin restorations applied after selective caries removal using Er:YAG laser or burs, regardless of dentin biomodification with the use of chlorhexidine or application of deionized water, showed adequate clinical behavior after 4 years of follow-up.
关键词： Clinical trial,Dental marginal adaptation,Permanent restorative dentistry,Lasers,Composite resins
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
-
Safety of light emitting diode‐red light on human skin: two randomized controlled trials
摘要： Background: Therapeutic applications of light emitting diode-red light (LED-RL) are expanding, yet data on its clinical effects are lacking. Objectives: To evaluate the safety of high fluence LED-RL (≥160 J/cm2). Methods: In two phase I, single-blind, dose escalation, randomized controlled trials, healthy subjects received LED-RL or mock irradiation to the forearm thrice weekly for three weeks at fluences of 160 to 640 J/cm2 for all skin types (STARS 1, n=60) and at 480 to 640 J/cm2 for non-Hispanic Caucasians (STARS 2, n=55). The primary outcome was the incidence of adverse events (AEs). The maximum tolerated dose was the highest fluence that did not elicit predefined AEs. Results: Dose-limiting AEs, including blistering and prolonged erythema, occurred at 480 J/cm2 in STARS 1 (n=1) and 640 J/cm2 in STARS 2 (n=2). AEs of transient erythema and hyperpigmentation were mild. No serious AEs occurred. Conclusions: LED-RL is safe up to 320 J/cm2 for skin of color and 480 J/cm2 for non-Hispanic Caucasian individuals. LED-RL may exert differential cutaneous effects depending on race and ethnicity, with darker skin being more photosensitive. These findings may guide future studies to evaluate the efficacy of LED-RL for the treatment of various diseases. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02630303 and NCT03433222
关键词： Randomized Controlled Trial,Skin Pigmentation,Phototherapy,Low-Level Light Therapy
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
-
Aflibercept and navigated versus conventional laser in diabetic macular oedema: a 12‐month randomized clinical trial
摘要： Purpose: To examine the efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept and navigated laser as compared to intravitreal aflibercept and conventional laser in diabetic macular oedema (DME) treatment. Methods: In 12-month randomized clinical trial, 48 eyes of 37 patients with centre-involved DME at Odense University Hospital were randomized 1:1 to receive three monthly injections of aflibercept followed by navigated (group A) or conventional (group B) focal/grid laser. From month four through twelve, patients were examined monthly, and additional injections were given pro re nata (PRN) (central retinal thickness [CRT]>20% from lowest measurement or loss in visual acuity [VA]>5 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study [ETDRS] letters compared with baseline).Outcome measures; (1) percentage of eyes that needed additional injections after laser in group A and B, (2) mean number of injections in group A and B, and (3) mean change in VA and CRT in group A and B. Results: In the PRN phase, 60.5% of patients needed additional injections without differences between groups A and B (58.3 versus 63.2%, p > 0.99). The mean number of injections between baseline and month 12 was 4.4 (4.2 versus 4.6, p = 0.41). From baseline to month 12, VA improved by 8.4 ETDRS letters, and CRT was reduced by 97.4 lm (+9.4 versus +7.1 letters, p = 0.17, and (cid:1)83.2 versus (cid:1)115.4 lm, p = 0.21). Conclusion: No difference in need for retreatment was detected between treatment arms of aflibercept and navigated versus conventional laser.
关键词： randomized clinical trial,diabetic macular oedema,focal/grid laser photocoagulation,anti-VEGF
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
-
Efficacy of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as an Adjunctive to Mechanical Debridement in the Treatment of Peri-implant Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
摘要： Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to assess the clinical effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) after closed surface scaling in the treatment of peri-implant diseases. Methods: Ten patients with a total of 15 pairs of dental implants, showing clinical and radiographic signs of peri-implant diseases, were included in this study. In each patient, one implant randomly served as control implant and the other served as test implant. The control implants were treated with closed surface scaling only and the test implants received additionally PDT, using light with a wavelength of 630 nm and intensity of 2000 mw/cm2 for 120 seconds after application of photosensitizer in peri-implant sulcus. Clinical parameters were evaluated before and 1.5 and 3 months after treatment. Results: Statistical analysis showed significant differences in probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and gingival index (GI) at each time point between the two groups. There were no statistically significant changes with respect to any of the parameters in the control group. Complete resolution of BOP at 3 months was achieved in 100% of test implants. At 1.5 and 3 months, there were significant differences in the mean probing depth and CAL gain measurements at implants in the test group. Conclusion: The present study revealed that adjunctive use of PDT following closed surface scaling could lead to clinical improvement of peri-implant diseases. Further studies are necessary to confirm our results.
关键词： photodynamic therapy,mechanical debridement,peri-implantitis,dental implant,clinical trial
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04