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Structural, morphological and 6 MeV energy electron dosimetric properties of Cu doped SnO<sub>2</sub> phosphor.
摘要： Cu doped SnO2 (SnO2:Cu) nano phosphor (NP) was successfully synthesized by one-step simple hydrothermal method and it was characterized by XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) for structural, FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy) for morphological and EDS (Electron Dispersive Spectroscopy) for elemental analysis. NP was annealed at 700 °C for 2 hr and its crystallinity for tetragonal phase was confirmed through XRD. The crystallite size was ~10.39 nm for un-annealed and ~18.16 nm for annealed samples which has been calculated using Scherer equation. The particle size was estimated to be ~43 nm and the elemental composition of Sn, O, Cu was obtained by EDS. In addition, to study the dosimetric properties, the SnO2:Cu phosphors were irradiated with 6 MeV electron beam at fluences ranging from 10 x 10^11 e/cm^2 to 20 x 10^12 e/cm^2 which is equivalent to the 1.55 kGy to 31 kGy. The irradiated sample showed Thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetric glow peaks at 170 °C, 263 °C and 303 °C. SnO2:Cu NP was found to be sensitive enough for energetic electrons. Further, it has been noticed that the TL dose response found sensitive upto 10 x 10^12 e/cm^2 (15.50 kGy) with fading of 5.1 % for 2 months. Hence, SnO2:Cu can be used for the measurement of electron doses.
关键词： Hydrothermal Method,Electron Irradiation,Thermoluminescence,SnO2
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2018 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference (ACP) - Hangzhou, China (2018.10.26-2018.10.29)] 2018 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference (ACP) - Influence of Gamma-ray irradiation on the fluorescence lifetime of Bi/Er co-doped fibers
摘要： We report the radiation effect on fluorescence lifetime (FLT) of the bismuth and erbium co-doped fiber. For emission peak at 1138 nm, the FLT is increased at 0-0.3 kGy, and then is decreased at 0.3-3 kGy. However, for emission peak at 1534 nm of Er3+, its FLT is decreased all the way.
关键词： gamma irradiation,FLT,BEDF,absorption spectrum
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Photo-responsive Azobenzene-MXene hybrid and its optical modulated electrochemical effects
摘要： The 2D transition metal carbide (MXene) is a new type of promising material for energy storage due to its metallic conductivity and highly active surface. This paper describes a new photo-responsive Azo-MXene hybrid that is fabricated through electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged MXene and the cationic Azo-surfactants. After performing systematical characterizations, we found a strong electrostatic interaction force between the MXene and Azo-surfactants in this hybrid and a uniform distribution of Azo groups in the MXene structure. Notably, this Azo-MXene hybrid can self-assemble to an aggregated structure due to the hydrophobization of Azo on the surface of MXene. Furthermore, the self-assembly of this hybrid can be modulated by ultraviolet light irradiation. This process of transition is also responsible for the hybrid's electrochemical performance upon ultraviolet light irradiation, which may be applied as a photo-responsive conductive material for photo-energy conversion and storage devices.
关键词： Assembly,Azobenzene,MXene,Irradiation,Isomerization
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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The study of low temperature irradiation induced defects in p-Si using deep-level transient spectroscopy
摘要： Primary defects introduced in boron-doped silicon by an alpha-particle source with a fluence rate of 7 × 106 cm?2 s?1 at cryogenic temperatures were investigated using deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). The data showed that the defects observed between 35 K and 120 K were not detectable when irradiation was carried out at room temperature. The defect levels were observed at 0.10 eV, 0.14 eV and 0.18 eV above the valence band maximum. These levels were attributed to the boron-substitutional vacancy complex, the mono vacancy and a vacancy-related defect respectively.
