- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Transient liver toxicity as a result of the oral administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid for photodynamic diagnosis in patients with bladder cancer
摘要： The clinical benefit of PDD-assisted TURBT with 5-ALA is evident from several studies.1–3 We carried out a phase III study of this new diagnostic technique in Japan using a preoperative oral administration of 20 mg/kg 5-ALA.2 On the basis of the reported high diagnostic accuracy and good safety profile, oral 5-ALA has been approved as an intraoperative diagnostic drug in Japan since December 2017. The toxicity induced by 5-ALA is reported to be low, because 5-ALA is a non-fluorescent natural amino acid produced by the mitochondria in animals and plants.3,4 However, 5-ALA administered into the body is predominantly incorporated by the liver, kidney, muscle and malignant tumor tissue, and metabolized to protoporphyrin IX in a heme synthetic pathway.5,6 Administration of 5-ALA is associated with a potential risk of liver toxicity as a result of the substantial accumulation of its metabolites.6,7 Although evidence regarding its liver toxicity has been reported in Europe and the USA, such data are significantly lacking for Japanese patients. In the present study, we systematically evaluated liver parameter reactions in patients with bladder cancer who underwent 5-ALA-mediated PDD-TURBT to recommend the routine surveillance required in the regular clinical setting.
关键词： liver toxicity,5-aminolevulinic acid,photodynamic diagnosis,bladder cancer
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
-
Electrospray-Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (ES-SERS) for probing surface chemical compositions of atmospherically relevant particles
摘要： We present electrospray-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (ES-SERS) as a new approach to measuring the surface chemical compositions of atmospherically relevant particles. The surface-sensitive SERS is realized by electrospraying Ag nanoparticle aerosols over analyte particles. Spectral features at v(SO42-), v(C-H) and v(O-H) modes were observed from the normal Raman and SERS measurements of laboratory-generated supermicron particles of ammonium sulfate (AS), AS mixed with succinic acid (AS/SA) and AS mixed with sucrose (AS/sucrose). SERS measurements showed strong interaction (or chemisorption) between Ag nanoparticles and surface aqueous sulfate [SO42-] with [SO42-]AS/sucrose > [SO42-]AS/SA > [SO42-]AS. Enhanced spectra of the solid AS and AS/SA particles revealed the formation of surface-adsorbed water on their surfaces at 60% relative humidity. These observations of surface aqueous sulfate and adsorbed water demonstrate a possible role of surface-adsorbed water in facilitating the dissolution of sulfate from the bulk phase into its water layer(s). Submicron ambient aerosol particles collected in Hong Kong exhibited non-enhanced features of black carbon and enhanced features of sulfate and organic matter (carbonyl group), indicating an enrichment of sulfate and organic matter on the particle surface.
关键词： Electrospray-Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy,succinic acid,atmospherically relevant particles,surface chemical compositions,ES-SERS,sucrose,Ag nanoparticles,surface-adsorbed water,organic matter,ammonium sulfate,black carbon
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
-
A broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectrometer for aircraft measurements of glyoxal, methylglyoxal, nitrous acid, nitrogen dioxide, and water vapor
摘要： We describe a two-channel broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectrometer (BBCEAS) for aircraft measurements of glyoxal (CHOCHO), methylglyoxal (CH3COCHO), nitrous acid (HONO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and water (H2O). The instrument spans 361–389 and 438–468 nm, using two light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and a single grating spectrometer with a charge-coupled device (CCD) detector. Robust performance is achieved using a custom optical mounting system, high-power LEDs with electronic on/off modulation, high-reflectivity cavity mirrors, and materials that minimize analyte surface losses. We have successfully deployed this instrument during two aircraft and two ground-based field campaigns to date. The demonstrated precision (2σ) for retrievals of CHOCHO, HONO and NO2 are 34, 350, and 80 parts per trillion (pptv) in 5 s. The accuracy is 5.8, 9.0, and 5.0 %, limited mainly by the available absorption cross sections.
