- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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[Energy, Environment, and Sustainability] Advances in Solar Energy Research || Introduction to Advances in Solar Energy Research
摘要： A lot of activity has been taking place in the research community over the decades to efficiently harness solar energy. One way this is fuelled is by the support from the governments which promote the implementation of large-scale projects—whether it be for electric power generation (using PV), or for water heating using solar thermal collectors. These activities involve the efforts of the industry, which keep pace with the latest technology in the world, and are in a race to provide the most reliable technological solution to the customer for harnessing solar energy in an economical and robust manner. This has been the backdrop theme of almost all the chapters included in this book, which have been contributed by various authors from across the world. This is the first chapter of the book, and thus provides an overview of the various topics that will be covered in this book, ranging from an energy roadmap for the future, to technologies advances in the field of photovoltaics and solar cells (DSSC—Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells). It also includes details of solar thermal collector, along with the discussion about its heat transfer aspects. Apart from the two primary uses of solar energy—electric power generation and water heating—there are numerous applications for which it has been used over the years. Several such applications are also discussed in some of the subsequent chapters, such as refrigeration, desalination, gasification, and cooking.
关键词： Photovoltaics,Applications,Solar thermal systems,Solar energy,DSSC,Solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Green Higha??Power Disk Lasers and Industrial Applications
摘要： In the publicly-funded ProLasKu project, the laser manufacturer Trumpf has developed a high-power laser with a wavelength of 515 nm. Substantial progress in the industrial applications of green lasers has been achieved in a cooperation between the Technical University of Munich and the companies Siemens and Continental. In addition, a camera-based system for process monitoring and quality assurance in real-time based on image processing methods has been developed.
关键词： green high-power disk lasers,industrial applications,copper,laser beam welding,process efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Exploring the Carrier Dynamics in Zinc Oxide-Metal Halide Based Perovskites Nanostructures: Towards Reduced Dielectric Loss and Improved Photocurrent
摘要： Metal-halide based perovskites have emerged as a potential candidate for optoelectronic applications due to their impressive performance achieved by tuning the optical/electrical properties through tailoring the perovskite nanostructures. Herein, we report the synthesis of composite nanostructures by incorporation of ZnO (~6 nm) into CsPbBr3 (CPB) perovskite framework, which has significant enhancement of photocurrent, due to efficient interfacial charge separation and reduced dielectric loss. Detailed steady state and time resolved PL studies have been carried out to understand charge transfer dynamics in CsPbBr3/ZnO nanostructure composite system. Femtosecond transient absorption and broadband dielectric spectroscopy studies were carried out to determine the charge carrier relaxation and transfer mechanism. Redox energy level diagram suggests photo-excited electron from conduction band (CB) CPB can be transferred to the CB of ZnO NP due to thermodynamic viability. Ultrafast studies reveal the electron transfer take place from the perovskite nanostructures to ZnO NP within ～500 fs and limits of the recombination process by efficient charge separation and charge accumulation at the interfaces. Dielectric studies also reveal reduced charge leakage in composite nanostructures with efficient charge separation by facilitating the charge accumulation at the interfaces. Overall, the efficient charge transfer and slow carrier recombination with reduced dielectric losses significantly improved the photocurrent behavior CsPbBr3/ZnO nanostructure composite system as desired for optoelectronic devices.
关键词： ZnO,charge transfer dynamics,optoelectronic applications,dielectric loss,photocurrent,Metal-halide based perovskites,CsPbBr3
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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GaN Transistors for Efficient Power Conversion || RF Performance
摘要： The main focus to this point in the book has been the switching capabilities of GaN transistors. Now, the RF capabilities of these same GaN transistors and, in particular, enhancement-mode transistors will be examined, highlighting specific RF applications that can benefit from their adoption.
关键词： power conversion,RF performance,GaN transistors,RF applications,enhancement-mode
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Fluorescent Nanodiamonds || Cell Labeling and Fluorescence Imaging
摘要： Nanocarbons are a family consisting of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, nanodiamonds, and other variations. Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) joined the family in 2005. While receiving less attention than other members of the family, FNDs are gaining popularity as a novel nanoparticle platform for biomedical applications in recent years. An ideal biomedical nanoparticle platform should possess three functionalities: targeting, imaging, and therapeutic. Of course, the nanoparticles must be endowed with high biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. As evident from all the discussions so far in this book, surface‐functionalized FND clearly meets all these requirements. Applying the platform to biomedical studies is expected to enhance our understanding of the pathophysiological basis of disease, open up more sophisticated diagnostic opportunities, and lead to improved therapies and treatments.