关键词： Irradiation,DLTS,Silicon,Vacancy
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Irradiation effects of swift heavy ions on palladium films deposited on 6H-SiC substrate
摘要： The irradiation effect of swift heavy ions on palladium (Pd) films deposited on 6H-SiC was investigated. The samples were irradiated by Xe26+ ions with the energy of 167 MeV at fluences of 1 × 1013 cm?2 and 3 × 1014 cm?2 at room temperature. Phase identification, residual stress and surface morphology were investigated with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD results showed that the as-deposited sample was composed of Pd and SiC with no evidence of a reaction between Pd and SiC. No reaction was observed for the lower irradiation fluence, only an increase in the Pd peak intensities was observed indicating improvement in the crystallinity of the material. A reaction between Pd and SiC forming PdSi and Pd2Si was observed after irradiation at a fluence of 3 × 1014 cm?2. The stress measurements indicated that the films were having tensile and biaxial stress not exceeding 200 MPa. A decrease in stress values was observed with an increase in irradiation fluence. The surface morphology of the as-deposited was flat and composed of small granules. There was an increase in granule sizes due to irradiation at 1 × 1013 cm?2. Irradiating at 3 × 1014 cm?2 caused grain agglomeration and clustering.
关键词： Palladium,SiC,Swift heavy ions,Stress,Irradiation
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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ZIF-8 derived ZnO/Zn6Al2O9/Al2O3 nanocomposite with excellent photocatalytic performance under simulated sunlight irradiation
摘要： In this contribution, ternary ZnO/Zn6Al2O9/Al2O3 nanocomposite was obtained by in situ incorporation of Al3+ during the synthesis of ZIF-8, aiming to improve the adsorption and photocatalytic performance of ZIF-8-derived ZnO under simulated sunlight irradiation. XRD, SEM, TEM, HRTEM, XPS, UV-Vis DRS, BET and PL techniques were employed for the analysis of the crystalline structure, composition, morphology, light absorption and charge separation of the samples. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was evaluated by the degradation of Methyl orange (MO) under simulated sunlight irradiation. Compared to ZIF-8-derived ZnO, the formation of ZnO/Zn6Al2O9/Al2O3 nanocomposite can provide with high BET specific surface area, reduce the band gap, inhibit the recombination of the electron-hole pairs, and hence greatly improve the photocatalytic activity. The maximum photocatalytic degradation rate of 97.5% for a high initial MO concentration of 150 mg/L-1 was obtained over ZnO/Zn6Al2O9/Al2O3 nanocomposite with molar ratio of Al/Zn as 1:1 under simulated sunlight irradiation for 60 min, which is 3.18 times higher than that of ZIF-8-derived ZnO.
关键词： Zn6Al2O9,Simulated sunlight irradiation,Al2O3,ZIF-8,ZnO,Photocatalytic degradation
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Effect of neutron irradiation on the structural, electrical and optical properties evolution of RPLD VO2 films
摘要： This study reports on the effect of neutron irradiation at different fluences on the properties of VO2 thin films. The irradiations were performed at NUR research reactor, Algiers at a temperature of about 40 °C, with fast neutron fluence (En > 1 MeV) up to 1.9 × 1018 n.cm?2. The induced defects have been investigated using structural, optical and electrical measurements. Both bulk sensitive characterization techniques, Raman and grazing incident angle X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) analysis, show that no structural transformation is induced by neutron irradiation, although strain induced defect production are generated throughout the films while surface sensitive techniques, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and work function measurements, show that the charge carrier (electron) concentration at room temperature decreases after irradiation. Potentially due to fast neutron irradiation induced defects, mainly in the form of Frenkel pairs, swelling and color center formation occurs in VO2 thin films without amorphization. This is further corroborated by an increase of the room temperature resistivity through the irradiated films. Temperature-dependent electrical and optical transmission measurements confirm that the characteristic semiconductor-to-metal transition of the VO2 films is preserved upon irradiation. We therefore conclude that VO2 is an excellent candidate for thermal shielding and thermal management of small satellites.
