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Accurate and Robust Characterization of Metasurface-Enabled Frequency Reconfigurable Antennas by Radially Homogeneous Model
摘要： A category of frequency recon?gurable antennas realized by rotating mechanically a meta- surface mounted atop a source radiator has attracted growing attention. Their electromagnetic properties and range of frequency recon?gurability have, nevertheless, not been satisfactorily studied. To this end, an equivalent radially homogeneous model is ?rstly proposed in this paper. The retrieval process is accordingly formulated to address the polarization dependence of the retrieved effective electromagnetic parameters. A couple of typical metasurface-based frequency mechanically recon?gurable antennas are thus characterized by the proposed model. The predicted central operating frequencies are validated against the results of full-wave simulation and the measurement ones of manufactured proof-of-concept prototypes. Further comparisons to the isotropic and the anisotropic models con?rm superior accuracy, robustness, and simplicity of the proposed characterization model. In addition, frequency recon?gurable range is shown to be determined by the anisotropy of the metasurface, related to the geometrical symmetry of its constitutive unit cell.
关键词： electromagnetic homogenization,anisotropic model,NRW,Metasurface
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Investigation of a single-axis discrete solar tracking system for reduced actuations and maximum energy collection
摘要： This paper proposes a discrete single-axis solar tracking system that only actuates three times a day in the azimuthal plane to follow the sun. The preset tracking angles for the system are based on simulation runs for the site with incorporation of weather data to ?nd optimum angles of discrete tracking. Simulation results indicate that there are no signi?cant di?erences in total solar energy generation when using tracking angles based on either the isotropic or anisotropic models. Moreover, experimental results in the summer season showed that tracking the sun in only three optimized angle movements yielded around 91–94% of solar energy collection as a continuous single-axis solar tracker that moves three times an hour based on solar calculations. Experimental results agree within 11–17% with simulation data.
关键词： Solar tracking,Discrete tracking,Isotropic model,Single axis,HDKR anisotropic model
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36