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Mini-review: Laser-induced formation of microbubbles - biomedical implications
摘要： Recent work is summarized that shows how microbubbles may have potential utility in biomedical situations as (i) highly localized generators of intense whitelight in an aqueous environment, (ii) disruptors of matter in aqueous solution, (iii) essential precursors in laser-writing structures on substrates on which biological cells can be spatially aligned, and (iv) mediators in fabrication of hierarchical nano-structures that enhance signals in biological Raman spectroscopy. Indeed, microbubbles generated upon laser irradiation of surfaces have many more ramifications than originally thought, with implications in laser modification of surfaces producing either hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity. Many more possibilities remain to be explored and exploited.
关键词： Raman spectroscopy,biomedical applications,laser-induced formation,microbubbles,surface modification
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Patenting an Accessory for a Light Microscope
摘要： The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) encourages independent inventors who are not patent professionals to file and prosecute their own patent applications. Self-help books are useful guides for navigating through the PTO’s many laws and rules. When an inventor has an idea, he should document it, have the document witnessed, search all public records for novelty and unobviousness, and finally file an application with the PTO. The inventor defends his idea with an Examiner from the PTO and, if all requirements are met, receives a patent that grants the inventor a monopoly to make, use, and sell his invention for a period of time.
关键词： electrically variable focus lens,U.S. Patent and Trademark Office,light microscopy,patent applications,Inventions
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 11th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP) - Budapest (2018.7.18-2018.7.20)] 2018 11th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks & Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP) - Infrared Mobile Transmissions for Smart Indoor Applications
摘要： Optical wireless communication systems has many applications in smart environments, such as visible light-based ones because providing both illumination and downlinks. However, the uplink design remains difficult especially considering mobile transmitters. In this paper, we study an infrared uplink using an optical transmitter in a mobile sensor device that is placed either on a robotic platform, or worn by a person. The infrared channel modelling takes into account line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight links along with blockages linked to human or robot presence. We show the importance of taking into account human body in channel modelling for the evaluation of the results according to the different cases. In addition, we highlight a compromise in the choice of the characteristics of the optical elements between obtaining the best performance and underestimating performance evaluation when taking or not into account the body in the channel modelling. Experiments permits validating theoretical conclusions.
关键词： Line-of Sight,non-Line-of Sight,channel modelling,infrared transmissions,LiFi for medical applications
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Multi-Modality Imaging (Applications and Computational Techniques) || Infrared Thermography
摘要： Infrared thermography (also infrared imaging or thermal imaging) is a new remote, non-contact and non-invasive diagnostic and monitoring technique with increasing relevance in a wide range of medical ?elds. This is mainly due to the several advantages of this technology. Thermal imaging is a passive technique which detects the radiation naturally emitted from an object, in this case the human skin, and does not use any harmful radiation. Thus, infrared thermography (IRT) is suitable for prolonged and repeated use. In the last decades, new medical applications for thermal imaging have arisen. These techniques have been successfully used in the diagnosis of several pathologies, including breast cancer, rheumatic diseases, dry eye syndrome, vascular diseases, etc. Infrared thermography has also demonstrated its potential in the monitoring of several vital signs, including temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood perfusion. Recently, there has been new advance in 3D infrared imaging. A three-dimensional thermal signature may provide several advantages in the detection and monitoring of the course of several pathologies including arthritis, thyroid dysfunctions, breast cancer, sports lesions, and diabetic foot. The current chapter focuses on advances in the area of medical IRT. First, it reviews the basics of IRT and essential theoretical background. Second, some medical applications and corresponding methods are described in detail. Third, it gives an overview on the recent advances on “3D Infrared Thermography”.
关键词： 3D infrared thermography,Infrared thermography,Diagnostic,Monitoring,Medical applications
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Growth of pure and BFO doped KCl crystals by Czochralski technique and fabrication of microstrip patch antenna for GHz applications
摘要： Large sized pure and 0.1 mol% BiFeO3 (BFO) doped KCl single crystals were grown by Czochralski technique. Structural parameters were confirmed by powder XRD and single crystal XRD. EDX analysis was used to determine the elemental composition of BFO and KCl crystal. Photoluminescence confirmed that BFO acts as defect quenching agent for KCl single crystal which improved its optical transparency. Doping of BFO in KCl single crystal increased its hardness as measured by a Vicker’s microhardness test. The effect of BFO on dielectric constant and dielectric loss of KCl crystal, at various temperature and frequencies was studied. The low dielectric constant viz. 4.5 and 5.8 for pure and BFO doped KCl was helpful in designing and fabricating patch antenna in GHz frequency. As a result of BFO doping, the resonant frequency of microstrip patch antenna can be tuned at 5.40 GHz from 6.01 GHz for the KCl single crystal.
关键词： Czochralski technique,GHz applications,microstrip patch antenna,BiFeO3 (BFO),KCl single crystal
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering || Polymer Electrodes: Preparation, Properties, and Applications☆
摘要： Good electric conductivity acquired through redox processes is the flagship property of polymers containing extended conjugated p-electron systems. It was discovered by Heeger and MacDiarmid in polyacetylene synthesized by Shirakawa’s method. Polyacetylene is chemically the simplest example amongst a vast collection of such materials, but it is environmentally unstable. Instead, polyheteroaromatics, such as polypyrrole and polythiophene, and polyaniline (polyphenylamine), as well as their derivatives, are of foremost interest because of applications in analytical sensors, power sources, separation devices, optoelectronic devices, and controllable platforms of chemical and biochemical reactions.