关键词： broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy,water vapor,nitrous acid,methylglyoxal,aircraft measurements,glyoxal,nitrogen dioxide
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
-
Recovery of rare earths from waste cathode ray tube (crt) phosphor powder by selective sulfation roasting and water leaching
摘要： Until recently, most displays, such as television and computer screens, were based on cathode ray tubes (CRTs). With the introduction of new types of displays including liquid crystal displays, CRTs have been widely replaced, leading to a gradual build-up of hazardous CRT powder waste. In this paper, a new approach is introduced where the valuable rare-earth elements (REEs) (i.e. yttrium and europium) in the powder are selectively recovered, leaving behind a zinc-rich residue and glass for further recycling. The main rare-earth compound in the waste powder is Y2O2S:Eu3+ (YOS). The fine-grained CRT powder was mixed with zinc sulfate monohydrate (ZnSO4.H2O) and roasted at 600-900 °C for short periods of time. In this way, Y2O2S:Eu3+ was transformed into water-soluble rare-earth sulfates. Meanwhile, ZnS underwent a two-stage reaction with ZnSO4.H2O, where first a partially water-soluble intermediate (ZnO.2ZnSO4) and then the water-insoluble ZnO was formed. Addition of a sufficient amount of ZnSO4.H2O ensured the recovery of ≥ 95% of the rare earths in a subsequent water leaching step, but there was also co-dissolution of about 5% of the total amount of zinc present. Several purification methods were tested and compared to separate the REEs from the zinc impurity in the solutions. In addition to the conventional precipitation methods with sulfides and oxalic acid, Versatic Acid 10 was tested. Finally, a complete flow sheet is proposed for the (almost complete) valorization of REEs as well as the total zinc present.
关键词： CRT phosphor,zinc,water leaching,Versatic acid,rare earths,roasting
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
-
A blue fluorescent labeling technique utilizing micro- and nanoparticles for tracking in LIVE/DEAD® stained pathogenic biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Burkholderia cepacia
摘要： Strategies that target and treat biofilms are widely applied to bacterial cultures using popular live/dead staining techniques with mostly red or green fluorescent markers (eg, with SYTO? 9, propidium iodide, fluorescein). Therefore, visualizing drugs or micro- and nanoparticulate delivery systems to analyze their distribution and effects in biofilms requires a third fluorescent dye that does not interfere with the properties of the live/dead markers. The present study establishes and evaluates a model for tracking polymeric particles in fluorescently stained biological material. To this end, poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-based micro- and nanoparticles were used as well-established model systems, which, because of their favorable safety profiles, are expected to play important future roles with regard to drug delivery via inhalation. PLGA was covalently and stably labeled with 7-amino-4-methyl-3-coumarinylacetic acid (AMCA), after which blue fluorescent poly(ethylene glycol)-block-PLGA (PEG-PLGA) particles were prepared using a mixture of fluorescent AMCA-PLGA and PEG-PLGA. Because chitosan is known to reduce negative surface charge, blue fluorescent PEG-PLGA-particles with chitosan were also prepared. These micro- and nanoparticles were physicochemically characterized and could be clearly distinguished from live/dead stained bacteria in biofilms using confocal laser scanning microscopy.
关键词： 7-amino-4-methyl-3-coumarinylacetic acid,cystic fibrosis,PEG,PLGA,chitosan,hydrodynamic diameter,confocal laser scanning microscopy
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
-
Nanoparticulate photosensitizer decorated with hyaluronic acid for photodynamic/photothermal cancer targeting therapy
摘要： Aim: A photomedicine consisting of a core for photothermal therapy, a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy, and a cancer-targeting moiety was fabricated to improve photosensitizer selectivity and antitumor efficiency. Materials & methods: Hyaluronic acid-decorated polydopamine nanoparticles with conjugated chlorin e6 (HA–PDA–Ce6) were synthesized and characterized. Cell uptake, phototoxicity, penetration, distribution and therapeutic effects were evaluated. Results: HA–PDA–Ce6 had high photoactivities for photodynamic therapy/photothermal therapy and was readily internalized via CD44-mediated endocytosis. Enhanced accumulation and deeper penetration into tumors were achieved by the diffusion molecular retention tumor targeting effect following peritumoral injection. In the combination therapy, HA–PDA–Ce6 displayed the highest tumor growth inhibition in HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion: HA–PDA–Ce6 is promising for targeted colorectal cancer therapy.
关键词： peritumoral injection,polydopamine nanoparticles,photothermal therapy,photodynamic therapy,hyaluronic acid,chlorin e6
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
-
Back-Channel-Etched Thin-Film Transistors With Tunable Acid-Resistant Zr-Doped Indium Oxide Active Layer
摘要： In this paper, a tunable acid-resistant Zr-doped indium oxide (ZrInO) semiconductor material was developed. Detailed studies showed that the acid resistance of ZrInO thin films is tunable and increases with the increase in annealing temperature. Taking advantage of this special property, we successfully fabricated back-channel-etched (BCE) thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on the tunable acid-resistant ZrInO thin film. ZrInO-TFTs with BCE structure exhibited excellent electrical performance with a saturation mobility of 21.4 cm2V?1s?1, a subthreshold swing of 0.28 V/decade, and an on/off current ratio of 1.0 × 107. These results envision that the developed ZrInO semiconductor with tunable acid resistance has a good prospect for the channel layer of BCE-TFTs.
