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- 2018
- Battery energy storage systems
- techno-economic modeling
- photovoltaics
- net-metering
- solar power
- PV-wind-diesel-battery system
- Capacity optimization
- PSO algorithm
- Economic and technical indexes
- photovoltaic generation
- Electrical Engineering and Automation
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
- Wuhan university of technology
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- Western Macedonia University of Applied Sciences
- Technological Educational Institute of Thessaly
- SINOMACH Intelligence Technology Research Institute
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Refractive Index Measurement of Lithium Ion Battery Electrolyte with Etched Surface Cladding Waveguide Bragg Gratings and Cell Electrode State Monitoring by Optical Strain Sensors
摘要： In this scientific publication, a new sensor approach for status monitoring, such as state of charge and state of health, of lithium ion batteries by using special Bragg gratings inscribed into standard optical glass fibers is presented. In addition to well-known core gratings, embedded into the anode of 5 Ah lithium ion pouch cells as a strain monitoring unit, the manufacturing of a surface cladding waveguide Bragg grating sensor incorporated into the cell’s separator, that is sensitive to changes of the refractive index of the surrounding medium, is demonstrated. On the basis of the experiments carried out, characteristics of the cell behavior during standard cyclization and recognizable marks in subsequent post-mortem analyses of the cell components are shown. No negative influence on the cell performance due to the integrated sensors have been observed; however, the results show a clear correlation between fading cell capacity and changes of the interior optical signals. Additionally, with the novel photonic sensor, variations in the electrolyte characteristics are determinable as the refractive index of the solution changes at different molar compositions. Furthermore, with the manufactured battery cells, abuse tests by overcharging were conducted, and it was thereby demonstrated how internal battery sensors can derive additional information beyond conventional battery management systems to feasibly prevent catastrophic cell failures. The result of the research work is an early stage photonic sensor that combines chemical, mechanical and thermal information from inside the cell for an enhanced battery status analysis.
关键词： lithium ion,battery aging,cladding waveguide,battery electrolyte,optical sensors,battery safety,fiber Bragg grating,electrode active material,status monitoring
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Battery lifetime enhancement via smart hybrid energy storage plug-in module in standalone photovoltaic power system
摘要： Standalone photovoltaic power system is one of the feasible solutions in rural electri?cation. However, due to the intermittent nature of solar energy and signi?cant demand variations due to small load size, energy storage devices are needed to ensure power quality and reliability. Lead-acid battery bank has been widely used in such systems to act as the intermediate bu?er to compensate the power mismatch between generation and demand, despite the poor lifetime characteristics and relatively short service life compared to other energy storage devices. Most charge controllers only provide basic battery charging functionality and prevent the battery bank from overcharging and deep-discharging. While other notable aging factors such as frequent charge-discharge transition, high C-rate and surge power are often neglected. This paper presents a smart hybrid energy storage plug-in module that aims to enhance the service life of Lead-acid battery in standalone photovoltaic-battery power systems by mitigating life-limiting factors such as current ?uctuations and surge current. This module is designed as a plug-in module that can be adopted directly in existing infrastructure in installed standalone PV-battery power system. The e?ectiveness of the proposed plug-in module in mitigating battery stresses is simulated in Matlab Simulink with actual solar irradiance data and estimated load pro?le for a rural community in Sarawak Malaysia. The simulation results are validated experimentally with the scaled-down photovoltaic-battery power system. The e?ectiveness in mitigating battery stress is quantitatively evaluated with battery health cost function, while the reduction in overall battery cost is analyzed and discussed.
关键词： Renewable energy,Hybrid energy storage system,Photovoltaic,Supercapacitor,Lead-acid battery,Li-ion battery
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Portland, OR, USA (2018.9.23-2018.9.27)] 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Comparative Analysis of Non-Isolated and Isolated Type Partial-Power Optimizers for PV-Battery Series Inverter Architecture
摘要： A seamless battery integration with higher power conversion efficiency and lower system power rating can be achieved by adopting the DC-series battery integration topology into a photovoltaic (PV) string inverter system, the PV-battery series inverter. The PV-battery series inverter uses the partial-power processing technique to achieve flexible current control between PV string and battery. In the process of designing the partial-power DC-DC optimizer, different types of DC-DC converters and different size of batteries can be considered, and the system efficiency and the power rating vary based on the system design. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the different type partial-power optimizers for the PV-battery series inverter in residential rooftop applications (< 10kW PV output power, < 500V DC-bus voltage), in consideration of the DC-DC converter topology. Non-isolated and isolated bidirectional DC-DC converters are considered and selection of battery voltage in each case is made to have the optimized system design. The operation of the designed DC-DC optimizer is verified through controller hardware-in-the-loop test.
