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过滤筛选
- 2018
- electromagnetic pulse
- cell proliferation
- cell membrane permeability
- cell response to electromagnetic stress
- apoptosis
- cancer therapy
- necrosis
- Intelligent Medical Engineering
- V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
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An Update on Topical Photodynamic Therapy for Clinical Dermatologists
摘要： Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the application of a topical photosensitizer, irradiation with light, and oxygen to produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species that selectively destroy damaged cells while leaving normal skin intact. Topical PDT is a commonly used treatment for non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) due to its excellent clearance rate and cosmetic outcomes. However, PDT is emerging as an off-label treatment modality for many dermatological conditions. A literature review using MEDLINE was performed to identify randomized controlled trials conducted for currently approved and off-label clinical indications and photosensitizers for PDT between 2012 and 2018. The photosensitizer indole-3 acetic acid reduces the incubation time (<30 minutes), avoids the need for photoprotection after irradiation, and inflicts minimal pain. Cyclic PDT in individuals with evidence of field cancerization delays the mean time of actinic keratosis appearance and reduces the total number of new actinic keratoses. Substantial evidence exists outlining the utility of PDT in photorejuvenation due to its ability to improve skin texture, wrinkles, and firmness. The addition of microdermabrasion, microneedling, curettage, or various lasers improves clinical efficacy and cosmetic outcomes. PDT applications are expanding rapidly. Clinicians must stay up to date regarding the efficacy and safety of PDT applications.
关键词： non-melanoma skin cancer,daylight PDT,dermatology,PDT,actinic keratosis,photodynamic therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Regression Analysis of Protoporphyrin IX Measurements Obtained During Dermatological Photodynamic Therapy
摘要： Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light activated drug therapy that can be used to treat a number of dermatological cancers and precancers. Improvement of efficacy is required to widen its application. Clinical protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence data were obtained using a pre-validated, non-invasive imaging system during routine methyl aminolevulinate (MAL)-PDT treatment of 172 patients with licensed dermatological indications (37.2% actinic keratosis, 27.3% superficial basal cell carcinoma and 35.5% Bowen’s disease). Linear and logistic regressions were employed to model any relationships between variables that may have affected PpIX accumulation and/or PpIX photobleaching during irradiation and thus clinical outcome at three months. Patient age was found to be associated with lower PpIX accumulation/photobleaching, however only a reduction in PpIX photobleaching appeared to consistently adversely affect treatment efficacy. Clinical clearance was reduced in lesions located on the limbs, hands and feet with lower PpIX accumulation and subsequent photobleaching adversely affecting the outcome achieved. If air cooling pain relief was employed during light irradiation, PpIX photobleaching was lower and this resulted in an approximate three-fold reduction in the likelihood of achieving clinical clearance. PpIX photobleaching during the first treatment was concluded to be an excellent predictor of clinical outcome across all lesion types.
关键词： photobleaching,aminolevulinic acid (ALA; Ameluz),dermatology,protoporphyrin IX (PpIX),imaging,methyl aminolevulinate (MAL; Metvix),photodynamic therapy (PDT),fluorescence,non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Technical notes Integrated image navigation system using head-mounted display in “RoboSurgeon” endoscopic radical prostatectomy
摘要： The safety and efficacy of minimally invasive surgery relies on visual information. We aimed to develop an integrated image navigation system (RoboSurgeon System) that combines head-mounted displays (HMDs) with multiple image modalities, and assessed its feasibility in 5 prostate cancer patients who underwent gasless single-port endoscopic radical prostatectomy. A robotically manipulated transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) system was used. In all cases, preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) images and intraoperative real-time images of an endoscope, TRUS, and HMD-mounted camera were integrated and displayed synchronously on each HMD in a four-split screen mode during the entire process. The TRUS helped identify the boundary with the adjacent structures endoscopically in reference to MR images. There were no negative incidents in intraoperative or postoperative courses. Integrated image navigation using HMDs as individualized monitors is feasible in the natural ergonomic position and may be beneficial to identify correct dissection planes. The efficacy of the RoboSurgeon System deserves further evaluation.
