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Experimental and numerical investigation to rationalize both near-infrared and mid-infrared spontaneous emission in?Pr3+ doped selenide-chalcogenide fiber
摘要： This contribution reports on detailed experimental and numerical investigations of both near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) photoluminescence obtained in praseodymium trivalent ion doped chalcogenide-selenide glass fiber. The experimental analysis allows for the identification of the radiative transitions within the praseodymium ion energy level structure to account for the photoluminescent behavior. Numerical analysis is carried out using the rate equations' approach to calculate the level populations. The numerical analysis provides further insight into the nature of the radiative transitions in the Pr3+ ion doped chalcogenide-selenide glass and allows for the identification of the electronic transitions, which contribute to the observed photoluminescence. The numerical results agree well with the experimental results.
关键词： chalcogenide glass fibers,optical fiber modelling,lanthanide doped fibers
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Controlling Fano resonances in multilayer dielectric gratings towards optical bistable devices
摘要： The spectral properties of Fano resonance generated in multilayer dielectric gratings (MDGs) are reported and numerically investigated in this paper. We examine the MDG consisting of numerous identically alternative chalcogenide glass (As2S3) and silica (SiO2) multilayers with several grating widths inscribed through the structure, emphasizing quality (Q) and asymmetric (q) factors. Manipulation of Fano lineshape and its linear characteristics can be achieved by tailoring the layers’ amount and grating widths so that the proposed structure can be applicable for several optical applications. Moreover, we demonstrate the switching/bistability behaviors of the MDG at Fano resonance which provide a significant switching intensity reduction compared to the established Lorentzian resonant structures.
关键词： Fano resonance,silica,optical bistable devices,chalcogenide glass,multilayer dielectric gratings
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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A monolithic on-chip magneto-optical isolator with 3 dB insertion loss and 40 dB isolation ratio
摘要： On-chip optical isolators constitute an essential building block for photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Here we experimentally demonstrated a magneto-optical isolator monolithically integrated on silicon featuring 3 dB insertion loss and 40 dB isolation ratio, both of which represent significant improvements over state-of-the-art. The isolator is also fully passive and operates under a simple unidirectional magnetization scheme. Such superior performance is enabled through a three-way combination of a strip-loaded waveguide design, a compositionally optimized chalcogenide glass as the light guiding medium, and low-loss taper structures created via gray-scale lithographic processing. The device represents an important step towards a practical solution for on-chip isolation in PICs.
关键词： Integrated optics devices,Magneto-optical materials,Chalcogenide glass,Resonators,Grayscale-lithography,Isolators
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Highly coherent 1.5-8.3μm broadband supercontinuum generation in tapered As-S chalcogenide fibers
摘要： We reported a highly coherent broadband supercontinuum (SC) generation in As-S chalcogenide tapered fibers pumped at 3.75 μm. The fiber preforms based on As-S glasses with a core/cladding diameter ratio of 1:25 were fabricated via isolated stacked extrusion. The waist diameters of tapered fibers can be changed by controlling the parameter of homemade tapering platform to realize all-normal dispersion (ANDi) characteristic. A broadband SC generation spanning from 1.5 to 8.3 μm was obtained in a 15-cm-long tapered fiber with waist core diameter of 4.8 μm. And high coherence property of the generated SC spectrum was investigated and verified by the simulation. The effect of different waist core diameters on SC spectra coherence properties was also investigated by numerical simulation.
关键词： coherence property,tapered fiber,supercontinuum generation,Chalcogenide glass
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Numerical modeling & analysis of AsSe2-As2S5 chalcogenide based step-index optical fiber for nonlinear applications
摘要： In this paper, we have proposed a chalcogenide-based step-index optical fiber with AsSe2 chalcogenide glass as core and As2S5 chalcogenide glass as cladding. It is designed and numerically analyzed for different values of radius of the core of the optical fiber. The chalcogenide-based step-index optical fiber, with a proposed value for its radius of the core, is then simulated for supercontinuum generation in the mid-infrared region by injecting an input pulse of 50 fs duration and peak power of 5000 W for different propagating lengths of the fiber.
关键词： As2S5 chalcogenide glass,Step-index optical fiber,AsSe2 chalcogenide glass,Nonlinear optics,Supercontinuum generation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Femtosecond-laser direct-writing volume phase gratings inside Gea??Asa??S chalcogenide glass
摘要： In this study, volume-phase gratings (VPGs) were fabricated inside Ge–As–S chalcogenide glasses (ChG) with femtosecond-laser writing technology. VPGs with high thicknesses were obtained through single-step writing by exploiting the self-focusing effect of highly nonlinear ChGs. The clear diffraction patterns and high diffraction efficiency of the prepared gratings indicated their high optical performance. Testing results showed that the diffraction efficiency of VPGs first increased with laser pulse energies and then decreased when the laser damage threshold of the glass reached 9.42 nJ. Grating thickness also exhibited the same trend as laser pulse energies and reached the maximum value of 28 μm at 9.42 nJ. The changes in the refractive indexes of volume gratings fabricated under different laser pulse energies were carefully investigated. The changes in the refractive indexes of the gratings remained at the same level while laser pulse energy was increased. Meanwhile, grating thickness played a key role in diffraction efficiency. The maximum diffraction efficiency of the prepared VPGs reached 50% at 808 nm under optimized laser parameters.
