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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Chalcogenide Glass Polarization-Maintaining Photonic Crystal Fiber for Mid-Infrared Supercontinuum Generation
摘要： Chalcogenide-glass-based optical fibers are excellent photonic platforms for nonlinear applications in the mid-IR region due to their wide transmission window, tunable dispersion and high optical nonlinearity. There is particular interest in combining the chalcogenide fiber platform with polarization-preserving properties as this will allow polarization-dependent measurements while minimizing detrimental effects and thus enable new applications in interferometric techniques, gas sensing, integrated-optic devices and optical coherence tomography. In this work, for the first time to our knowledge, we demonstrate mid-IR supercontinuum (SC) generation in a highly birefringent polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber (PM-PCF). The PM-PCF was drawn using the casting method from As38Se62 glass which features a transmission window from 2-10 μm and a high nonlinear refractive index up to 1.13×10-17 m2/W [1,2]. To introduce strong birefringence, an asymmetric arrangement of air holes was used as shown in Fig. 1(a). The PCF cross section consists of 36 circular air holes in 3 rings with 2 larger air holes adjacent to the core. The (approximate) core diameter (i.e. distance between two large air holes) is ~8.1 μm and the outer diameter of the PCF is 125 μm. The group velocity dispersion and group birefringence for the fundamental mode (computed from the SEM image) are shown in Fig. 1(b). The fiber has a zero-dispersion wavelength around 4.5 μm and, at this wavelength, a large birefringence of 6×10-4 such that strong polarization maintaining properties are expected. In our experiments, a 25cm long PM-PCF was pumped with 250 fs pulses at 4 μm (i.e. the normal dispersion regime) using the same experimental setup for MIR SC generation as previously described in Ref. [3]. Figure 1(c) shows the generated SC spectra with different output power. For a pump power of 135 mW, we obtained a SC spectrum from 3.1-6.02 μm with an average output power of 11 mW. Pumping close to the zero dispersion wavelength with the pump at 4.53 μm yielded comparable spectral broadening but at much lower input pump power of 62 mW as shown in Fig. 1(d). In this case, we were able to measure the polarization dependence of the SC spectra by changing the coupling angle through rotation of the fiber. These results demonstrate the potential of chalcogenide PM-PCF for polarized SC generation, and work is underway to optimize the spectral generation and polarization dependency using detailed numerical modelling.
关键词： Polarization-maintaining,Photonic crystal fiber,Chalcogenide glass,Mid-infrared,Supercontinuum generation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Boson Band Vibrations Aid Refractive Index Mapping of Waveguides in High Index Chalcogenide Glass
摘要： The boson band mapping of waveguides fabricated by femtosecond laser inscription was used for the first time to identify and understand the material densification profile in chalcogenide glasses. The refractive index mapping of waveguides in high refractive index dielectrics is problematic as there are no known techniques. Refracted near field technique cannot be carried out in glasses with refractive index higher than 1.6 due to the lack of availability or toxic nature of the index matching oil. Though other techniques based on holographic and phase microscopies are available, sample preparation steps compatible with reliable measurement are tedious and in some cases, like diamond, is almost impossible. In this work, using the information obtained from the Bosonic band vibrations, we explain waveguide formation in Gallium Lanthanum Sulphide (GLS) glass. The boson peak shows up in any amorphous material regardless of its constituents or stoichiometry and is observed in the low frequency region between 0 – 100 cm-1. Their origin is a well debated and controversial topic. Here we make use of its response to the physical properties of the material.
关键词： refractive index mapping,waveguides,boson band vibrations,chalcogenide glass,femtosecond laser inscription
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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All-optical notch filters for ultra-wideband chaotic communications
摘要： In this paper, a wideband all-optical notch ?lter is proposed using two cascaded modi?ed add-drop resonators from chalcogenide glass (ChG) and GaAsInP-InP waveguide materials. The system consists of ChG main ring and two small side rings called phase modulators made of the GaAsInP-InP materials. The plane waves are fed at the input and add ports, from which the chaotic signal outputs can be generated by the nonlinear e?ect induced into the center ring. The results have been simulated based on the scattering matrix method. Results have shown that the generated chaotic signals can be used for switching and secured communications. An ultra-fast switching time of ～ 2 attoseconds is achieved. Moreover, the chaotic signals can be ?ltered by the stop band ?lters (notch ?lters). The free spectral range (FSR) of two cascaded ChGs is 1494.8 nm. The output wavelength of the notch ?lters is tunable from 748.0–2242.2 nm and 2242.8–3737.0 nm. The band-stop of the notch ?lter is 1494.2 nm. This approach will allow the implementation of the compact, and integrated notch ?lters in an on-chip scale circuit, which is useful for both light ?delity (LiFi) and wireless ?delity (WiFi) applications.