关键词： pv-battery series inverter,residential rooftop PV application,comparative analysis,non-isolated and isolated bidirectional dc-dc converters,partial-power dc-dc optimizer,PV-battery integration,dc-series
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Optimization of a parallel-plate RF probe for high resolution thin film imaging
摘要： Choosing an MR probe with the correct dimensions and high sensitivity is critical for magnetic resonance imaging, especially high resolution thin film imaging. In this work, a parallel‐plate resonator has been optimized for strength and uniformity of the B1 magnetic field. The parallel‐plate resonator is designed for high resolution imaging in the direction perpendicular to the plates. The optimization process was undertaken through simulation with CST Micro Wave Studio, followed by experiment. A 400 μm capillary tube, filled with doped water, was used for testing the optimized probe in a 2.4 T magnet. It is shown that increasing the width of the copper leads connected to the plates increases the homogeneity of the B1 magnetic field by almost 90%. The best approach to increase the sensitivity and the homogeneity of the probe was to maintain the dimensions of the plates and copper leads but to add additional capacitors at the corners to distribute the current. This approach produces a 40% stronger B1 magnetic field and increases the homogeneity by almost 85%. The experimental B1 magnetic field of the parallel‐plate prototype agrees within 20% of the value found through simulation, for specified power. The experimental MRI results show that it is possible to achieve a nominal resolution of 10 μm between the plates for suitable samples using the optimized probe. The optimized parallel‐plate resonator, combined with a phase encode SE SPI method, may be used for high resolution studies of lithium‐ion transport in the electrolyte solution of lithium‐ion batteries.
关键词： lithium-ion battery,optimization,MRI,parallel-plate resonator
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science (SCEECS) - Bhopal, India (2018.2.24-2018.2.25)] 2018 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science (SCEECS) - A Five –level PWM Inverter for Hybrid PV/Fuel Cell/Battery Standalone power System
摘要： Renewable energy sources (RES) based generation has emerged as one of the best option due to global environmental concerns, especially for off-grid load locations like islands, mountains, etc., where diesel generators are main source of power generation. This paper presents a case study of an efficient photovoltaic (PV) generation integrated with multilevel inverter to ensure regulated power at user end. Perturb and observe (PO) algorithm based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) has been used to track maximum power for PV applications. However in PV based power generation, control problem arises due to large variation of irradiance round the clock. This problem can be overcome by hybrid PV generation system, i.e., application of secondary power source as battery and fuel cell integrated with PV generation unit. The DC output of standalone hybrid PV-SOFC-Battery generation system is inverted by a single-phase multilevel converter. This output of developed standalone hybrid PV-SOFC-Battery generation system is used to supply the single-phase load. This inverter offers less THD which is compared with three level inverter.
关键词： Battery,Hybrid Power System,Photovoltaic system,Fuel cell,MPPT
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Solvation structures formed in the MgCl2:AlCl3-dimethoxyethane system: A look through Raman and IR spectroscopies
摘要： A concentration-dependent vibrational spectroscopic study is carried out for the 1:1 MgCl2:AlCl3-DME system and detailed information on the precursor and the electrochemically active species formed in this rechargeable Mg battery electrolyte are presented for the first time in solution. An equilibrium between trans-[MgCl2(DME)2] and cis-[MgCl2(DME)2] isomers is proposed as well as the formation of [Mg2(μ-Cl)2]2+ and [AlCl4]- by using Raman and IR spectroscopies. The combination of the quantitative analysis made at the CO stretching region of DME with the spectral trend exhibited in low wavenumber suggests the existence of the [Mg2(μ-Cl)2(DME)4]2+ complex, similar to structure previously resolved by X-ray diffraction, in which two [AlCl4]- anions maintain the neutrality of the system.
关键词： Mg battery electrolytes,IR spectra,Raman spectra,Solution chemistry
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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In Situ Measurement of Phase Boundary Kinetics during Initial Lithiation of Crystalline Silicon through Picosecond Ultrasonics
摘要： Studying the kinetics of phase transformation and phase boundary propagation during initial lithiation of silicon electrodes in lithium ion batteries is relevant to understanding their performance. Such studies are usually challenging due to the difficulties in measuring the phase boundary velocity in the interior of the sample. Here we introduce a non-invasive, in situ method to measure the progression of the phase boundary in a planar specimen geometry while maintaining well-controlled lithium flux and potential. We developed an apparatus integrating an electrochemical cell with picosecond ultrasonics to probe the propagating phase boundary in real time. Phase propagation during initial lithiation of crystalline silicon, which is an example of a high capacity anode, is investigated. The primary objective of this manuscript is to report on the experimental technique development and some preliminary results. For lithiation normal to the (100) plane, we observe the phase boundary velocity to be approximately 12 pm/s and x to be 3.73 in LixSi under galvanostatic lithiation with a current density of 40 μA/cm2. The growth rate of the lithiated phase and the reaction rate coefficient are examined using a Deal-Grove type model.