关键词： image navigation,prostate cancer,head-mounted display,minimally invasive surgery,transrectal ultrasound,radical prostatectomy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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PEGylated mesoporous Bi2S3 Nanostars loaded with Chlorin e6 and doxorubicin for fluorescence/CT imaging-guided multimodal therapy of Cancer
摘要： Taking advantage of the mesoporous structure of bismuth sulfide nanostars (Bi2S3 NSs), a chemotherapeutic drug of doxorubicin (DOX) and a photosensitizer of chlorin e6 (Ce6) were concurrently loaded in the PEGylated Bi2S3 NSs to formulate a multifunctional nanocomplex (BPDC NSs) for theranostics. BPDC NSs have excellent photothermal conversion efficiency and a capacity of yielding reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon laser irradiation, and can realize on-demand drug release by either pH-activation or thermal induction. Accumulation of the nanodrug could be monitored in real-time by infrared thermal imaging, fluorescence imaging and computed tomography (CT). More importantly, the combination effects of photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy was demonstrated to dramatically suppress solid tumors without recurrence in vivo. Featured by the low systemic toxicity and high biocompatibility, this nanoplatform could be a promising derivative of Bi2S3 NSs for imaging-guided theranostics of cancer.
关键词： Controlled drug release,Cancer theranostics,Doxorubicin,Chlorin e6,Bismuth (Bi) chalcogenides
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Eficacia de la imagen precoz con 68Ga-PSMA-I&T para la discriminación de lesiones en los pacientes con cáncer de próstata
摘要： Objective: 68Ga-PSMA-uptake shows accumulation in the malignant lesions of prostate cancer patients as early as 5 min p.i. Studies indicate the value of adding an early image of the pelvis to the imaging protocol of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT scan showed contradictory results. In this study we planned to assess the significance of an additional early imaging in 68Ga-PSMA-I&T PET/CT imaging in prostate cancer patients. Materials and methods: A total of 35 prostate cancer patients referred to 68Ga-PSMA-I&T PET/CT imaging for restaging of the disease due to suspicion of relapse after definitive therapy were enrolled. First an early static pelvic image was obtained at a maximum of 300 s following injection of the radiotracer. Sixty minutes postinjection a whole-body PET/CT scan was conducted with an emission time of 3 min per bed position. The lesions which were categorized as local recurrence, bone lesion and lymph node metastasis in the early images, were compared with the late images in terms of number of lesions detected and SUVmax values. Results: 68Ga-PSMA-I&T PET/CT was positive in 23 of 35 patients (65.7%). A pathological uptake was observed in the prostatic bed site, in the pelvic lymph nodes, and in the bones in 17 patients (48.5%), 12 patients (34.2%), and 13 patients (37.1%), respectively. In one patient, focal pathological increased uptake in the prostatic bed with a SUVmax value of 5.8 was detected but this lesion disappeared in the late images. The average SUVmax values of the lesions in the prostatic bed were 13.7 ± 12.1 versus 26.3 ± 23.8 in the 5 min and 60 min studies respectively (p < 0.001). In one patient, the pathological uptake in the lymph node in the early study cleared in the late study, whereas in another accumulation of activity was detected in a pelvic lymph node in the late study, while there was no lymph node detected in the early study. The average SUVmax values of the lymph nodes were 12.1 ± 8.8 versus 26.3 ± 22.6 in the 5 min and 60 min studies respectively (p < 0.001). The average SUVmax values of the bone lesions were 11.4 ± 6.9 versus 15 ± 10.7 in the 5 min and 60 min studies respectively. Conclusion: Our study is the first in the literature to evaluate the impact of adding an early static pelvic image to the 68Ga-PSMA-I&T scan, in the detection rate of the lesions. Although there was no marked discordance between the 2 sets of images, the addition of an early image to the imaging protocol of 68Ga-PSMA-I&T scan would increase the efficacy of detection of malignant lesions in the pelvis, which might show rapid clearance and has the risk of being masked by the urinary system activity.
