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Simultaneous quantitative analysis of indomethacin and benzoic acid in gel using ultra-violet-visible spectrophotometry and chemometrics
摘要： BACKGROUND: In order to manufacture pharmaceutical products, real-time monitoring in the manufacturing process is necessary, but large equipment cost is required to achieve it. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research is to use ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy along with chemometrics procedure to simultaneously quantitative analysis of indomethacin (IMC) and benzoic acid (BA) in the gel during pharmaceutical manufacturing process. METHODS: The gel preparations were contained of 0.1–1.5% IMC, 0.015–0.225% BA, 2% carbopol? 941 and 95% ethanol solution. The calibration models were constructed using the partial least square regression (PLS). RESULTS: The relationships of the measured and predicted concentrations for both IMC and BA had linear plots. The developed PLS calibration models were used to monitor the IMC and BA concentrations during mixing of the gels by the planetary centrifugal and conventional mixers, respectively. IMC and BA were gradually dispersed, dissolved and completely homogeneous within 30 min by the centrifugal mixer. In contrast, IMC and BA were slowly dispersed, dissolved and completely homogeneous at more than 60 min by the conventional mixer. CONCLUSIONS: The ultra-violet-visible spectrophotometric method couples with multivariate chemometric techniques for quantitative data analysis were successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of major component IMC and trace component BA in the gel.
关键词： benzoic acid,indomethacin,partial least square regression,Ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy,process analysis technology,process monitoring
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Effect of Temperature on Shape & Optical Properties of MgO/ZnO Nanocomposites
摘要： MgO/ZnO nanocomposites were synthesized by mixing magnesium acetate tetrahydrate and zinc acetate in the equimolar ratio through a simple reflux method. The refluxed sample was annealed at three different temperatures 400, 500 and 600 oC, respectively. X-ray diffraction spectra (XRD) showed wurtzite ZnO structure with cubic MgO. The HR-SEM picture showed the rod shaped morphology at 400 °C and morphology changed to spherical shape with the increase in temperature to 600 °C. Williamson-Hall plot is used to study the particle size and micro strain of the synthesized MgO/ZnO nanocomposites. The band gap and luminescent property were investigated using ultra violet-visible and photoluminescence spectra. The optical property of MgO/ZnO nanocomposites depends on the annealing temperature which is shown by the increase in the band gap as temperature increases.
关键词： MgO-ZnO nanocomposites,EDAX,Ultra violet-visible,Photoluminescence,HRSEM
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES ON POUZOLZIA WIGHTII BENN
摘要： Objective: The present study was aimed to reveal the spectroscopic profile (UV-Vis and FT-IR) of Pouzolzia wightii Benn. Methods: To detect the UV-Vis spectroscopic profile of P. wightii crude extracts were examined under UV-Vis Shimadzu spectrophotometer with the wavelength ranged from 100 to 1100 nm. About 1 mg of different extracts of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and acetone, ethanolic extracts of P. wightii were separately made into thin discs with 10-100 mg of potassium bromide using a mould and pressed under anhydrous conditions. The pellets were measured in an automatic recording FT-IR Spectrophotometer (Shimadzu 8400S) in the range of 400 to 4000 cm-1 Results: In UV-Vis analysis, P. wightii petroleum ether extracts showed more number of peaks in roots (15) than other studied parts. Chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of P. wightii leaves observed 9 peaks and acetone extracts of P. wightii stem showed 10 peaks. Medicinal property of plant extracts are confirmed by the presence of secondary metabolites. FT-IR analysis of ethyl acetate extracts of P. wightii leaves, stem and root observed the highest number of (16, 12 and 16) functional compounds. Conclusion: These UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopic results may be used as a pharmacognostic marker in the pharmaceutical industries and can be used as a chemometric tool to distinguish the studied P. wightii leaves, stem and root. The present study used to find out the bioactive compounds which may be subjected to subsequent target isolation. Further research will be needed for the structural characterization of the isolated compound by the use of different analytical methods such as NMR and mass spectrophotometer.
关键词： Pharmacognosy,FT-IR-Fourier Transform-Infra Red,Pouzolzia wightii,UV-Vis-Ultra Violet–Visible
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14