关键词： chalcogenide glass,volume-phase grating,laser direct-writing,nonlinear optics
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Spatial tailoring of the refractive index in infrared glass-ceramic films enabled by direct laser writing
摘要： The development of infrared gradient refractive index (GRIN) components relies on the ability to modify the refractive index and dispersion properties of suitable host materials with a high spatial selectivity and a sufficient magnitude of change. We present a novel multi-step approach to induce local refractive index changes in chalcogenide optical materials. Films with thicknesses between 1 and 40 μm fabricated from multi-component GeSe2-As2Se3-PbSe (GAP–Se) glass-ceramic materials were irradiated with continuous-wave and nanosecond-pulsed laser light, and post-processed with heat-treatments. A maximum local refractive index change of Δn = 0.088 across a broad spectral range in the infrared was realized. Spatial control of the refractive index variation was achieved through thermally-induced crystallization of a Pb-rich crystal phase. The magnitude of the index change scaled with the laser power and the exposure dose while the material maintained the required optical quality. The material performance validated in this study for thick films (20–40 μm films) reconfirms our ability to extend results from thin GAP-Se films towards novel optical designs.
关键词： Direct laser writing,Chalcogenide glass,Photo-thermal process,Gradient refractive index
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Milliwatt-Level Spontaneous Emission Across the 3.5a??8 ?μm Spectral Region from Pr3+ Doped Selenide Chalcogenide Fiber Pumped with a Laser Diode
摘要： A spontaneous emission fiber source operating in the mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range from 3.5 to 8 μm is demonstrated for the first time at output power levels of at least 1 mW. The source is a Pr3+-doped selenide chalcogenide, multimode, glass fiber pumped with commercially available laser diodes operating at 1.470 μm, 1.511 μm and 1.690 μm. This MIR spontaneous emission fiber source offers a viable alternative to broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum fiber sources, which are comparatively complex and costly. The MIR emission wavelength range is significant for molecular sensing applications across biology and chemistry, and in medicine, agriculture, defense, and environmental monitoring.
关键词： mid-infrared,mid-infrared light sources,fiber lasers,chalcogenide glass fibers
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Influence of Se on Properties of As-S-Se-I Glass for Immersion Mid-IR Leds Lenses
摘要： The study of glass components influence on the physical and chemical properties of As–S–Se–I glasses has the potential to help design glasses with the required properties. A change of certain glass properties upon the introduction of selenium into AsSI glass was demonstrated. Non-stoichiometric compounds along the As2S3-AsI3-Se diagram section were investigated by differential thermal analysis, ultrasonic measurements, dilatometric measurements. It has been shown that the introduction of selenium decreases the glass solubility in water. Change in the glass properties with the change in the short-range structure studied by Raman spectroscopy was shown. These glasses can be used for creation of immersion lenses and optical adhesives which change radiation characteristics of mid-IR LEDs.
关键词： coefficient of thermal expansion,mechanical characteristics,density,solubility,chalcogenide glass,Raman spectra
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Design and Analysis of a Dispersion-engineered and Highly Nonlinear Rib Waveguide for Generation of Broadband Supercontinuum Spectra
摘要： In this paper, a waveguide consisting of a core of As2Se3 chalcogenide glass and the upper and lower claddings of MgF2 with two zero-dispersion wavelengths (ZDW) has been proposed. By optimization of the dimensions of the core and the claddings, their effects on the dispersion curve have been investigated and a suitable structure with a flat dispersion curve, an effective mode area of 1.6 μm2 in a pump wavelength of 2.8 μm, and hence, a nonlinear coefficient greater than 34 w?1 m?1 has been obtained. A broadband supercontinuum in a wavelength range of 1.5 μm to 15 μm has been generated by applying an input pulse with duration of 100 fs and a maximum power of 2 kw to this waveguide. Due to the large width of the supercontinuum generated (SCG), the short length of the waveguide (maximum 5 mm), and a low input power, this structure is suitable for use in optical integrated circuits and its various applications.
关键词： zero dispersion wavelength,supercontinuum generation,high nonlinearity,chalcogenide glass,low loss,rib waveguide
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22