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A miniature multi-contrast microscope for functional imaging in freely behaving animals
摘要： Neurovascular coupling, cerebrovascular remodeling and hemodynamic changes are critical to brain function, and dysregulated in neuropathologies such as brain tumors. Interrogating these phenomena in freely behaving animals requires a portable microscope with multiple optical contrast mechanisms. Therefore, we developed a miniaturized microscope with: a fluorescence (FL) channel for imaging neural activity (e.g., GCaMP) or fluorescent cancer cells (e.g., 9L-GFP); an intrinsic optical signal (IOS) channel for imaging hemoglobin absorption (i.e., cerebral blood volume); and a laser speckle contrast (LSC) channel for imaging perfusion (i.e., cerebral blood flow). Following extensive validation, we demonstrate the microscope’s capabilities via experiments in unanesthetized murine brains that include: (i) multi-contrast imaging of neurovascular changes following auditory stimulation; (ii) wide-area tonotopic mapping; (iii) EEG-synchronized imaging during anesthesia recovery; and (iv) microvascular connectivity mapping over the life-cycle of a brain tumor. This affordable, flexible, plug-and-play microscope heralds a new era in functional imaging of freely behaving animals.
关键词： freely behaving animals,multi-contrast imaging,neurovascular coupling,miniaturized microscope,functional imaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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In Vivo Chemoselective Photoacoustic Imaging of Copper(II) in Plant and Animal Subjects
摘要： The detection of Cu2+ in living plants and animals is of great importance for environment monitoring and disease diagnosis. Here, a near-infrared (NIR) turn-on photoacoustic (PA) probe (denoted as LET-2) is developed for Cu2+ detection in living subjects, such as soybean sprouts and mice. The absorbance band of LET-2 shifts from 625 to 715 nm after the interaction with Cu2+, thus producing strong PA signal output at 715 nm (PA715) as an indicator. The PA715 value is increased as a function of the concentration of Cu2+ (0 × 10?6–20 × 10?6 m), with a calculated limit of detection of 10.8 × 10?9 m. More importantly, both in vitro and in vivo studies in soybean sprouts and mice indicate that the as-prepared LET-2 PA probe is highly sensitive and selective for Cu2+ detection. These findings provide a solution for in vivo detection of metal ions by using chemoselective PA probes.
关键词： animals,photoacoustic imaging,copper detection,in vivo,plants
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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State-of-the-Art of Studies of the Effect of Terahertz Radiation on Living Biological Systems
摘要： The appearance of modern sources and detectors of terahertz radiation (1011–1013 Hz) stimulated the rapid development of practical applications for radiation in this frequency range. Therefore, the question of the safety of terahertz radiation for living objects was sharply raised. In this review, we present an analysis of research on this issue published from 2010 to the present. A brief description of the most significant works performed before 2010 is given. Particular attention is paid to the sources of terahertz radiation used in the studies and the results of experimental work on the study of possible bioeffects when such radiation is applied to both individual cell lines and microorganisms and animals generally.
关键词： cell lines,biological systems,bioeffects,safety,animals,terahertz radiation,microorganisms
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Method of the Year 2018: Imaging in freely behaving animals
摘要： Neuronal imaging in unrestrained animals has expanded the range of behaviors amenable to circuit-level studies in several model organisms. Advances in imaging technology and in fluorescent sensors have allowed detailed analyses of the neuronal activity underlying a variety of behaviors in animals as diverse as rats, mice, fish, flies and worms. Restraining animals gives experimenters exquisite control over the sensory environment of their subjects, which can be advantageous for studies of visually guided or olfactory-guided behaviors, for example. However, restrained animals are limited in their ability to exhibit more complex behaviors, particularly social behaviors. Technological developments in recent years have made it possible to image neuronal activity in freely behaving animals. For its potential to allow scientists to study the neuronal basis of naturalistic behaviors at the cell, circuit and whole-brain levels, we have chosen imaging in freely behaving animals as Method of the Year 2018.
关键词： naturalistic behaviors,freely behaving animals,circuit-level studies,fluorescent sensors,neuronal imaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Implementation of immobilization accessories for positioning of small animals for radiation therapy
摘要： Radiation therapy is a modality that is presenting great advances in veterinary medicine worldwide. In Brazil, this therapeutic option is underachieved. The success of this method depends on several factors, including the use of appropriate accessories for protection and immobilization of patients. For the immobilization of small animals during treatment, in addition to sedation and anesthesia, immobilizing accessories, similar to those used in human radiotherapy, are used. This study aimed to present proposals for immobilizing accessories adapted to the positioning of small animals in order to be used in radiotherapy planning. In order to achieve results, accessories were made and tested in a living animal simulating a radiotherapy planning, which proved to be favorable to use in positioning small animals undergoing radiotherapy and for implementation processes.
关键词： small animals,immobilizing accessories,veterinary radiotherapy
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Iminocoumarin-based red to near-infrared fluorescent turn-on probe with a large Stokes shift for imaging H2S in living cells and animals
摘要： The development of organic dye-based fluorescent probes for detection of H2S in living systems has attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this work, a novel tetrahydroquinoxaline iminocoumarin-based red to near-infrared (red-to-NIR) fluorescent probe was developed for detection of H2S. This probe shows a rapid and distinct red-to-NIR fluorescent turn-on detection process for H2S with high selectivity and sensitivity (the detection limit was determined to be as low as 10 nM at physiological pH). In addition, this probe exhibits a remarkable large Stokes shift (128 nm) and low cytotoxicity, and can be applied for imaging H2S in living cells and animals. All these results demonstrated that this new probe is promising for detection of H2S both in vitro and in vivo.
关键词： large Stokes shift,hydrogen sulfide,living cells and animals,near-infrared fluorescent probe,iminocoumarin
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14