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3D Printing Amorphous Polysiloxane Terpolymers via Vat Photopolymerization
摘要： Photocuring and vat photopolymerization (VP) additive manufacturing (AM) is reported for two families of fully amorphous poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) terpolymers containing either diphenylsiloxy (DiPhS) or diethylsiloxy (DiEtS) repeating units. A thiol-functionalized PDMS crosslinker enables rapid crosslinking in air using efficient thiol–ene addition. Differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) confirm the absence of crystallinity for the DiPhS-containing systems, while DMA shows a rubbery plateau extending to greater than 200 °C for the DiEtS-containing system. VP-AM of both photopolymer systems afford well-defined 3D geometries, including high aspect ratio structures, which demonstrate feasibility of these photopolymers for the 3D printing of unique geometric objects that require elastomeric performance to temperatures as low as ?120 °C.
关键词： thiol–ene reaction,elastomers,poly(dimethyl siloxane),vat photopolymerization,siloxane terpolymers,3D printing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Experimental investigation and thermo-mechanical modelling for tool life evaluation of photopolymer additively manufactured mould inserts in different injection moulding conditions
摘要： There is a growing interest for integrating additive manufacturing (AM) technology in different manufacturing processes such as injection moulding (IM) due to the possibility of achieving shorter manufacturing times and increased cost effectiveness. This paper evaluates IM inserts fabricated by the AM vat photopolymerisation method. The inserts are directly manufactured with a photopolymer material, integrated on an injection moulding tool and subsequently used for IM. Therefore, particular attention has to be paid in order to develop the soft tooling process chain and the IM experimental procedure as detailed in this study. Different combinations of IM parameters are investigated in this work in order to determine the influence of the various process settings on the inserts’ performance (lifetime, crack propagation, consistency of the mould surface features). The mould inserts were analysed by three-dimensional optical metrology and evaluated with regard to the different surface features that were affected by the IM process. A three-dimensional thermo-mechanical with phase change model for the analysis of the effects of the IM process on the additive manufactured tools was accomplished in the FE software COMSOL Multiphysics. The potential causes for the insert failure are identified both by means of the IM experiments and the numerical model. The developed model could also predict the thermally induced deformations produced in the mould and identify where this phenomenon would eventually lead to defects in the shape of the parts. The influence of three different temperatures of the insert at 25 °C, 50 °C and 100 °C on the failure of the insert was investigated. Also a detailed discussion about the solidification and temperature changes is given.
关键词： Finite element modelling,Vat photopolymerization,Injection moulding,Soft tooling,Additive manufacturing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Multi-scale process simulation for additive manufacturing through particle filled vat photopolymerization
摘要： The majority of research into vat photopolymerization (VP), has been focused on experimental investigations of the influence of process and material parameters. In a specific application of the VP technique, where the resin is filled with particles, this empirical approach has its limitations. In order to fully understand the relation between process parameters and the material properties a detailed numerical analysis is needed. In this paper we present a multi-scale and multi-physical simulation approach to unravel such relations in the complex production process. Using a homogenization approach, the influence of the filler particles, in this case alumina, on the light scattering, conversion characteristics and resulting effective thermal and mechanical properties is determined. The effective composite material and scattering properties are then used as input in a process simulation framework. This enables prediction of key filled-VP characteristics at a structural level. A mesh sensitivity analysis at the component scale reveals that adequate predictions may be obtained with a rather course discretization, facilitating multi-physics VP part simulations.
关键词： Homogenization framework,Multi-physical modeling,Process simulation,Ceramics,Additive manufacturing,Vat photopolymerization,Multi-scale modeling
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57