关键词： WiFi,all-optical notch ?lters,chalcogenide glass,GaAsInP-InP,scattering matrix method,ultra-wideband chaotic communications,LiFi
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Bucharest (2018.7.1-2018.7.5)] 2018 20th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) - Time Domain Modeling of Multimode Selenide-Chalcogenide Glass Fiber Based Mid Infrared Spontaneous Emission Sources
摘要： We develop time domain models of selenide-chalcogenide glass fiber based MIR spontaneous emission sources. The modeling parameters used are derived from experimentally obtained data. The models are based on the rate equations’ approach to simulate the distribution of ions between the relevant energy levels. The optical power distribution within the fiber is calculated by solving a set of partial differential equations using specially developed finite difference schemes that allow for a direct inclusion of the step discontinuities appearing at the fiber facets. The results obtained allow for a thorough analysis of luminescence from lanthanide ion doped chalcogenide fibers.
关键词： mid infrared photonics,chalcogenide glass fibers,numerical modelling
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[Micro/Nano Technologies] Micro and Nano Fabrication Technology Volume 1 || Precision Molding of Microstructures on Chalcogenide Glass for Infrared Optics
摘要： Chalcogenide glass (ChG), as an alternative material in place of single-crystal germanium, is increasingly used in thermal imaging, night vision, and infrared guidance systems, etc., and microstructure array on the infrared component is widely used in micro-optical systems owing to their excellent formability through precision glass molding (PGM), which can achieve low cost and high efficiency compared with other microstructural manufacturing technologies. To describe the thermomechanical properties of ChG, the viscoelastic constitutive of ChG is modeled and used in finite element simulation to study the influence of process parameters on the forming stress. The processing parameters are studied to reduce the occurrence of microdimples and optimize the molding conditions. Finally, microstructure arrays are molded using spherical ChG preform and the optimal molding materials are identified.
关键词： Microdimples,Finite element simulation,Precision glass molding,Microstructure array,Chalcogenide glass
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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New Candidate Multicomponent Chalcogenide Glasses for Supercontinuum Generation
摘要： Broadband supercontinuum (SC) generation requires host material attributes defined by both optical and physical properties and the material’s manufacturability. We review and define the trade-offs in these attributes as applied to fiber or planar film applications based on homogeneous glass property data, and provide a series of examples of how one might optimize such attributes through material compositional and morphology design. As an example, we highlight the role of varying composition, microstructure, and linear/nonlinear optical properties, such as transmittance, refractive index, and the multiphoton absorption coefficient, for a series of novel multicomponent chalcogenide glasses within a model GeSe2-As2Se3-PbSe (GAP-Se) system. We report key optical property variation as a function of composition and form, and discuss how such glasses, suitable for both fiber and planar film processing, could lend themselves as candidates for use in SC generation. We demonstrate the impact of starting glass composition and morphology and illustrate how tailoring composition and form (bulk versus film) leads to significant variation in linear, nonlinear, and dispersive optical property behavior within this system that enables design options that are attractive to optimization of desirable SC performance, based on optical composites.
关键词： photonics,infrared optical materials,chalcogenide glass science,supercontinuum generation,nonlinear optics
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Towards on-chip mid infrared photonic aerosol spectroscopy
摘要： We propose an on-chip mid-infrared (MIR) photonic spectroscopy platform for aerosol characterization to obtain highly discriminatory information on the chemistry of aerosol particles. Sensing of aerosols is crucial for various environmental, climatic, warfare threat detection, and pulmonary healthcare applications. Currently, chemical characterization of aerosols is performed using FTIR spectroscopy, yielding chemical ?ngerprinting because most of the vibrational and rotational transitions of chemical molecules fall in the IR range, and Raman spectroscopy. Both techniques use free space bench-top geometries. Here, we propose miniaturized on-chip MIR photonics-based aerosol spectroscopy consisting of a broadband spiral-waveguide sensor that signi?cantly enhances the particle-light interaction to improve sensitivity. The spiral waveguides are made of a chalcogenide glass material (Ge23Sb7S70) which shows a broad transparency over the IR range (1–10 lm). We demonstrate the sensing of N-methyl aniline-based aerosol particles with the device. We anticipate that the sensor will readily complement existing photonic resonator-based particle sizing and counting techniques to develop a uni?ed framework for on-chip integrated photonic aerosol spectroscopy.
关键词： N-methyl aniline,chalcogenide glass,on-chip mid-infrared photonic spectroscopy,aerosol characterization,spiral-waveguide sensor
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14