关键词： Imaging,Targeting,Fluorescent nanodiamonds,Nanocarbons,Therapeutic,Biomedical applications
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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The Double PEC Wedge Problem: Diffraction and Total Far Field
摘要： Complex scattering targets are often made by structures constituted of wedges that may interact at near field. In this paper, we examine the scattering of a plane electromagnetic wave by two separated arbitrarily oriented perfectly electrically conducting wedges with parallel axes. The procedure to obtain the solution is based on the recently developed semianalytical method known as generalized Wiener–Hopf technique that allows a comprehensive mathematical model of the problem in the spectral domain avoiding multiple steps of interaction among separated objects. The numerical results are presented to validate the procedure in terms of spectral quantities, GTD/uniform theory of diffraction coefficients and total far fields for engineering applications. The structure is of interest in electromagnetic applications, in particular, to accurately predict path loss in propagation with diffraction phenomena.
关键词： electromagnetic diffraction,radar applications,wedges,propagation,electromagnetic shielding,wireless communication,Wiener–Hopf (WH) method,integral equations,EMC,near-field interactions,Antenna technologies
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Double-sided split-step MM-wave Fresnel lenses: design, fabrication and focal field measurements
摘要： Design, fabrication and focal field measurements of W-band Fresnel lenses to produce well-shaped Gaussian beams in the focal domain are presented. Two lenses, one of Teflon and another of Polyamide, have been compared in their performance with a double-sided Fresnel lens of different design, with full height of Fresnel steps. Experiments show that a good focusing ability of all the lenses is achieved. They produce the target beam according to the design. Yet, the lenses of split-step design are thinner, have lower insertion losses, and a greater focal depth as compared to more conventional Fresnel lenses.
关键词： focal fields,Fresnel lenses,Gaussian beam,MM-wave,THz applications
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Atomic Force Microscopy in Molecular and Cell Biology || AFM Imaging-Force Spectroscopy Combination for Molecular Recognition at the Single-Cell Level
摘要： Molecular recognition at the single-cell level is an increasingly important issue in Biomedical Sciences. With atomic force microscopy, cell surface receptors may be recognized through the interaction with their ligands, inclusively for the identification of cell-cell adhesion proteins. The spatial location of a specific interaction can be determined by adhesion force mapping, which combines topographic images with local force spectroscopy measurements. Another valuable possibility is to simultaneously record topographic and recognition images (TREC imaging) of cells, enabling the mapping of specific binding events on cells in real time. This review is focused on recent developments on these molecular recognition approaches, presenting examples of different biological and biomedical applications.
关键词： Molecular recognition,TREC imaging,Atomic force microscopy,Adhesion force mapping,Biomedical applications
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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ELECTRICALLY RECONFIGURABLE RADIATION PATTERNS OF SLOT ANTENNA ARRAY USING AGILE PLASMA WALL
摘要： In this paper, an antenna with recon?gurable radiation pattern in the H-plane at 2.45 GHz for high power applications is presented. It is based on a 3-slot array in the E-plane covered partially with a wall of plasma in order to reduce the length of the slots and consequently ensure electrically a modi?cation of the radiation pattern in the H-plane. The power distribution of the array is ensured with a power splitter.
关键词： recon?gurable radiation pattern,high power applications,slot antenna array,plasma wall
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Recent advances in linear and nonlinear Raman spectroscopy. Part XII
摘要： This annual review is an overview of advances in the field of Raman spectroscopy as found in papers published in the previous calendar year in the Journal of Raman Spectroscopy (JRS), as well as in trends over the past decade across journals that have published papers important to the field of Raman spectroscopy. This information is gleaned from statistical data on article counts obtained from the Clarivate Analytic's Web of Science Core Collection by year and by subfield of Raman spectroscopy. Additional information is gleaned from presentations at the XXVI International Conference on Raman Spectroscopy (ICORS 2018) in Jeju Island, Korea in August 2018, and contributions on Raman scattering at SCIX 2018, organized by the Federation of Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy Societies (FACSS) in Atlanta, Georgia, USA in October 2018. Coverage is also provided for topics from the European Conference on Nonlinear Optical Spetroscopy (ECONOS 2018) held in April in Milan, Italy and GeoRaman 2018 in Catania, Italy in June. Finally, papers published in JRS in 2017 are highlighted and arranged by topics at the frontier of Raman spectroscopy. On the basis of this survey information, it is clear that Raman spectroscopy continues as in recent years as a rapidly expanding field of research across a wide range of novel disciplines and applications that provide sensitive photonic information of matter at the molecular level.
关键词： review,applications of Raman spectroscopy,advances in Raman spectroscopy,developments in Raman spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01