关键词： Preparation,Applications,Polythiophene,Polypyrrole,Properties,Polymer Electrodes,Conducting Polymers,Polyaniline
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Synthesis, characterization and comparative studies of dual doped ZnO nanoparticles for photocatalytic applications
摘要： Pure and dual doped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized via the wet chemical method. The synthesized samples were characterized by XRD, HR-SEM/EDS, HR-TEM, UV–Vis, PL, FT-IR, and FT-Raman spectral measurements. The prepared ZnO nanoparticles exhibit a hexagonal wurtzite structure and [Ce–La, La–Gd, Gd–Ce] rare earth dual doped ZnO nanoparticles was confirmed from the shift in XRD peaks position, cell parameter and also changes in the peaks intensity. HR-SEM/EDS and HR-TEM show spherical in shape with less agglomeration on the surface of all samples and the images are clearly revealed that the particle size ~ 40 nm (PZ), 14 nm (ZCL3), 16 nm (ZLG3) and 28 nm (ZGC3). UV–Vis spectra show a strong Ultraviolet region absorbance for ZCL3 sample with the low Energy band gap value of 2.81 eV. The presences of the functional group and molecular vibrations are characterized by employing the FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra. From the PL spectra, it was found that the peak position of all samples produces a visible emission. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized doped nanoparticles found to exhibit better degradation of MB dye under solar irradiation ZCL3 showed an increase in the photo catalytic decolorization efficiency. The bactericidal activity of dual doped ZnO nanoparticles was investigated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and compare with standard ampicillin. We observe that ZCL3 sample have excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (P. mirabilis) and the mean zone of inhibition ~ 20 mm.
关键词： photocatalytic applications,ZnO nanoparticles,dual doping,antibacterial activity
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 12th International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials) - Espoo, Finland (2018.8.27-2018.9.1)] 2018 12th International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials) - Recent Developments in the Design of Waveform-Selective Mantle Cloaks for Antenna Applications
摘要： In this contribution, we investigate the idea of a waveform selective cloak for antenna applications. To achieve this purpose, a conventional mantle cloak designed to hide a wire antenna is loaded with a lumped-element circuit. Exploiting the peculiar time-domain response of the circuit, the cloak is able to modify its behavior either as an invisibility device or a perfect electric conductor when the impinging signal switches from a pulse (PW) to a continuous (CW) wave, respectively. The proposed configuration paves the way to a new generation of tunable and reconfigurable cloaking devices for antenna applications.
关键词： waveform-selective cloak,antenna applications,tunable cloaking devices,lumped-element circuit,mantle cloak
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Diffusion and inpainting of reflectance and height LiDAR orthoimages
摘要： This paper presents a fully automatic framework for the generation of so-called LiDAR orthoimages (i.e. 2D raster maps of the reflectance and height LiDAR samples) from ground-level LiDAR scans. Beyond the Digital Surface Model (DSM or heightmap) provided by the height orthoimage, the proposed method cost-effectively generates a reflectance channel that is easily interpretable by human operators without relying on any optical acquisition, calibration and registration. Moreover, it commonly achieves very high resolutions (1 cm2 per pixel), thanks to the typical sampling density of static or mobile LiDAR scans. Compared to orthoimages generated from aerial datasets, the proposed LiDAR orthoimages are acquired from the ground level and thus do not suffer occlusions from hovering objects (trees, tunnels and bridges), enabling their use in a number of urban applications such as road network monitoring and management, as well as precise mapping of the public space e.g. for accessibility applications or management of underground networks. Its generation and usability however faces two issues: (i) the inhomogeneous sampling density of LiDAR point clouds and (ii) the presence of masked areas (holes) behind occluders, which include, in a urban context, cars, tree trunks, poles or pedestrians (i) is addressed by first projecting the point cloud on a 2D-pixel grid so as to generate sparse and noisy reflectance and height images from which dense images estimated using a joint anisotropic diffusion of the height and reflectance channels. (ii) LiDAR shadow areas are detected by analysing the diffusion results so that they can be inpainted using an examplar-based method, guided by an alignment prior. Results on real mobile and static acquisition data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed pipeline in generating a very high resolution LiDAR orthoimage of reflectance and height while filling holes of various sizes in a visually satisfying way.
关键词： height,inpainting,reflectance,orthoimages,LiDAR,urban applications,diffusion
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings || Is the electronic structure of few layer transition metal dichalcogenides always two dimensional ?
摘要： The electronic structure of the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is investigated using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). We observe a new class of layered materials that can be prepared in various thicknesses down to single layers. Compared with the more well-known graphene, the TMDs are semiconductors and can be more useful in applications where an energy gap is essential. Our results show that the electronic structure of the TMDs is highly dependent on the number of layers, with a transition from indirect to direct bandgap as the thickness is reduced to a single layer. This transition is accompanied by a significant enhancement in photoluminescence intensity, making monolayer TMDs promising candidates for optoelectronic applications.
关键词： Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,Bandgap engineering,Electronic structure,Optoelectronic applications,Transition metal dichalcogenides
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36