关键词： Smart radiator device,Vanadium dioxide,Neutron irradiation,Phase transition,Pulsed laser deposition
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Glucose Induced Formation of Oxygen Vacancy and Bi-Metal Co-modified Bi5O7Br Nanotubes for efficient Performance Photocatalysis
摘要： Here, we prepared Bi metal modified defective-Bi5O7Br nanotubes (Bi/Bi5O7Br-OV) by hydrothermal synthesis to be an efficient photocatalyst. The density function theory (DFT) revealed that oxygen vacancies in Bi5O7Br could form an intermediate level, which could allow electron transfer to new intermediate level, and finally move to the conduction band. The Bi/Bi5O7Br-OV nanotubes demonstrate superior photocatalytic degradation of phenol, showing 3 times higher than that of pristine Bi5O7Br. The defects and Bi endow Bi5O7Br nanotubes with abundant active sites and improve the solar absorption. The increased and more dispersed charge density allow enhanced electronic conductivity and the separation of photogenerated carriers. Furthermore, more ·OH radicals are generated during photochemical reaction, which is beneficial in improving the photocatalytic performance. This work will play significant roles and create opportunities in modifying Bi-based materials for promoting photocatalysis.
关键词： photodegradation,bismuth oxybromide,water treatment,visible light irradiation
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Preparation and characterization of bismuth oxychloride/reduced graphene oxide for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B under white-light light-emitting-diode and sunlight irradiation
摘要： Facile and template-free two-step synthesis of bismuth oxychloride/graphene oxide (BiOCl/GO) and bismuth oxychloride/reduced graphene oxide (BiOCl/rGO) photocatalysts for degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under low-power white light–emitting diode (wLED) irradiation (1.6 W/cm2) and sunlight is demonstrated. These photocatalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, X-ray di?raction, and micro-Raman, Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron, and UV–Vis di?use re?ectance spectroscopy. Under wLED irradiation, the prepared BiOCl/rGO photocatalysts exhibited excellent photodegradation activity toward RhB through chromophore cleavage mechanism and toward phenol in the presence of RhB with notable dye-sensitized e?ect. Through scavenging experiments, superoxide radicals were notably involved in RhB degradation. With the highest charge separation e?ciency and lowest recombination rate, the photocatalytic activity of BiOCl/rGO reached a maximum rate constant of 0.1899 min?1, 2.0 and 3.0 times higher than those of BiOCl/GO and BiOCl, respectively. In the stability study, only a slight loss (4.5%) in photodegradation was observed after BiOCl/rGO was used in ?ve cycles of photodegradation runs. Compared with commonly used photocatalyst such as TiO2 (P25), BiOCl/rGO demonstrated superior photocatalytic activity and stability under wLED irradiation for various dyestu?s (rhodamine 6 G, methylene blue, and fast green FCF) in di?erent environmental water samples (lake, pond, and sea water).
关键词： wLED-induced photodegradation,Rhodamine B,Reduced graphene oxide,Phenol,Sunlight irradiation,Bismuth oxychloride
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Radiology, Lasers, Nanoparticles and Prosthetics || 2. Nuclei and isotopes
摘要： In Chapters 5 to 12 nuclear methods in medicine are discussed either for imaging (scintigraphy, SPECT, PET) or for radiation treatment of cancerous tissues (proton and neutron irradiation, brachytherapy). It is therefore appropriate to first introduce some basic properties of nuclides and isotopes, and in particular of radioactive isotopes which are used in nuclear medicine. This chapter is not intended to replace a textbook on nuclear physics. But it provides sufficient background information for better understanding the subsequent chapters. Handling of radiation in general and application of radioactive isotopes also requires a detailed knowledge of radiation dose and radiation safety, which are topics of Chapter 4.
关键词： scintigraphy,medicine,SPECT,neutron irradiation,PET,brachytherapy,radiation safety,proton irradiation,nuclides,cancerous tissues,isotopes,radioactive isotopes,radiation dose,imaging,nuclear medicine,nuclear methods,radiation treatment
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59