关键词： Lithium ion battery,In situ,Phase boundary propagation,Crystalline silicon,Picosecond ultrasonics
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Investigating the Role of Glass and Quartz Substrates on the Formation of Interfacial Droplets
摘要： Nanostructuring has been proved effective towards improving many energy storage and conversion devices, and is feasible for a wide range of materials. In particular, secondary nanoarchitectured materials exhibit collective advantages compared with nano-sized primary building blocks. Despite the manifold efforts in designed nanoarchitectures and synthetic routes, the underlying ion diffusion kinetics and phase transformation behaviors within nanoarchitectures still remain less explored. Herein, we probed enhanced lithium-ion transport behaviors using 2D holey zinc ferrite (ZFO) nanosheets as a model material, to demonstrate how self-assembled 2D holey nanoarchitectured electrodes can feature efficient ion diffusion channels, robust yet continuous electron transfer framework, and enlarged surface area, contributing to the superior performance over the ZFO nanoparticles without secondary structures. By revealing kinetic parameters through combined spectroscopic measurements and electrochemical techniques, our study manifests increased lithium-ion diffusion coefficients, higher capacitive charge storage contribution and reduced charge transfer impedance in holey nanosheets compared to randomly aggregated nanoparticles. Our results promote deeper understanding of significantly enhanced electrochemical energy storage properties of these 2D holey nanoarchitectured electrodes resulted from more uniform and complete phase transformation and better active material utilization.
关键词： nanostructuring,2D holey nanosheets,energy storage,transport kinetics,Li-ion battery
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Integrated sizing of hybrid PV-wind-battery system for remote island considering the saturation of each renewable energy resource
摘要： The proliferation of renewable energy particularly the combination of solar-wind power and storage bank, is likely to be occupied throughout the world, to mitigate the local energy concerns, improve the energy supply opportunities for off-grid communities and vitiate environmental pollution concerns as well as ease the intensity of energy consumption. To mitigate the disharmony between renewable energy (RE) generation and supply, a cost-optimal autonomous hybrid renewable energy system is developed and comparatively analyzed, considering the saturation level of each involved RE source based on various technical and economic key indicators. This study proposes a mathematical model to comprehensively analyze the effect of varying saturation, i.e. increasing the saturation of one resource meanwhile decreasing the ratio of other resource, on battery bank size, state of charge (SOC), loss of power supply, excess energy, net present cost, levelized cost of energy (COE) and payback time. A saturation factor is introduced, from 0 to 1 value with step size 0.02, where zero represents the wind-only system and one represents the solar-only system. Three different systems are considered, with different wind turbine sizes (total 150 configurations), to comparatively analyze the different energy systems and the result reveals that smaller wind turbine size (2 kW) with 90% saturation of wind energy is the most cost-effective system for the proposed remote island. In addition, the solar-alone and wind-alone systems are compared, showing that the wind-only system can provide good performance as compare to solar-only. Furthermore, the effects of the saturation factor on COE, battery bank size, SOC, excess energy, system reliability and different load demands are analyzed. Energy balance analysis of whole year and simulation performance of the system is accomplished to verify the system reliability. Sensitivity analysis reveals that wind energy, battery cost and load has a significant impact on COE than other factors.
关键词： Hybrid Renewable system reliability,Cost of energy,Net present cost,Renewable energy saturation,Energy balance,Solar-wind-battery system
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Adaptive Decentralized Control of Residential Storage in PV-Rich MV-LV Networks
摘要： The rapid adoption of residential-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems in low voltage (LV) networks combined with the falling prices of residential-scale battery energy storage (BES) systems is paving the way for a future in which customers could locally supply most of their energy needs. However, off-the-shelf (OTS) storage systems operate for the sole benefit of the customer (reducing grid imports). This means that charging might not occur during times of high PV generation, resulting in technical issues on LV and medium voltage (MV) networks. This work proposes an adaptive decentralized control strategy for residential-scale BES systems to reduce voltage and thermal issues whilst still benefiting customers. With this strategy, the power charging and discharging rates constantly adapt throughout the day based on clear-sky irradiance, PV generation, demand, and state of charge; significantly reducing reverse power flows and ensuring adequate storage capacity the next morning. A real Australian MV feeder with realistically modelled LV networks is studied using smart meter data. Results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy overcomes the limitations of the OTS BES. It is also shown it can be as effective as an ideal optimization-based approach, being able to manage all technical issues without significantly affecting customers.
关键词： PV Systems,Self-Sufficiency,Distribution Networks,Battery Energy Storage Systems
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52