关键词： oxide semiconductor,Anodic Al2O3,tunable acid-resistant Zr-doped indium oxide (ZrInO),back-channel etch (BCE),thin-film transistors (TFTs)
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
-
Successful Treatment of Hailey-Hailey Disease with Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy
摘要： A 40-year-old man presented with a 3-year history of Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD). Painful axillary and inguinal vesicles, erosions, and plaques existed. There was no family history of HHD. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathologic examination. He had been treated with topical steroids, vitamin D analogs, and oral antibiotics, and short-term remission had been achieved. As soon as he discontinued the treatment, the lesions relapsed. The patient requested other treatments; thus, aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) was offered. After informed consent was obtained, we initiated a course of ALA-PDT, which consisted of five treatment sessions over 2-wk intervals. The patient did not use any topical or systemic therapy during the ALA-PDT treatment. At each visit, 10% ALA cream was applied to the axillae and groin for 3 h, followed by irradiation with red light (623～643 nm). A non-coherent light-emitting diode light source was used with a fluence rate of 20～40 mW/cm2 and a light dose of 37 J/cm2 for 20 min. The patient had mild burning in the lesions during light irradiation, but it was tolerable and did not require local anesthetics or sedatives; the discomfort generally resolved after 2 days. No other side effects were noted. After three sessions of ALA-PDT therapy, the patient was clinically improved with flattening of the keratotic papules and a reduction in erythema and erosions. There was a gradual improvement in the signs and symptoms during the treatment period. A marked decrease in erythema and erosions in the axillary and inguinal regions was achieved after five treatments. The patient had no relapse in the treated areas during a 12-month follow-up period.
关键词： Hailey-Hailey disease,aminolevulinic acid,photodynamic therapy
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
-
Characterization of Polylactide-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles and Its Application in the Fabrication of Electrochemical DNA Biosensors
摘要： In this work, two different approaches to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been explored for the modification of screen-printed electrode based on AuNPs and AuNPs stabilized with polylactic acid (PLA). The modified substrate has been characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and cyclic voltammetry. Both synthesized AuNPs were studied in terms of stability, sensitivity and reproducibility to enhance the sensing capability of modified electrodes. The PLA-stabilized AuNPs form strong structured nanoparticles and stabilize in aqueous solution. A larger active surface area (0.41 cm2) and lower charge transfer resistance (Rct) value were reported in the modification of sensing material with PLA-stabilized AuNPs, which resulted in enhancement of sensitivity. Therefore, AuNPs in PLA can be used as a potential alternative modifier for sensing chemicals and biomolecules in electrochemical sensors.
关键词： gold nanoparticles,polylactic acid,screen-printed carbon electrode,electrochemical DNA biosensor
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
-
Kinetics, mechanism, and identification of photodegradation products of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid
摘要： Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic against many plant pathogens, produced by Pseudomonas and other species. The biosynthesis and regulation of PCA has been well documented, but there is no report about its photochemical properties. Herein, the photodegradation of PCA was carried out in an aqueous solution under the irradiation of visible light to investigate the kinetics, mechanism, and identification of photodegradation products of PCA. Results revealed that photodegradation of PCA accorded well with first-order reaction kinetics. The measured half-life of PCA was 2.2 days at pH 5.0 and increased to 37.6 days at pH 6.8 when exposed to visible light. When oxygen was removed from its solution, the half-life of PCA was doubled. Different units of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme (i.e. 0 units, 300 units, and 3000 units) and varying concentrations of sodium azide (i.e. 0 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg) were used to decipher the mechanism for PCA photodegradation. Hydroxyl PCA and hydroxy phenazine were tentatively identified as the degradation products of PCA photodegradation process by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The obtained degradation products were further characterized and confirmed by HPLC-mass spectrometry and LC-MS/MS-based analytical approaches. In conclusion, the degradation of PCA was found to be light dependent, which could be accelerated by hydrogen ion and oxidant in the solution. The results suggest that PCA was more stable when stored in a neutral or alkaline environment or in the dark. Therefore, it is important to modify the PCA structure or use a suitable dosage for its broad-spectrum applications.
关键词： First-order kinetics,Biological pesticide,Photodegradation,Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid,LC-MS,Degradation products
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46