关键词： Prostate-specific membrane antigen,68Ga-PSMA-I&T,PET/CT,Lymph node metastases,Prostate cancer
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Photoimmunoconjugates: novel synthetic strategies to target and treat cancer by photodynamic therapy
摘要： Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combines a photosensitizer (PS) with the physical energy of non-ionizing light to trigger cell death pathways. PDT has potential as a therapeutic modality to be used in alternative or in combination with other conventional cancer treatment protocols (e.g. surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy). Still, due to the lack of specificity of the current PSs to target the tumor cells, several studies have exploited their conjugation with targeting moieties. PSs conjugated with antibodies (Abs) or their fragments, able to bind antigens overexpressed in the tumors, have demonstrated potential in PDT of tumors. This review provides an overview of the most recent advances on photoimmunoconjugates (PICs) for cancer PDT, which involve the first and second-generation PSs conjugated to Abs. This is an update of our previous review “Antibodies armed with photosensitizers: from chemical synthesis to photobiological applications”, published in 2015 in Org. Biomol. Chem.
关键词： Photoimmunoconjugates,Antibody conjugation,Photosensitizers,Cancer treatment,Photodynamic therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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In Vivo imaging characterization and anticancer efficacy of a novel HER2 Affibody and Pemetrexed conjugate in lung Cancer model
摘要： Introduction: In this study, a new agent consisting of HER2-specific affibody ZHER2:V2 and chemotherapy drug pemetrexed was synthesized to develop a new targeted drug. Its biological characteristics and anticancer efficacy were assessed in cells level and xenografts models by radiolabeling with technetium-99m. Methods: After the ZHER2:V2-pemetrexed conjugate was synthesized, radiolabeling of the conjugate was performed using its C-terminal 4 amino acids (Gly-Gly-Gly-Cys) as the chelating moiety. The radiochemical yield of the [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:V2-pemetrexed was identified by instant thin-layer chromatography (ITLC). Stability of the radiolabeled conjugate was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro binding affinity and cell internalization study of the probe were performed in A549 cells (HER2-positive). Tumor uptake was evaluated by in vitro uptake assay in A549 cells and H23 cells (HER2-negative), and by in vivo biodistribution and SPECT imaging in A549 and H23 tumor-bearing mice. The antitumor efficacy of the ZHER2:V2-pemetrexed conjugate was evaluated in cells and xenograft models. Results: The ZHER2:V2-pemetrexed was successfully synthesized and conjugated with technetium-99m, and acquired the radiochemical yield of 97.0 ± 0.3%. The stability of [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:V2-pemetrexed was good in both physiological saline and human serum. The radiolabeled agent displayed excellent HER2-binding specificity and affinity in vitro ， and was gradually internalized into the cells. Biodistribution study revealed obvious tumor uptake in A549 xenografts (percentage injected dose per gram, 2.6 ± 1.0 %ID/g at 4 h postinjection), while the uptake in HER2-negative H23 tumors was much lower (0.2 ± 0.1 %ID/g at 4 h postinjection, P < 0.01). SPECT imaging exhibited an intensity in the A549 xenograft which could be blocked by excess ZHER2:V2-pemetrexed. Treatment with ZHER2:V2-pemetrexed significantly impaired the tumor growth (P < 0.05), with less weight loss than pemetrexed. Conclusion: [99mTc]Tc-ZHER2:V2-pemetrexed showed desirable property and HER2-specificity. The ZHER2:V2-pemetrexed conjugate could inhibit tumor growth of HER2-positive lung adenocarcinoma and may have the potential to become a targeted drug for lung cancer. Advances in knowledge and implications for patient care: The compound described herein performs HER2-targeting with favorable anticancer efficacy and offers the potential of novel targeting strategies for further tumor therapy.
关键词： pemetrexed,lung cancer,radionuclide imaging,HER2
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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A high therapeutic efficacy of polymeric prodrug nano-assembly for a combination of photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy
摘要： Combination of photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy has been emerging as a new strategy for cancer treatment. Conventional photosensitizer tends to aggregate in aqueous media, which causes fluorescence quenching, reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and limits its clinical application to photodynamic therapy. Traditional nanoparticle drug delivery system for chemotherapy also has its disadvantages, such as low drug loading content, drug leakage, and off-target toxicity for normal tissues. Here, we developed a reduction-sensitive co-delivery micelles TB@PMP for combinational therapy, which composed of entrapping a red aggregation-induced emission fluorogen (AIEgen) for photodynamic therapy and PMP that contains a reduction-sensitive paclitaxel polymeric prodrug for chemotherapy. AIEgen photosensitizer illustrates a much improved photostability and ROS production efficiency in aggregate state and PMP loads a high dose of paclitaxel and carries a smart stimuli-triggered drug release property. This co-delivery system provides a better option that replaces AIEgen photosensitizer for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
关键词： chemotherapy,polymeric prodrug,cancer treatment,photodynamic therapy,nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Switchable Photoacoustic Imaging of Glutathione Using MnO2 Nanotubes for Cancer Diagnosis
摘要： Glutathione is overexpressed in tumor cells and regulates cancer growth, metastasis and drug resistance. Therefore, detecting glutathione levels may greatly facilitate cancer diagnosis and treatment response monitoring. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a noninvasive modality for high-sensitivity, high-resolution, deep-tissue optical imaging. Switchable PA probes that offer signal on/off responses to tumor targets would further improve the detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of PA imaging. Here we explore the use of MnO2 nanotubes as a switchable and biodegradable PA probe for dynamic imaging of glutathione in cancer. Glutathione reduces black MnO2 nanotubes into colorless Mn2+ ions, leading to decreased and “signal off” PA amplitude. In phantoms, we observed a linear response of reduced PA signals of MnO2 nanotubes to increased glutathione concentrations. Using melanoma as the disease model, we demonstrated that MnO2 nanotubes-based PA imaging of glutathione successfully distinguished B16F10 melanoma cells from BEAS-2b normal cells and discriminated B16F10 tumors from healthy skin tissues. Our results showed that MnO2 nanotubes are a potent switchable and biodegradable PA probe for glutathione imaging in cancer diagnosis.
关键词： photoacoustic imaging,nanotubes,cancer,glutathione,melanoma,switchable contrast reagent,MnO2
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Dual-mode Au nanoprobe based on surface enhancement Raman scattering and colorimetry for sensitive determination of telomerase activity both in cell extracts and the urine of patients
摘要： Telomerase is a valuable biomarker, which is highly correlated to cancer diseases. However, single-mode probe for telomerase detection cannot satisfy the challenge of detection of telomerase activity rapidly, simply with high selectivity, sensitivity and accuracy both in preliminary diagnosis and point of care (POC) testing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a robust approach with controllable assembly and high accuracy to consider both the simplification of preliminary diagnosis and POC testing and the quantification requirement for early clinical diagnosis and treatment. Herein, a novel dual-mode Au NPs probe was developed for determination of telomerase activity with controllable assembly and aggregation statement based on surface enhancement Raman scattering (SERS) and colorimetry. In this strategy, an Au dimer-based probe with high uniformity was assembled successfully, telomerase activity was reflected according to the color variations of solution and the Raman intensity of Raman reporter. Taking advantage of the uniformity of Au dimers and the combination of colorimetry and SERS techniques, our strategy determined the telomerase activity with high accuracy, sensitivity and wide range. The established probe possessed of high selectivity, sensitivity and accuracy, which was approved as a reliable, intuitional and convenient approach for detecting telomerase activity.
关键词： colorimetry,bladder cancer,surface enhanced Raman scattering,Au nanoparticles,telomerase activity
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21